Harrier kapena Chingerezi hare hound (English Harrier) ndi mtundu wa agalu apakatikati ochokera pagulu la ma hound, omwe amakonda kusaka nyama ngati kuzitsata. Uwu ndi umodzi mwamitundu yakale kwambiri ku Britain hounds. Mtunduwo umakhala pakatikati pakukula ndi mawonekedwe pakati pa English Foxhound ndi Beagle.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Palibe mitundu yambiri ya agalu yomwe mbiri yake ndi yosadziwika komanso yotsutsana monga mbiri ya wolandirayo. Zambiri zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti ndi mbiri ya mtunduwu ndizopeka, zopanda maziko enieni.
Palibe kukayika kuti mtunduwu udapangidwa ku England, ndikuti cholinga chachikulu cha mtunduwo chinali kusaka kalulu, ndipo nthawi zina nkhandwe. Mwakuwoneka, kukhazikika komanso kutsimikiza mtima, mtunduwo ndi wofanana kwambiri ndi kachilombo. Agalu awiriwa ali ndi mbiri yofanana kwambiri. Tsoka ilo, mbiri ya beagle ndi yodabwitsa komanso yovuta monga mbiri ya kalulu.
Agalu ofanana ndi amakono akhala akupezeka kale ku British Isles. Pali umboni wina wakale wosonyeza kuti mitundu ya hound inali ya Aselote aku Britain asanafike Roma. Ngati ndi choncho, ndiye kuti chiyambi cha mtunduwo chiyenera kuti chinachitika zaka mazana angapo Khristu asanabadwe.
Tsoka ilo, umboniwu ndiwosamveka bwino, ndipo sizitanthauza kuti womenyerayo ndi mbadwa yachindunji ya agalu amenewa. Ngati agaluwa anali pano, sizinali zakusaka nyama kapena akalulu.
Ngakhale akalulu kapena abulu sanabadwa ku British Isles ndipo adayambitsidwa ndi Ufumu wa Roma kapena ogulitsa ubweya ku Middle Ages. Palinso umboni kuti palibe zamoyo zomwe zinali zochuluka mpaka zaka za m'ma 14 kapena 15.
M'zaka za m'ma Middle Ages, kusaka ndi hounds kunakhala masewera apamwamba a otchuka ku Europe. Kusaka ndi ma hound kunali kofunikira osati ngati njira yosangalalira, komanso ngati njira yolimbikitsira ubale, ndale komanso mabanja komanso kulumikizana. Zosankha zambiri zofunika zidakambidwa ndikupanga pomwe ambuye anali akusaka.
France inali yofunikira ku Europe yonse, idasanduka malo opangira kusaka ndi kusaka nyama. Nthawi ina pakati pa 750 ndi 900 AD, amonke a ku Monastery a Saint Hubert adakhazikitsa dongosolo lokonzekera bwino kuti apange hound yabwino. Zotsatira za ntchito yawo ndikupanga Bloodhound, ndipo chaka chilichonse mabanja angapo amatumizidwa kwa King of France ngati mphatso. Kenako mfumu yaku France idagawira agaluwa agalu ake, ndikufalitsa ku France konse. Kupambana kwa ma hound awa kwapangitsa alenje kudutsa France kufuna kupanga mitundu yawo yapadera ya agalu.
Mu 1066 England idalandidwa ndi a Normans, omwe anali mbadwa za ma Vikings omwe adakhazikika ku France ndikukhala achikhalidwe chachi France. Anthu aku Normans adakhudza kwambiri Chingerezi, chikhalidwe ndi ndale.
Amakhudzanso kusaka nyama kwa ma hinge achingerezi. Kusaka nyama ku Britain kwakhala kofunika kwambiri pachikhalidwe komanso kwakhala kofala kwambiri. Mwinanso chofunikira koposa, kuswana kwa hound ku England kwakhala kovomerezeka kwambiri, makamaka pakati pa olemekezeka. Amadziwika kuti a Normans adabweretsa mitundu ingapo ya hound nawo ku England, ngakhale omwe ali otsutsana.
Agalu achifalansa awa athandizira kusaka konse kwamtsogolo ku England, ngakhale kutsutsana kwakonso kumatsutsana. Ena amakhulupirira kuti agalu monga Harrier ndi Foxhound amachokera kwathunthu ku ma fulenchi aku France, pomwe ena amakhulupirira kuti ndi ochokera m'mitundu yonse yaku Britain ndi magazi ena aku France.
Zimadziwika kuti kwazaka zambiri pambuyo pa Norman Conquest, panali mitundu itatu yopanda ma hound yomwe sinathe, mwina mpaka ma 1800: hound wakumwera, hound wakumpoto, ndi talbot. Tsoka ilo, mafotokozedwe abwino kwambiri amitundu itatu yonseyi adayamba zaka za m'ma 1700 kapena pambuyo pake, pomwe agaluwa anali osowa kwambiri kapena mwina anali atatha.
Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa cholembacho kunawonekera pafupifupi zaka mazana awiri kuchokera pamene nkhondo ya Norman idawukira. Gulu limodzi linasungidwa ku England mu 1260. Ndizomveka kuti agalu osaka nyama zakutchire anali otchuka ku England panthawiyi, popeza akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti munthawi imeneyi pomwe ma hares ndi akalulu adayamba kudziwika bwino ndikuyamba kuchuluka.
Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti agaluwa sanali agalu amakono, koma anali agalu ena osaka omwe adagawana dzinali ndi amakono.
Koma izi sizokayikitsa... Ngati agalu awa ochokera mu 1260 anali makolo a harier amakono, izi zikutanthauza kuti mtunduwo uli ndi zaka pafupifupi 800. Monga dzinalo limatanthawuzira (English hare hound), ngakhale oyimilira oyambilira amtunduwu adapatsidwa mwayi wothamangitsa akalulu ndi akalulu.
Amakonda kunena kuti chowomberacho chidachokera ku English Foxhound. Iwo omwe amakhulupirira izi amaganiza kuti Ang'onoting'ono Achingelezi Achichepere adalumikizidwa limodzi ndipo mwina atasakanikirana ndi zikumbu kuti apange mawonekedwe ocheperako. Zachidziwikire, zotchingira ndi ma Foxhound achingerezi ndizofanana m'mawonekedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, adapangidwa limodzi kwazaka zambiri ndipo akupitilizabe kukhala ku England.
Komabe, a Foxhound sanabadwe mpaka zaka za m'ma 1500 ndi 1600, zaka zopitirira mazana awiri kuchokera pomwe zolemba zoyambilira zidayamba. Kuphatikiza apo, ena mwa iwo omwe aphunzira za chitukuko cha Foxhound amatchula kuti kalulu amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma Foxhound.
Zolepheretsa kwakhala kwachilendo pakati pa agalu osaka phukusi chifukwa ndi akulu komanso othamanga mokwanira kuti apite nawo mahatchi pakusaka mwachikhalidwe. Amakhalanso aluso mofanana pakusaka nkhandwe kapena akalulu. Kusinthasintha kumeneku, makamaka pankhani ya nyama, kwakhala kukuwapangitsa kukhala osiririka pakati pa alenje.
Komabe, agaluwa sathamanga ngati a Foxhound ndipo amathamanga kuposa Beagles ndipo amapatsa aliyense amene akuyesera kuwatsatira wapansi katundu wabwino. Kuperewera kwamaluso kulikonse kudachepetsa kutchuka kwawo kwanthawi yayitali.
Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1700, oweta ambiri amasunga agalu awo molondola ndikupanga mabuku. Izi zidathandizira kuti akhale ndi mbiri yabwino. Awa anali mbiri yoyamba kuswana kwa agalu ndipo anali otsogola amakalabu amakono a kennel.
Pofika nthawi imeneyo, zotchinga zinali zitapangidwa kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo mwina kupitilira apo. Komabe, palibe zolembedwa zomwe zimasungidwa. Kuyambira m'ma 1800, obereketsa aliyense anayamba kusunga zolemba zolondola. Association of Harriers and Beagle Owner (AMHB) idapangidwa mu Marichi 1891. Ntchito zoyambirira zomwe bungwe loyendetsa ntchito likuyendetsa linali kusindikiza bukuli mu 1891 ndikuyamba chiwonetsero ku Peterborough mu 1892.
Poyamba, zotchinga zinali zotchuka kwambiri komanso zochulukirapo kuposa tizilomboto tating'onoting'ono. Komabe, popita nthawi, izi zasintha kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti kachilomboko kamakhala kofala kwambiri ku England kuposa ku United States ndi madera ena padziko lapansi, kofala kwambiri mdziko lakwawo kuposa komwe kumabisala.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, womenyerayo sanazindikiridwe kuti ndi kalabu yayikulu ku United Kingdom, ndipo palibe amene adalembetsedwa kuyambira 1971.
Harrier sinakhale yotchuka mphete zowonetsera kapena ngati nyama yothandizana nayo. Uwu ndi mtundu wosaka modutsa. Mosiyana ndi Foxhound ndi Beagle, chotsekeracho sichinakhale chotchuka kunja kwa England. Kupatula kwakanthawi kochepa koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1900 ku America, cholowacho sichinkakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu akulu kunja kwa England ndi Ireland.
Komabe, mtunduwu wakhalabe galu wamba wosaka kwawo kwazaka zambiri. Kusintha kwa chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu kwachititsa kuti chiwerengerochi chikucheperachepera kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, ndipo tsopano pali agalu wachisanu okha ku England omwe anali zaka zana zapitazo.
Kufotokozera
Chombocho chimawoneka ngati cholumikizira chapakati pakati pa beagle ndi foxhound. Uku ndiye mawonekedwe agalu wapakatikati, amuna ndi akazi omwe amafota ndi 48-50 + 5 cm ndipo amalemera 20-27 kg. Ayenera kukhala olimba kwambiri ndipo amawoneka olimba komanso athanzi, ngakhale osakawo atha kuwoneka ochepera pang'ono.
Pakamwa pake pamakhala ngati hound wachingerezi. Agaluwa amakhala ndi zotumphukira zazitali kuposa zimbalangondo, koma zazifupi kuposa ma Foxhound. Agalu ambiri amakhala ndi maso akuda, koma agalu opepuka amatha kukhala ndi maso owala. Makutu ali pansi. Mwambiri, galu ali ndi pakamwa paphokoso, ochezeka komanso ochepetsera pang'ono.
Galu ali ndi malaya amfupi, osalala, pafupifupi ofanana ndi a chikumbu. Tsitsi m'makutu nthawi zambiri limakhala locheperako komanso lalifupi kuposa thupi lonse. Kawirikawiri amati hound wabwino akhoza kukhala wamtundu uliwonse. Mtundu suwonedwa kuti ndiwofunika kwambiri pamitundu yamagulu ndipo agaluwa amatha kubwera m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ambiri amakhala ndi tricolor, nthawi zambiri okhala ndi chishalo chakuda kumbuyo.
Thupi ndi labwino komanso lolimba. Uwu ndi mtundu wodzipereka wosaka ndipo uyenera kuwoneka ngati wotere.
Khalidwe
Ngakhale chotchinjirizira sichidziwika kwenikweni, chimafanana kwambiri ndi kachilomboka kakang'ono komanso kotchuka kwambiri.
Agaluwa amadziwika chifukwa cha kukoma mtima kwawo kwapadera komanso kukonda anthu. Amafuna kukhala m'gululi nthawi zonse, ndipo amafunitsitsa kulandira anthu ambiri ngati mamembala awo ndikuchita mwachangu. Makamaka, amadziwika kuti ndi ololera komanso okonda ana.
Zolepheretsa zili ndi mbiri yakukhala imodzi mwazabwino kwambiri za ana.
Ngakhale mtunduwu umachenjeza eni ake za njira yachilendo, sungagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mlonda. Kungakhale chisankho chomvetsa chisoni kwambiri, chifukwa galu woyang'anira wotereyu atha kubwera ndikunyambita wina m'malo moukira. Ena amatha kuchita mantha ndi anthu atsopano, koma nthawi zambiri samachita ndewu.
Ngati mukuyang'ana galu wabanja yemwe, akacheza bwino, alandila alendo ndi oyandikana nawo mosangalala, Harrier itha kukhala chisankho chabwino. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti cholowacho chimakhala chokwanira pamagulu kotero kuti mtunduwo umagwira ntchito yolemetsa kwambiri ukangosiyidwa wokha. Ngati muyenera kusiya galu wanu kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti Harrier si mtundu wabwino kwambiri kwa inu.
Mitunduyi yakhalapo ngati wosaka paketi kwazaka zambiri, nthawi zambiri imagwira ntchito limodzi ndi agalu 50 kapena kupitilira apo. Zotsatira zake, amakhala bwino ndi agalu ena. M'malo mwake, miyezo ina ya kubadwa imanena kuti nkhanza zilizonse sizovomerezeka pamizere. Ambiri amafunafuna kucheza ndi agalu ena ndipo amakhala osangalala atagawana nawo moyo wawo.
Ambiri ochita zokometsera amalangiza eni ake kuti atenge osachepera mnzake wina wa canine. Ngati mukufuna kubweretsa galu wanu mnyumba ndi agalu ena, pali mitundu ingapo yomwe ili yoyenera kuposa yobisalira. Komabe, nthawi zonse kumakhala kofunikira kusamala mukamabweretsa agalu awiri atsopano, ndipo kuwongolera ndikuwopseza kuyenera kuyembekezereka akamazindikira olamulira.
Ngakhale Harrier amadziwika kuti amakonda kwambiri anthu komanso agalu ena, siyabwino kusankha kucheza ndi ziweto zina zomwe sizili galu. Agalu awa akhala akuweta kusaka ndi kupha nyama zazing'ono (makamaka akalulu) kwazaka zambiri. B
Agalu ambiri omwe alipo masiku ano saliposa mibadwo iwiri kutali ndi mapaketi osakira ndipo amasungabe nyama yolimbayi. Izi sizitanthauza kuti galu sangakhale limodzi ndi nyama zina kuti azikhala bwino. Zaka mazana ambiri zogwirizana kwambiri pakati pawo ndi akavalo zimatsutsa izi.
Ingokumbukirani kuti maphunziro ndi mayanjano ndizofunikira, ndikuti wotsekerayo, yemwe ndi mnzake wapamtima wa mphaka yemwe amakhala mnyumba mwake, amatha kuthamangitsa katsamba ka mnzake. Ngakhale ilibe mtundu waukulu, ndiyedi yayikulu komanso yamphamvu mokwanira kupatsa kuvulala koopsa ndipo mwina kupha mphaka.
Ngakhale anali wokhulupirika kwa anthu komanso wanzeru zodabwitsa, Harrier amatha kukhala galu wovuta kwambiri kuti amuphunzitse. Adabadwa kuti azisaka nyama kwa maola ambiri, osayima kapena kusiya. Zotsatira zake, mtunduwu ndiwotsimikiza kwambiri komanso wamakani.
Ngati mwazolowera kuphunzitsa mitundu monga Labrador Retriever kapena Germany Shepherd, chotchinjiracho chimatha kukupweteketsani mtima kwambiri. Agaluwa akhoza kuphunzitsidwa, koma muyenera kuwononga nthawi yambiri ndikuchita khama kuwaphunzitsa kuposa kuphunzitsa galu womvera kwambiri. Ngakhale zopinga zophunzitsidwa bwino kwambiri zimakhala ndi chizolowezi chofuna kuchita zomwe zikufuna ndipo ndizodziwika kuti ndizosankha kumvera.
Eni ake nthawi zambiri samapeza zotsatira zophunzirira zomwe amafunadi. Ngati mukufuna mtundu womvera kwambiri, muyenera kuyang'ana kwina. Chimodzi mwamalangizo ophunzitsira ndikuti pali mitundu yocheperako yomwe imalimbikitsidwa kudya ngati Harrier. Malangizo aliwonse agaluwa ayenera kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri.
Monga ma hound ena ambiri, chotchinjirizira sichikhala chodekha mukakhala m'nyumba. Komabe, izi sizitanthauza kuti mtunduwo ndi waulesi. Amatha kugwira ntchito mwachangu kwa maola angapo.
Ndi nyama zothamanga zomwe zimatha kukhala ndi mphamvu komanso kupirira modabwitsa. Muyenera kuwapatsa katundu wofunikira. Kuyenda pafupipafupi, kotalikirapo, ndikofunikira, ndipo kumathamanga bwino. Ngati hound sanaphunzitsidwe bwino, amatha kukhala wotopetsa, mawu komanso kuwononga.
Agaluwa adagwidwa kuti atenge njirayo ndikutsatira. Adzatsatira mphuno zawo pafupifupi kulikonse, osalola chilichonse kuti chiwasokoneze. Agaluwa amathanso kuthamanga mtunda wautali modabwitsa ndipo amatha kukhala mamailoji.
Harrier amakonda kunyalanyaza mayitanidwe oti abwerere, ndipo atha kuwanyalanyaza. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti agalu awa azikhala ndi leash nthawi zonse pomwe alibe malo achitetezo.
Ndikofunika kuti mpanda uliwonse ukhale wotetezeka chifukwa ali anzeru mokwanira ndipo amatha kuyenda modutsa, pansi kapena pamwamba pa mipanda yambiri.
Ndi agalu olankhula. Alenje ambiri amaganiza kuti chowasakazacho ndi imodzi mwa agalu okongola kwambiri. Komabe, mumzinda wamakono, izi zitha kuyambitsa mavuto. Ngakhale galu wophunzitsidwa bwino komanso wolimbikitsidwa amatha kumveka kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina iliyonse.
Pali zovuta zina zambiri zodziwika bwino pamakhalidwe. Anthu ambiri amakonda kukumba ndikuwononga dimba lanu. Adzapeza ndikudya chakudya chilichonse chomwe angafikeko. Eni ake akuyenera kusamala kwambiri kuti asasunge chakudya chawo.
Chisamaliro
Chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri zosamalira. Mtunduwo safuna kudzikongoletsa mwaukadaulo, ndipo ambiri amangofunika kutsuka pafupipafupi. Izi sizitanthauza kuti mtunduwo sukhetsa.
Ambiri amakhetsa pang'ono, koma ena amatha kukhetsa kwambiri, makamaka kumadera otentha. Ngati inu kapena wachibale wanu muli ndi chifuwa, kapena simungathe kuthana ndi lingaliro la tsitsi lagalu, ndiye kuti mtunduwu mwina siwoyenera kwambiri kwa inu.
Eni ake akuyenera kuyang'anitsitsa makutu amtunduwu. Monga mitundu yambiri yamakutu, amakhala ndi chizolowezi chodana ndi kunyansidwa m'makutu mwawo. Izi zitha kubweretsa matenda amkhutu komanso kusapeza bwino. Pofuna kupewa izi, muyenera kuyeretsa makutu anu nthawi zonse.
Zaumoyo
Mtundu wathanzi kwambiri. Agaluwa amasungidwa pafupifupi ngati nyama zamasewera kwazaka zambiri.Matenda aliwonse amtundu wa galu amatha kupangitsa galu kulephera kugwira ntchito zake ndipo sangatengeke pagulu loswana.
Nthawi yayitali ndi zaka 12 mpaka 15, zomwe ndi zaka zolemekezeka kwambiri kwa galu wamkulu uyu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mtunduwo suli pachiwopsezo cha matenda obadwa nawo.
Matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri omwe amabwera chifukwa cha chibadwa ndi hip dysplasia, yomwe imadziwikanso m'mitundu ina yambiri.
Hip dysplasia imayamba chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa chiuno. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira pang'ono mpaka zovuta kwambiri. Nthawi zoyipa kwambiri, chiuno cha dysplasia chimatha kubweretsa kupunduka.
