Lingaliro lachilengedwe monga sayansi linayambira ku United States, popeza ndi mdziko muno momwe anthu adazindikira koyamba zotsatira za malingaliro a wogula pazachilengedwe. M'zaka za zana la makumi awiri, madera ena otukuka anali pamphepete mwa masoka achilengedwe chifukwa cha izi:
- migodi;
- kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto;
- umuna wa zinyalala za mafakitale;
- kuwotcha magetsi;
- kudula mitengo mwachangu, ndi zina.
Zonsezi sizinawoneke ngati zowopsa pakadali pano. Pambuyo pake, aliyense anazindikira kuti chitukuko cha mafakitale chimasokoneza thanzi la anthu ndi nyama, komanso chikuwononga chilengedwe. Pambuyo pake, akatswiri odziyimira pawokha, limodzi ndi asayansi, adatsimikizira kuti kuipitsa madzi, mpweya ndi nthaka kumavulaza zamoyo zonse. Kuyambira pamenepo, US idayamba pulogalamu yachuma.
Makampani
Makampani adziko lino ali ndi zovuta zoyipa chifukwa cha chilengedwe. Chifukwa cha kutukuka kwake komanso mpikisano, United States ili ndiudindo wapamwamba m'malo ngati magalimoto, zomangamanga, zomangamanga, zamankhwala ndi ulimi, komanso chakudya, mankhwala, migodi, zamagetsi ndi mitundu ina yamafakitale. Zonsezi zimasokoneza chilengedwe komanso zimawononga kwambiri.
Vuto lalikulu la mabizinesi amakampani ndikutulutsa zinthu zapoizoni mumlengalenga. Kuphatikiza pa kuti zikhalidwe zovomerezeka kwambiri zimapitilizidwa kangapo, kutulutsa kwa mankhwala ndi kwamphamvu ndipo ngakhale pang'ono pokha kumatha kuvulaza kwambiri. Kuyeretsa ndi kusefera ndizosauka (izi zimathandiza kusunga ndalama kubizinesi). Zotsatira zake, zinthu monga chromium, zinc, lead, ndi zina zambiri zimalowa mlengalenga.
Vuto lowononga mpweya
Limodzi mwa mavuto akulu kwambiri ku America ndi kuwonongeka kwa mpweya, komwe kumafala m'mizinda ikuluikulu mdzikolo. Monga kwina kulikonse, magwero a kuipitsa ndi magalimoto ndi mafakitale. Atsogoleri andale otsogola aboma akuti vutoli liyenera kuthetsedwa ndi sayansi, ndiye kuti, ndikupanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje opanga zinthu zachilengedwe. Mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana amachitikanso kuti achepetse utsi ndi mpweya.
Akatswiri amati kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino padzikoli, pakufunika kusintha maziko azachuma, m'malo mwa malasha, mafuta ndi gasi, kuti apeze magwero ena amagetsi, makamaka omwe angapitsidwenso.
Kuphatikiza apo, ma megacities tsiku lililonse "amakula" mochulukirachulukira ndipo anthu amakhala mosalekeza mu utsi wopangidwa ndimayendedwe opitilira a magalimoto komanso ntchito zamabizinesi. Pakumangika kwamoyo wamatawuni, munthu samvera chidwi pazovuta zomwe sizingakonzeke zomwe zimachitika m'chilengedwe. Koma, mwatsoka, m'masiku athu ano amakonda chitukuko cha zachuma, kukankhira kumbuyo mavuto azachilengedwe.
Kuwonongeka kwa Hydrosphere
Mafakitale ndiwo gwero lalikulu la kuipitsa madzi ku United States. Mabizinesi amatulutsa madzi akuda komanso a poizoni m'madzi ndi mitsinje yadzikolo. Chifukwa cha izi, nyama zanyama sizikhala pamakilomita angapo. Izi ndichifukwa chakulowetsedwa kwa ma emulsions osiyanasiyana, mayankho a acidic ndi mankhwala ena owopsa m'madzi. Simungathe ngakhale kusambira m'madzi otere, osanenapo kuwagwiritsa ntchito.
Vuto la zinyalala zolimba zaboma
Vuto lina lofunika lachilengedwe ku United States ndi vuto la zinyalala zolimba zam'mizinda (MSW). Pakadali pano, dzikolo limapanga zinyalala zambiri. Pofuna kuchepetsa mavoliyumu awo, kupanga zinthu zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kumachitika ku America. Pazifukwa izi, makina osonkhanitsira zinyalala osiyana ndi malo osonkhanitsira zinthu zosiyanasiyana, makamaka mapepala ndi magalasi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Palinso mafakitale omwe amapanga zitsulo, ndipo amatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito mtsogolo.
Zipangizo zanyumba zoduka komanso zogwira ntchito, zomwe pazifukwa zina zimathera pompopompo, zimawononga chilengedwe (monga zinthu monga TV, uvuni wa mayikirowevu, makina ochapira ndi zida zina zazing'ono). Pazotayira, mutha kupezanso zinyalala zambiri, zomangamanga ndi zinthu zotha ntchito (zosafunikira) zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mgulu lantchito ndi malonda.
Kuwonongeka kwa dziko lapansi ndi zinyalala ndi kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe zimadalira osati pamakampani ogulitsa mafakitale, komanso kwa munthu aliyense makamaka. Thumba lililonse la pulasitiki lodzaza zinyalala limapangitsa kuti zinthu ziipireipire.
Chifukwa chake, pali zovuta zingapo zachilengedwe ku United States of America, ndipo takambirana zazikuluzikulu. Pofuna kukonza chilengedwe, ndikofunikira kusamutsira chuma pamlingo wina ndikugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje anzeru omwe angachepetse mpweya komanso kuipitsa chilengedwe.
