Crimea ili ndi malo apadera komanso mawonekedwe apadera, koma chifukwa chantchito yamphamvu ya anthu, zachilengedwe za pachilumbachi zimapweteketsa kwambiri, zimawononga mpweya, madzi, nthaka, zimachepetsa zamoyo zosiyanasiyana, komanso zimachepetsa malo a zomera ndi zinyama.
Mavuto owononga nthaka
Chigawo chachikulu kwambiri cha chilumba cha Crimea chimakhala ndi steppes, koma pakukula kwachuma, magawo ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngatiulimi komanso malo odyetserako ziweto. Zonsezi zimabweretsa zotsatirazi:
- mchere wamchere;
- kukokoloka kwa nthaka;
- kuchepa kubereka.
Kusintha kwazinthu zanthaka kunathandizidwanso ndikupanga njira za ngalande zamadzi. Madera ena adayamba kulandira chinyezi chopitilira muyeso, motero njira yolowera madzi imachitika. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi ma agrochemicals omwe amaipitsa nthaka ndi madzi apansi panthaka kumakhudzanso mkhalidwe wa nthaka.
Mavuto a m'nyanja
Crimea imatsukidwa ndi nyanja ya Azov ndi Black. Madzi awa alinso ndi zovuta zingapo zachilengedwe:
- kuipitsa madzi ndi mafuta;
- eutrophication madzi;
- kuchepetsa mitundu ya mitundu;
- Kutaya madzi ndi zinyalala zapakhomo ndi zamakampani;
- Mitundu yachilendo ya zomera ndi zinyama imapezeka m'madzi.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti gombelo ladzaza kwambiri ndi malo okopa alendo komanso zomangamanga, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa gombe. Komanso, anthu samatsatira malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito nyanja, amathetsa zachilengedwe.
Zovuta za zinyalala ndi zinyalala
Monga madera osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi, ku Crimea pali vuto lalikulu la zinyalala zamatauni ndi zinyalala, komanso zinyalala za mafakitale ndi ngalande zonyansa. Aliyense amangoyala apa: onse okhala m'mizinda komanso alendo. Pafupifupi palibe amene amasamala za kuyera kwa chilengedwe. Koma zinyalala zolowa m'madzi zimabweretsa imfa ku nyama. Pulasitiki yotayidwa, polyethylene, magalasi, matewera ndi zinyalala zina zasinthidwa mwachilengedwe kwazaka mazana ambiri. Chifukwa chake, malowa posachedwa asanduka malo otayira.
Vuto lakupha
Mitundu yambiri ya nyama zamtchire imakhala ku Crimea, ndipo zina mwazo ndizosowa ndipo zalembedwa mu Red Book. Tsoka ilo, osaka nyama mosaka nyama amawasaka kuti apeze phindu. Umu ndi momwe kuchuluka kwa nyama ndi mbalame zikuchepera, pomwe osaka nyama osaloledwa amagwira ndi kupha nyama nthawi iliyonse pachaka, ngakhale ataswa.
Si mavuto onse azachilengedwe a Crimea omwe afotokozedwa pamwambapa. Kuti ateteze chilumbachi, anthu akuyenera kuganiziranso mozama zochita zawo, kusintha zachuma ndikuchita zachilengedwe.
