Hovawart ndi mtundu wakale wa galu waku Germany. Dzinalo limasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chijeremani chakale ngati woyang'anira khothi ndikuwonetsa moyenera mawonekedwe ake.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa mtunduwu kunayamba ku 1210, pomwe nyumba yachijeremani ya Ordensritterburg idazunguliridwa ndi mafuko achi Slavic. Nyumbayi idagwa, nzika zake zikuphedwa ndi lupanga, kuphatikiza ambuye.
Mwana wamwamuna yekhayo, yemwe adabweretsedwa kunyumba yachifumu yapafupi ndi galu wovulala, ndi amene adapulumuka. Pambuyo pake, mnyamatayu adzakhala wodziwika bwino m'mbiri yamalamulo aku Germany - Eike von Repgau. Adzapanga Sachsenspiegel (yofalitsidwa 1274), malamulo akale kwambiri ku Germany.
Malamulowa atchulanso a Hovawarts, chifukwa chakupha kapena kuba komwe adzalandire chilango chachikulu. Munali mu 1274 pomwe kutchulidwa koyamba kwamtunduwu kunabwerera kale, koma kunakhalako iye asanabadwe.
Mu 1473, mtunduwu udatchulidwa m'buku la "Five Noble Breeds" ngati wothandizira kwambiri polimbana ndi akuba ndi achifwamba. Izi zikutanthauza kuti idapangidwa kale panthawiyo ngati mtundu wosiyana, zomwe sizachilendo ku Europe wakale.
Pakutha kwa Middle Ages, kutchuka kwa mtunduwo kunayamba kutsika. Makamaka pamene Germany idalumikizana ndipo dzikolo lidadzaza ndiukadaulo.
Mitundu yatsopano ikulowa m'bwalomo, mwachitsanzo, a German Shepherd. Amalowetsa a Hovawarts muutumiki ndipo pofika zaka za zana la makumi awiri amakhala atatha.
Mu 1915, gulu la okonda amalumikizana kuti asunge ndi kubwezeretsa mtunduwo. Gulu ili likutsogoleredwa ndi katswiri wazanyama komanso wasayansi Kurt Koenig.
Amasonkhanitsa agalu kuchokera kumafamu a Black Forest. Amawoloka opambanawo ndi Kuvasz, Newfoundland, Leonberger, Bernese Mountain Dog.
Mu 1922 kennel woyamba adalembetsa, mu 1937 Club yaku Kennel yaku Germany idazindikira mtunduwo. Koma pafupifupi chilichonse chidatayika pomwe nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse idayamba. Agalu ambiri amafa, nkhondo itatha, ochepa okha ndi omwe atsala.
Ndi mu 1947 okha, okondanso amapanganso kalabu - Rassezuchtverein für Hovawart-Hunde Coburg, yomwe ilipobe mpaka pano. Amabwezeretsanso mtunduwo ndipo mu 1964 amadziwika kuti ndi amodzi mwamitundu isanu ndi iwiri yogwira ntchito ku Germany, ndipo popita nthawi ikudziwika m'maiko ena.
Kufotokozera
Hovawart amafanana ndi golide wobwezeretsa pomanga komanso kukula. Mutu ndi wawukulu, wokhala ndi mphumi, kutchinga. Mphuno ndi kutalika mofanana ndi chigaza, choyimira chimafotokozedwa bwino. Mphuno ndi yakuda ndi mphuno zotukuka.
Kuluma lumo. Maso ndi ofiira kapena ofiira owoneka bwino. Makutuwo ndi amitundu itatu, amasiyana.
Chovalacho ndi chachitali, chakuda, chopingasa pang'ono. Chovalacho ndi chaching'ono; pachifuwa, pamimba, kumbuyo kwa miyendo ndi mchira, chovalacho ndichotalikirako. Mtundu wa malaya - fawn, wakuda ndi wakuda komanso wakuda.
Zoyipa zakugonana zimawonetsedwa bwino. Amuna amafika 63-70 cm atafota, akazi 58-65. Amuna amalemera makilogalamu 30-40, akazi 25-35 kg.
Khalidwe
Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pamakhalidwe agalu amizere yosiyanasiyana. Ena ndi akutali kwambiri, ena amakhala achiwawa kwa mtundu wawo, ena amakhala ndi chidwi chofuna kusaka.
Cholinga cha kufotokozera uku ndikufotokozera mwachidule mawonekedwe amtunduwu, koma galu aliyense ndi wosiyana!
Obereketsa odalirika samalimbikitsa mtundu uwu kwa oyamba kumene. Izi ndichifukwa chamakhalidwe awo olimba, chibadwa choteteza komanso nzeru.
Kukhala ndi Hovawart kumatanthauza kutenga udindo, kuwononga nthawi, ndalama ndi khama polera ndi kusamalira galu wanu. Komabe, kwa iwo omwe ali okonzekera izi, adzakhala mnzake wabwino.
Zochitika zitha kukhala malire pano. Awa ndi agalu akulu, anzeru, amwano ndipo mwiniwake wosadziwa zambiri amatha kuyembekezera zovuta zambiri. Otsatsa a Hovawart amalangiza kuti akhale ndi chidziwitso ndi mitundu ina.
Komanso, agaluwa ndi achangu kwambiri ndipo amatha kufikira masentimita 70. Komanso, akamayenda kwambiri, amakhala odekha komanso achimwemwe.
Ndikofunika kwambiri kuwasunga m'nyumba yokhala ndi bwalo lalikulu, kapena nthawi zambiri ndikuyenda maulendo ataliatali. Nyumba, ngakhale yayikulu, siyabwino kwenikweni kuti aziisamalira.
Mukamaphunzira, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ndizothandiza zokha zomwe zimagwira nawo ntchito. Amakonda anthu, koma samawagonjera, amafunikira chowonjezera china.
Amatha kupanga zisankho zawo ndikuganiza pawokha. Chibadwa chawo choyang'anira sichifunika kuphunzira, ndichachibadwa. Ndipo galu amakhala wosalamulirika ngati maphunziro atengera kulangidwa kokha.
Hovawarts amapambana pantchito zopulumutsa ndi chitetezo. Agalu akulu opangidwa kuti azisamalira malo. Ndi okhulupirika, achifundo, anzeru kwambiri komanso amakani. Amafuna kugwira ntchito kuti asatope komanso osagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zawo m'njira zowononga.
Izi ndi agalu akutha msinkhu, ana agalu amafunika mpaka zaka ziwiri kuti apange mawonekedwe amisala ndi athanzi.
Ponena za ana, amakhala osamala komanso achikondi, koma amafunika kucheza nawo. Komabe, ana sayenera kusiyidwa osasamalidwa. Ana ang'ono ndi ana agalu amangoyang'ana padziko lapansi ndipo atha kuvulazana wina ndi mnzake chifukwa chonyalanyaza.
Agalu omwewo ndi akulu, amatha kugwetsera pansi mwana, ndipo palibe choti anene za kuwongolera galu. Nthawi zonse yang'anirani mwana wanu, ngakhale galu atamamukonda!
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, a Hovawarts ndioteteza komanso alonda. Komabe, nzeru zawo sizigwira ntchito chifukwa chankhanza, koma ndi chitetezo. Ndibwino kuti muziwongolera kuyambira ukhanda ndi chidwi chocheza ndi mwana wagalu.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti galuyo ayenera kumvetsetsa momwe angachitire mulimonse momwe zingakhalire. Popanda chidziwitso, galu atha kupanga chisankho chake ndipo simukonda. Training kumathandiza galu kukhazikitsidwa osati mwachibadwa (nthawi zambiri zosayenera masiku ano), koma pazochitikira.
Chisamaliro
Uwu ndi mtundu wosavuta kusamalira ngakhale utali wake wautali. Galu wogwira ntchito, sanafunikire kunja kwa chic.
Chovalacho ndi chamtali ndipo chiyenera kutsukidwa kamodzi kapena kawiri pamlungu.Poti malaya amkati sadziwika bwino, kudzisamalira ndikosavuta.
Hovawarts amakhetsa kwambiri ndipo munthawi yakukhetsa ubweya uyenera kuchotsedwa tsiku lililonse.
Zaumoyo
Mtundu wokhala ndi thanzi labwino, moyo wautali ndi zaka 10-14. Alibe matenda amtundu wamtundu, ndipo kuchuluka kwa agalu omwe ali ndi dysplasia yolumikizana sikupitilira 5%.
Ponena za galu wamkulu chotere - munthu wotsika kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, cholembedwacho chagolide chimakhala ndi 20.5%, malinga ndi Orthopedic Foundation for Animals.
