Oranda ndi kusiyana kwa nsomba ya oranda yagolide, yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi kupezeka kwa zophuka pamutu ndi zokutira. Kukula kumeneku kumatha kusiyanasiyana pamtundu ndi kukula, nthawi zina kumaphimba mutu wonse (kupatula maso ndi pakamwa).
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Monga mitundu yonse ya nsomba zagolide, oranda ndi mtundu wowetedwa. Nsomba yagolide (lat. Carassius auratus) idabadwa koyamba ku China, komwe idafika ku Japan.
Kwa zaka zambiri, obereketsa awoloka nsomba wina ndi mnzake kuti apange mitundu yatsopano ya nsomba zagolide. Umu ndi momwe veiltail, telescope, shubunkin ndi ena ambiri adawonekera.
Ndipo nsomba yomweyi imayimiriridwa ndimitundu ingapo, momwe imakhalira ndi utoto komanso utoto.
Kufotokozera
Chifukwa cha kumangako, imadziwika mosavuta pakati pa nsomba zagolide. M'Chitchaina ndi Chingerezi, kukula ngakhale kuli ndi dzina - "wen". Mawuwa adalowa mchingerezi kuchokera ku Chinese ndipo ndizovuta kunena tanthauzo lake.
Kunja, oranda amafanana ndi mchira wophimba. Ili ndi thupi lalifupi, loboola dzira komanso zipsepse zazitali. Mosiyana ndi Riukin, nsana wake ndi wowongoka, wopanda mawonekedwe.
Iyi ndi nsomba yayikulu kwambiri, kutalika kwa thupi kumatha kufikira 30 cm, koma nthawi zambiri kumakhala 20-25 cm.
Kukula pamutu kumapangika pang'onopang'ono ndikukula msinkhu wazaka ziwiri. Nthawi zina imakula kwambiri mpaka imaphimba maso a nsombayo. Chifukwa cha ichi, kuwonera kwa nsombazi kumakhala kochepa.
Kuphatikiza apo, imatha kutenga matenda opatsirana omwe amabwera m'thupi kudzera pamavulala osiyanasiyana. M'madzi okhala nawo, zokongoletsa zimapewa zomwe zingawononge kukula kwake kovuta.
Nsomba zimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana: lalanje, lofiira, loyera-loyera, lofiira-lakuda, lakuda, labuluu, chokoleti, bronze, loyera ndi siliva, calico.
Kusiyanitsa kotchuka komanso kokongola ndi oranda wofiira wokwera. Ndi nsomba yoyera, yotuluka kofiira yomwe imafanana ndi chipewa chofiira pamutu wa nsomba.
Zovuta pakukhutira
Nsombazo ndizosavuta kusunga, koma pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Choyambirira, muyenera kuganizira za kukula kwake, poyamba nsombazi zimangosungidwa m'madziwe.
Chachiwiri, ndiyotentha kwambiri kuposa nsomba zina zagolide. Ngati golide wamba amatha kukhala m'mayiwe otseguka m'nyengo yozizira, ndiye kuti ku oranda malire otsika kutentha amakhala pafupifupi 17 ° C. Omasuka 17-28 ° C.
Nsombazi zitha kulimbikitsidwa kwa oyamba kumene ngati angathe kuzipatsa kutentha kwabwino komanso kuchuluka kokwanira kwa aquarium.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Monga momwe zalembedwera pamwambapa, nsomba sizomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri ndipo ngakhale oyamba kumene amatha kuzisamalira bwino.
Komabe, aquarium iyenera kukhala yayikulu kukula. Momwemonso, kuyambira malita 300, ndiye kuti anthu angapo amatha kusungidwa.
Mfundo yachiwiri ndikupereka kusefa kwamphamvu. Nsomba zonse zagolide zimakonda kudya kwambiri, zimachita chimbudzi kwambiri ndikukumba pansi kwambiri. Chifukwa cha izi, zomera sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri m'madzi okhala ndi golide, okhawo odzichepetsa kwambiri.
Ndipo izi zimabweretsa kuchuluka kwa ma nitrate m'madzi ndi kufa kwa nsomba.
Zosefera zamphamvu zakunja komanso kusintha kwamadzi nthawi zonse kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yolimbana ndi nitrate. Kusintha kwabwino kwambiri ndi 25-30% ya voliyumu ya aquarium sabata. Ndipo musaiwale kuchotsa thupi zatsalira ndi dothi, siphon nthaka.
Mukamasankha dothi, muyenera kukumbukira kuti amakonda kufunafuna mmenemo. Chifukwa cha ichi, nthaka ya kachigawo kabwino kwambiri (amameza) ndipo yayikulu kwambiri (imavulaza kukula kwawo) siyabwino.
Zatchulidwa pamwambapa - kutentha kokwanira ndi 21-24 ° C, ngakhale nsomba zitha kupirira 17-28 ° C. Acidity ndi kuuma kwa madzi zilibe kanthu, muyenera kupewa mopambanitsa.
Kudyetsa
Mitundu yodzichepetsa kwambiri, yokhoza kudya mtundu uliwonse wa chakudya. Live, mazira, yokumba - chilichonse chingamugwirizane. Komabe, chakudya chabwino cha nsomba zagolide chimasankhidwa. Ali ndi vuto limodzi lokha - mtengo.
Kuchokera pa chakudya chamoyo, muyenera kudyetsa mosamala ndi ma virus a magazi. Oranda amatenthedwa kwambiri, ndipo gawo lawo logaya chakudya siligwirizana bwino ndi ma virus a magazi, omwe amatsogolera kudzimbidwa, kutupa ndi kufa kwa nsomba chifukwa cha izi.
Vuto lachiwiri ndikusakhutira kwawo. Nthawi zambiri, mwiniwake amataya nsomba zochepa mpaka atadziwe kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe akuyenera kudyetsa nthawi imodzi.
Goldfish imadya mopitirira muyeso ndikufa chifukwa cholephera kugaya chakudya chotere.
Ngakhale
Mwambiri, nsomba yosakhala yankhanza, m'malo mwake, imatha kuvutika ndi mitundu yofulumira komanso yolusa, monga Sumatran barbus. Komabe, samakhutitsidwa ndipo nthawi zina amatha kumeza nsomba zazing'ono, monga neon.
Zowonjezera ziwirizi, kuphatikiza zomwe zimapezeka, zimapangitsa kuti okonda masewera azisunga padera kapena ndi nsomba zina zagolide.
Mitundu ina ya golide ndiyabwino kwambiri, chifukwa imakhala mndende komanso machitidwe ofanana.
Nsomba zina zimagwira bwino ntchito ndi nsomba zazing'ono zankhondo, monga ancistrus.
Kusiyana kogonana
Osati kufotokozedwa. Mkazi amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi wamwamuna pokhapokha panthawi yobereka.
Kuswana
Zosavuta kwambiri, koma kuti mupange peyala, ndikofunikira kukweza mwachangu zambiri mumtambo wamba.
Amakula mpaka chaka chimodzi. Pakuswana, mumafunika aquarium yokhala ndi pafupifupi malita 50, koma makamaka yayikulu. Awiri kapena nsomba zingapo zimabzalidwa mmenemo ndipo zimadyetsedwa kwambiri ndi chakudya chamoyo.
Khoka loteteza kapena zomera zokhala ndi masamba odulidwa bwino, monga moss wa ku Javanese, zimayikidwa pansi. Makolo amakonda kudya mazira ndikuwachotsa atangobereka.
Monga lamulo, kubereka kumayamba m'mawa kwambiri. Mkazi amatha kutulutsa mazira masauzande angapo. Patangopita masiku ochepa, mwachangu amapangidwa kuchokera pamenepo, amasambira masiku 5 atabereka. Koma zambiri zimadalira kutentha kwa madzi.
Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuyang'anira caviar ndikuchotsa akufa ndi opanda chonde.
Fry yosambira imadyetsedwa ndi ma ciliates, ndipo akamakula, amasamutsidwa ku nauplia ya brine shrimp. Malek ikukula mofulumira.
