Kiev ili pa 29th pamndandanda wamizinda yoyipitsidwa padziko lapansi. Likulu la Ukraine lili ndi mavuto ndi mpweya ndi madzi, mafakitale ndi zinyalala zapakhomo zimasokoneza, pali chiwopsezo chowononga zomera ndi nyama.
Kuwononga mpweya
Akatswiri amapenda kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa mpweya ku Kiev monga pamwambapa. Zina mwa zovuta zomwe zili mgululi ndi izi:
- mpweya waipitsidwa ndi mpweya wotulutsa mpweya ndi ma carcinogen ochokera ku mafuta;
- pali zinthu zowopsa zoposa 20 zomwe zili mumlengalenga;
- utsi umapangidwa pamwamba pa mzindawo;
- mabizinezi ambiri amasuta mlengalenga - kuwotcha zinyalala, zachitsulo, zomangamanga, mphamvu, chakudya.
Malo onyansa kwambiri ku Kiev agona pafupi ndi misewu ikuluikulu ndi mphambano. Pali mpweya wabwino m'dera la Hydropark, ku National Expocentre komanso mumsewu wa Nauki. Mlengalenga wowonongeka kwambiri kuyambira pa Marichi mpaka Ogasiti.
Kuwononga madzi ku Kiev
Malinga ndi ziwerengero, anthu aku Kiev amadya madzi akumwa pafupifupi 1 biliyoni mita pachaka. Magwero ake amamwa madzi monga Dnieper ndi Desnyansky. Akatswiri amati m'malo amenewa madzi amaipitsidwa pang'ono, ndipo m'malo ena amati ndi odetsedwa.
Zonyansa m'madzi zimathandizira kukalamba, kulepheretsa zochita za anthu, ndipo zinthu zina zimayambitsa kuchepa kwamaganizidwe.
Ponena za dongosolo la zimbudzi, madzi otaya amathiriridwa mumitsinje ya Syrets ndi Lybed, komanso mu Dnieper. Ngati tizingolankhula za kayendedwe ka zimbudzi ku Kiev, ndiye kuti zida zake zatha kwambiri ndipo zili pamavuto. Ma netiweki ena akugwirabe ntchito, omwe adayamba kugwira ntchito mu 1872. Zonsezi zitha kupangitsa kuti kusefukira kwa mzindawu. Pali kuthekera kwakukulu kwangozi yomwe ingachitike mwadzidzidzi ku Bortnicheskaya aeration station.
Mavuto a zomera ndi zinyama za Kiev
Kiev yazunguliridwa ndi malo obiriwira ndipo nkhalango ili mozungulira. Madera ena amakhala ndi nkhalango zosakanikirana, ena amakhala ndi ma conifers, ndipo ena amakhala ndi nkhalango zazitali. Palinso gawo la nkhalango. Mzindawu uli ndi malo ambiri opangira nkhalango zachilengedwe.
Vuto lazomera ku Kiev ndikuti nthawi zambiri mitengo imadulidwa mosaloledwa, ndipo madera amaperekedwa kuti akwaniritse ntchito zamalonda.
Mitundu yoposa 25 yazomera ili pangozi. Iwo ali m'gulu la Red Book la Ukraine.
Ku Kiev, mbewu za ragweed komanso zowopsa zimakula, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, pollenosis, mphumu. Koposa zonse amakulira ku Left Bank, m'malo ena ku Right Bank. Palibe mbewu zowopsa kupatula pakatikati pa mzindawu.
Kwa zaka 40-50 mwa mitundu 83 ya nyama zomwe zimakhala ku Kiev ndipo zidatchulidwa mu Red Book, theka la mndandandawu lawonongedwa kale. Izi zimathandizidwa ndikukula kwa tawuni, zomwe zikutanthauza kuchepetsa malo okhala nyama. Pali mitundu ina yomwe idazolowera kukhala m'mizinda, mwachitsanzo, ma centipedes, zitsamba zam'madzi, zikopa zobiriwira, makoswe. Ku Kiev, agologolo ambiri amakhala, pali mileme, ma moles, ma hedgehogs. Ngati tikulankhula za mbalame, ndiye kuti mitundu 110 ya mbalame imakhala ku Kiev, ndipo pafupifupi zonse zimatetezedwa. Chifukwa chake mumzindawu mutha kupeza cheglik, nightingale, wagtail wachikaso, mpheta, mawere, njiwa, ndi akhwangwala.
Vuto lazachilengedwe la Kiev - chomera Radical
Vuto lachilengedwe ku Poznyaky ndi Kharkiv
Mavuto ena
Vuto la zinyalala zapakhomo ndizofunikira kwambiri. Pali malo otayira zinyalala mkati mwa mzindawo, momwe zinyalala zambiri zimasonkhanitsira. Zinthuzi zimawonongeka kwa zaka mazana angapo, zimatulutsa poizoni, zomwe zimawononga nthaka, madzi, ndi mpweya. Vuto lina ndi kuwonongeka kwa radiation. Ngozi yomwe idachitika pamalo opangira magetsi a nyukiliya ku Chernobyl mu 1986 idawononga chilengedwe. Zonsezi zachititsa kuti zachilengedwe ku Kiev zawonongeka kwambiri. Nzika za mzindawu ziyenera kulingalira mozama za izi, zisinthe kwambiri mfundo zawo ndi zochita zawo za tsiku ndi tsiku, zisanathe.
