Tikatchula ziweto, chinthu choyamba chomwe chimabwera m'maganizo ndi galu kapena mphaka, mwina parrot. Palinso, mtundu wina womwe umalengeza mwakachetechete kuti ndiwowonjezera wokongola panyumba. Nayi lingaliro: Amakhala munthawi ya Jurassic ndipo adalipo kale mwa zokwawa zakale kwambiri: ng'ona ndi njoka.
Kamba wosafulumira, wofatsa ndi zomwe tikukamba. Poganizira za chiweto, kamba ndi chisankho chosangalatsa. Osati aliyense ali ndi zokwawa kunyumba, zomwe zimangowonjezera kulimba chinthu cha mwini malo. Chifukwa chachiwiri ndikuti mawonekedwe osangalatsa a akamba amalola ngakhale ana kuwasamalira.
Makutu ofiira
Kamba ali ndi mzere waukulu kwambiri wofiira kapena lalanje (wocheperako chikaso) kuseri kwa diso lililonse. Mikwingwirima yayikulu (ikawonedwa kuchokera mbali) ilipo pa carapace, pulasitala wachikaso amakhala ndi mawanga ozungulira kapena alibe, ndipo mikwingwirima yachikaso yopapatiza imakongoletsa kutsogolo kwa miyendo yakutsogolo.
Trionix Chinese kapena Far East
Olive imvi kapena bulauni wobiriwira pamtundu wokhala ndi madontho ambiri achikaso kapena achikaso pamiyendo yakuda mwa achinyamata. Mawanga achikasu amatha msinkhu. Akamba achikulire alibe chipolopolo cha azitona chofananira.
Caspian
Maolivi a Carapace kukhala akuda, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mtundu wachikasu / poterera pamavuto. Mphuno yam'madzi imawonekera kwambiri mwa nyama zazing'ono, zopanda zingwe m'mphepete mwake. Plastron ili ndi notch kumbuyo, zolemba zakuda-chikasu, mawanga achikasu ofiira kapena abulauni.
Silt loggerhead
Mtundu waukulu wa carapace wonyezimira wokhala ndi dome lalitali ndi wakuda wa azitona, waimvi kapena wa azitona. Kamba kali ndi pulasitoni yaying'ono. Masamba otambalala ndi akuda kuposa nembanemba yoyandikana nayo. Katundu wa nyama zakale atha kuzindikirika.
Dambo laku Europe
Mitunduyi imafunikira mitundu iwiri yokhalamo: yam'madzi ndi yapadziko lapansi. Akambawa amangodya m'madzi okha, chifukwa chake amadalira kwathunthu matupi amadzi. Akamba amakhala m'mayiwe ang'onoang'ono komanso akulu (50-5000 m2) okhala ndi madzi osefukira komanso oyandama.
Mitundu ya akamba ang'onoang'ono
Zitatu-keel
Fulu laling'ono, bulauni kapena mtundu wakuda wa chipolopolo, zimatengera mtundu. Thupi lake ndi laimvi kapena labulauni. Mutu ndi wobiriwira mdima, wokhala ndi mikwingwirima ya mizere yotuwa ya beige. Ndi akamba odya kwambiri, koma akamakula, amakonda kwambiri mbewu zawo pazakudya zawo.
Musky
Akamba ang'onoang'ono (5-12 cm) okhala ndi zofiirira zakuda kapena zipolopolo zakuda, mikwingwirima kapena mawanga. Pali mikwingwirima iwiri yosiyana pamutu ndi matayala pachibwano ndi pakhosi. Amakhala m'matupi osazama amadzi okhala ndi madzi ofooka, zomera zam'madzi zochuluka komanso pansi pofewa.
Amawonongeka
Akambawa ndi ochepa, 9-11.5 cm, akuda ndi mawanga achikasu. Zitsamba nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi malo amodzi pa chipolopolocho; mitundu ya achikulire imasiyana. Chipolopolocho chimakhala chofewa; lalanje kapena lachikasu limapezeka pamutu, m'khosi ndi m'mapazi.
Dziwe Reeves
Chigoba cha kamba chimakhala chamakona anayi. Carapace ili ndi ma keel atatu omwe amayenda kutalika konse. Amakhala ocheperako pamene kamba amakula ndipo ma keel amatopa pakapita nthawi. Plastron yazimayi ndiyopendekera pang'ono kapena mosabisa, pomwe yamphongo ndi concave.
Kutseka akamba
Musk keel
Mitunduyi imakhala yamadzi kwathunthu, koma akamba nthawi zina amatuluka m'madzi kuti adziwike. Ali ndi mutu wotupa, wokulirapo komanso khosi lalitali. Amakhalanso ndi mlomo wowongoka komanso miyendo yayifupi. Ndipo akamba awa ali ndi keel lakuthwa lomwe limayenda pakati komanso kutalika konse kwa chipolopolocho.
Kamba wamatope ofiira
Akamba amakhala m'mayiwe, madzi amadzimadzi omwe alibe komanso opanda zomera, ngakhale amakonda maiwe okhala ndiudzu waukulu. Mwachilengedwe, amakhala m'mitsinje, amakonda madzi oyera oyera. Amakonda mchenga ndi zonyansa, chifukwa amabisala, kubisala m'matope.
Wamtali wachikasu
Akamba okongola amapezeka m'madzi odekha okhala ndi zofewa. Matupi awo ndiatali komanso opapatiza, zipolopolo zake ndi zofiirira, mtundu wamutu ndi woyera kapena wachikasu. Amatseka kwathunthu mkati mwa zipolopolo zawo. Amangofunika malo osambiramo ochepa ndipo sagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse.
Lathyathyathya
Kamba kakang'ono kakang'ono, kakuda, kopanda kanthu kokhala ndi chipolopolo chokha cha 145-200 mm kutalika. Carapace yosalala ili ndi poyambira pakatikati kapena kukhumudwa komwe kumazungulira ndi mizere ikuluikulu (keels), ndipo plastron yayikulu imakhala yakuda kapena yakuda.
Mitundu ya akamba amtunda
Ku Central Asia
Mtundu wa carapace umayambira bulauni wonyezimira komanso wobiriwira wachikaso mpaka maolivi, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zilembo zofiirira kapena zakuda pama scuti akuluakulu. Plastron imakutidwa ndi bulauni kapena malo akuda pa scutellum iliyonse, ndipo nthawi zina imakhala yakuda kwenikweni.
Star kapena Indian
Mtundu wa carapace ndi kirimu wonyezimira kapena wakuda wachikasu bulauni. Zazimayi ndizazungulira ndipo zimakhala ndi mchira wocheperako kuposa wamphongo. Zina mwazithunzi: champhongo chimakhala ndi pulasitala wa concave, chachikazi chimakhala chophwatalala. Mwa akazi, kusiyana pakati pa mbale ya anal ndi supracaudal ndikokulirapo.
Mediterranean
Kamba kamakhala ndi kamphongo kakang'ono pa chikazi chilichonse ndi mbale imodzi yopambana. M'malo mwake masikelo kutsogolo kwa ziwunozo. Mtundu wa carapace ndichikasu, lalanje, bulauni kapena wakuda ndipo, monga kutalika kwa carapace, zimatengera subspecies.
Wachiigupto
Chipolopolocho ndichimvi, minyanga ya njovu kapena golide wakuya; thupi la kamba nthawi zambiri limakhala lachikasu. Carapace imakhala ndi zipsera zakuda kapena zakuda kutsogolo ndi mbali za carapace iliyonse. Mtundu wakuda wakudawu umatha ndi ukalamba mpaka mthunzi wowala.
Balkan
Carapace yokhotakhota, yozungulira imakhala ndi chikasu chachikuda pamiyala yakuda. Plastron imakongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima iwiri yakuda m'mbali mwa msoko wapakati. Mtundu wamutu ndi maolivi kapena wachikasu wokhala ndi mawanga akuda. Akamba ambiri amakhalanso ndi mawanga achikasu pafupi ndi pakamwa pawo.
Mapeto
Akamba amasungidwa ngati ziweto ndikusankha mitundu yoyenera ndichisankho chofunikira. Onetsetsani kuti mukufuna chokwawa. Amakhala nthawi yayitali, chifukwa chake kamba yomwe mumasankha ikuyenera kukhala chiweto kwa zaka zikubwerazi.
Njira ina yowonera zosangalatsa: Tiyerekeze kuti wachinyamata ali ndi zaka 16 ndipo adapatsidwa kamba wachichepere. Ngati amusamalira bwino, ndiye kuti nthawi ipita, adzakhala ndi banja ndi ana, kapena mwina adzukulu ndi mboni za zonsezi - kamba! Uwu ndiudindo waukulu komanso kudzipereka kwanthawi yayitali, onetsetsani kuti izi ndi zomwe mukufuna musanagule kamba wanu.
