Chanterelles ndi imodzi mwa bowa wofunikira kwambiri posankha. Amakula padera, obalalika m'magulu, ndipo nthawi zina amapanga mabanja akulu m'nkhalango. Mnofu wa bowa ndi wandiweyani, wolimba, kununkhira kuli kofanana ndi apurikoti. Chanterelles ndi amodzi mwa bowa wochuluka kwambiri ndipo ali ndi mitundu yambiri. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kusiyanitsa mitundu yazachilengedwe, ambiri, ma chanterelles ndiosavuta kuzindikira.
Zosiyana ndi bowa la chanterelle
Mitundu yonse ya bowa imakhala ndi mutu wopangidwa ndi faneli mpaka 10 cm m'mimba mwake wokhala ndi wavy, m'mbali mwake. Mtunduwo umakhala wonyezimira mpaka wakuda. Mukamakula m'magulu, monga momwe zimakhalira, miyendo imakhota ndipo nthawi zina imalumikizana m'munsi mwa mycelium. Mitsempha pa tsinde ndi yolimba ndipo imatsikira tsinde. Mawonekedwe awo ndi owongoka palimodzi mwendo wonse, koma mitsempha imagundika ndipo imachimwira pafupi ndi kapu. Chanterelles amakula msinkhu kuyambira 6 mpaka 9 cm.
Zojambula za Spore: kuyambira pachikaso choyera mpaka choyera poterera, nthawi zina ndimayendedwe ofiira pang'ono. Mphunoyi imagawanika, mtundu wofanana ndi bowa wonse. Ndiwowongoka kapena owongolera ndipo nthawi zonse amatsikira tsinde.
Kumene ma chanterelles amakula
Bowa amapezeka kwambiri munkhalango zowirira pafupi ndi thundu komanso pansi pa beeches. Ndi mycorrhizal, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti fungus imakhala yolumikizana ndi mizu ya mtengo. Chanterelles amakula m'maiko ambiri, kuphatikiza Canada, United States, Europe, Mediterranean, madera akum'mawa ndi kumwera kwa Australia ndi Asia.
Nyengo yokolola ya Chanterelle
Bowa limabala zipatso kuyambira Juni mpaka Okutobala komanso ngakhale Novembala, nthawi yophukira ikakhala yofatsa. Amakololedwa kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Marichi m'malo otentha.
Chanterelles zodyedwa
Bowa ali ndi fungo lokomoka la apurikoti komanso kamene kamamveka bwino. Chanterelles ndi bowa wosankhidwa womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pazotengera za risotto ndi ma omelette, ndipo ali ndi kununkhira kokwanira koti apange msuzi wokoma kapena msuzi.
Mitundu ya Chanterelle
Chanterelle wamba
Amagawidwa m'nkhalango zaku Europe zosakanikirana ndi nkhalango zosakanikirana, ku North ndi Central America, Asia ndi Africa. Ndi bowa wodyedwa womwe ngakhale wosankha bowa wosazindikira angazindikire mosavuta.
Chanterelle wamba wapakatikati ndi wachikasu, woyera, wachikasu-wachikasu ndipo samakonda pinki. Mphuno ndi yofanana ndi bowa wonse.
Chipewa
Poyamba, zotsekemera, zokhala ndi mapiko ozungulira (m'mbali), zimakhala zopindika ngati mphako ndi ukalamba. Ikhoza kukhala yosasintha mofanana. Zitsanzo zakale ndizolalanje kwambiri, makamaka mvula ikagwa pang'ono. Mitundu yomwe imalandira dzuwa lambiri kukhala loyera ndipo imawoneka ngati achikopa pang'ono. M'malo osanjikizana ndi mthunzi wokhala ndi mthunzi pa zisoti za chanterelle, mitundu yobiriwira yobiriwira.
Mitsuko
Amawoneka ngati zitunda, zomwe ndizopepuka ndipo nthawi zonse zimatsikira mwendo.
Mwendo
Kutalika kwa tsinde nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofanana ndi kukula kwa kapu ndi mtundu wofanana ndi bowa wonse. Zamkati ndi zoyera zachikasu. Zolemba za spore ndi zoyera kapena zachikasu pang'ono.
Okonda kuyamba kufunafuna bowa kumapeto kwamasika, mvula ithe. Nthawi zina, nyengo ikakhala yachinyezi, zipatso za bowa zimakhala zonyowa komanso zotsika mtengo. Kutengera ndi dera ndi latitude, Julayi-Okutobala ndi nthawi yomwe kubala kwa chanterelle wamba kumafika pachimake.
Grey chanterelle
Chipewa
Kaŵirikaŵiri amatenthetsa ali aang'ono. Mphepete imakulitsa pambuyo pake, ngati tsamba la wavy. Pamwambapa pamakhala maphokoso, makamaka pafupi ndi m'mphepete mwake. Mtunduwo ndi waimvi ndi utoto wofiirira. Mphamvu ya kamvekedwe kamadalira zaka ndi chilengedwe, zimakhala zowala nyengo youma komanso mdima nyengo yamvula.
Hymenophore
Zomwe zimapangidwa ndimizere ndi makutu, zopatukana ndi nthambi, zowonekera bwino pakukula kwathunthu, mtundu wa pseudohymenophore uwu ndi wotuwa ndi mithunzi, wabuluu mwa achichepere, pamapeto pake umakhala wonyezimira pakatha kusasitsa kwa spores.
Mwendo
Yokhota, yopindika, imafalikira ngati fanasi pakukula kwa hymenophore. Mtunduwo umafanana ndi mthunzi wa kapu, yopepuka pang'ono, nthawi zina imazimiririka pafupi ndi tsinde.
Chikhalidwe
Bowa uwu samakumana kawirikawiri ndi otola bowa. M'madera okula, pali ma chanterelles ochepa imvi m'nkhalango zowuma, pomwe amasankha minda yamatchire ndi dothi lowerengeka.
Cinnabar chanterelle wofiira
Amadziwika ndi mtundu wawo wa flamingo pinki komanso kupezeka kwamitsempha yabodza pansi pamunsi pa kapu. Bowa ndi yaying'ono komanso yokongola kwambiri kuposa ma chanterelles ena ndipo imakula m'nkhalango zowuma.
Chanterelle cinnabar-red mycorrhizal yokhala ndi mitundu yovuta, makamaka ndi beech ndi thundu, aspen ndi mitundu ina yovuta. Chimakula chokha, chomwazikana kapena pagulu nthawi yotentha komanso yophukira.
Chipewa
Kutsekemera kapena kutsekeka kwambiri, kumeta, kuwuma adakali aang'ono, kumakhala kopanda pake kapena kuzama pang'ono, kukulitsa ndi mafunde amawoneka. Mitundu kuyambira pinki ya flamingo mpaka cinnabar yofiira, ya pinki ya lalanje kapena yofiira lalanje.
Malo otsika okhala ndi mipata yabwinobwino, yopangidwa bwino yonyenga yomwe imayenda motsatira tsinde; Kuphika pamtanda nthawi zambiri kumafalikira, amakhala amtundu ngati kapu kapena osakhazikika pang'ono.
Mwendo
Mosalala muunyamata, koma amagundika kumunsi kukhwima, wadazi, owuma, akuda ngati kapu kapena wopukutira. Basal mycelium ndi yoyera mpaka chikasu. Thupi: loyera kapena mtundu wa kapu, silisintha mtundu likadulidwa. Kununkhiza ndi kulawa: fungo lokoma ndi lonunkhira; kukoma kumakhala kosazindikirika kapena kokometsera pang'ono.
Chanterelle velvety
Bowa wothandizirana nawo amakula pansi pamitengo yovuta (mabokosi ndi beech) ndipo nthawi zambiri samakhala pansi pa ma conifers. Nthawi yobala zipatso ndi chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira.
Chipewa
Amazindikira bowa ndi kapu yopyapyala komanso yopanda mawonekedwe, yokhala ndimalo osinthasintha, yowala lalanje komanso m'mphepete mwa wavy. Ali wachinyamata, chipewacho chimakhala chosakanikirana, kenako chokhala ngati ndodo, cuticle ndiyabwino kwambiri, yalalanje kapena lalanje-pinki, imasuluka ndi msinkhu.
Tsinde
Miyendo ndi yolunjika, yolimba, yopepuka kuposa kapu.
Hymenophore
Lamellar, nthambi zazing'ono, zopota kapena zolembedwera, mu mtundu wa kapu. Thupi: lolimba, loyera, lachikasu kapena pinki pang'ono. Kutulutsa kafungo kabwino ka apurikoti.
Chanterelle wokhala ndi nkhope
Amapezeka ku Asia, Africa ndi North America limodzi, m'magulu kapena masango pansi pamitengo yowuma. Bowa limatulutsa matupi obala zipatso nthawi yotentha komanso yophukira.
Chipewa
Zipangizo zam'mwamba pamwamba ndi ma wavy. Pamwambapa ndiwouma, wokutidwa pang'ono ndi ulusi wabwino kwambiri, utoto wakuya wowala lalanje-wachikaso. Zitsanzo zakale zimakhala zachikasu, m'mbali mwake mwa kapu mumakhala chikasu, ndipo zitsanzo zazing'ono zimaweramira pansi.
Hymenophore
Malo okhala ndi spore poyamba amakhala osalala, koma ngalande kapena zitunda zimayamba pang'onopang'ono. Mitsempha yaying'ono imafanana ndi mitsempha, yochepera 1 mm mulifupi. Mtunduwo ndi wachikasu wotumbululuka komanso wofanana ndi pamwamba pa mwendo.
Tsinde
Yandiweyani, yaying'ono, ikungoyang'ana kumunsi. Mkati, miyendo imadzazidwa ndi fleecy mycelium, yolimba. Nthawi zambiri, matupi opatsa zipatso amaphatikizidwa ndi zimayambira m'munsi.
Zamkati
Olimba kapena pang'ono dzenje (nthawi zina chifukwa cha mphutsi za tizilombo), wotumbululuka wachikaso.
Chanterelle wachikasu
Maonekedwe apadera, oyamikiridwa kwambiri ndi ma gourmets, omwe amadziwika mosavuta ndi mawonekedwe a "chitoliro", oonda komanso ocheperako, ofiira komanso opindika. Tsinde lake ndi lowala lalanje ndipo mkati mwake mulibe kanthu.
Chipewa
Poyamba, pakatikati, chimakhala chosakanikirana, ngati chubu la oblong, kenako chimatseguka, chimakulitsa, m'mphepete mwake ndimachimo, olimba, nthawi zina otetemera. Mtunduwo ndi wofiyira wofiirira, pansi pake pali lalanje kapena imvi yakuda kwambiri.
Hymenophore
Pafupifupi yosalala komanso yozungulira, yokhala ndi mitsempha yokwera pang'ono, yoyipa komanso yama nthambi. Mtundu wake ndi wonyezimira wachikasu, wachikaso wachikaso, nthawi zina umakhala ndi mthunzi wa pinki, koma utoto nthawi zonse umakhala wowala pang'ono kuposa chipewa.
Tsinde
Tubular, dzenje, losalala, lowongoka kapena lopindika, mawonekedwe osinthika kwambiri, okumbutsa fanolo lokhala ndi ma longitudinal grooves. Mtundu wake ndi lalanje kapena dzira yolk, nthawi zina mumthunzi wa pinki. Bowa ali ndi fungo lamphamvu la maula atsopano komanso okoma.
Chikhalidwe
Bowa-symbiont, limakula kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, m'magulu azitsanzo zamazana mu conifers (pafupi ndi paini) ndi nkhalango zowuma.
Chanterelle yamtundu
Amapanga mycorrhiza wokhala ndi ma conifers mu moss kapena pazitsulo zovunda bwino, zotsekedwa ndi moss m'madambo.
Chipewa
Poyamba, imakhala yocheperako, posakhalitsa imakhala yofanana ndi vase, pomaliza, mabowo amapanga pakati. Mphepete mwake ndi yavy atakula. Wosalala, womata kapena wopaka mwatsopano. Mitunduyi imakhala yakuda bii wachikaso mpaka bulauni yakuda, kukhala imvi kapena imvi msinkhu. Mitundu yazithunzi nthawi zina imawonekera pang'ono.
Hymenophore
Imatsikira pa tsinde. Mu bowa wachinyamata wokhala ndi zitunda ndi makola. Ndi zaka, mitsempha yabodza imayamba, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatuluka ndikukhala ndi mitsempha. Mtunduwo ndi wachikasu mpaka imvi kapena bulauni, nthawi zina lilac pang'ono.
Mwendo
Amasandulika opanda kanthu ndi msinkhu, dazi, ndi zokutira phula. Mtundu kuchokera ku lalanje mpaka lalanje-chikasu akadali aang'ono, wachikasu wachikaso, bulauni-lalanje ndi zaka. Basal mycelium ndiyowoneka wonyezimira. Kukoma sikusiyanitsa; kununkhira sikowonekera kapena kununkhira pang'ono.
Kodi ma chanterelle abodza amasiyana bwanji ndi omwe amadya?
Mitundu iwiri ya bowa imasokonezedwa ndi chanterelles:
Wokamba malalanje (zosatheka)
Matupi a zipatso za bowa ndi achikasu-lalanje ndi kapu yoboola pakati yopyapyala mpaka 8 cm m'mimba mwake, yomwe imamveka bwino. Mitsempha yopapatiza, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yolumikizana pansi pa kapu imayenda mosalala. Malipoti onena za kukula kwa bowa si odalirika nthawi zonse. Bowa umadyedwa, ngakhale kuti siununkhira kwenikweni. Olemba ena akuti zimakwiyitsa m'mimba.
Maolivi a Omphalot (owopsa)
Bowa wakupha wa lalanje womwe, kwa diso losaphunzitsidwa, umawoneka ngati mitundu ina ya chanterelles. Amagawidwa m'nkhalango ku Europe, komwe kumamera pazitsa zowola, mizu yamitengo.
Mosiyana ndi ma chanterelles, ma omphalots amitengo ya azitona amakhala ndi mphuno zenizeni, zakuthwa, zopanda bifurcated. Gawo lamkati la mwendo ndi lalanje, mu chanterelles ndilopepuka mkati.
Momwe mungasiyanitsire ma chanterelles abodza ndi enieni - video
Maubwino a chanterelles paumoyo wamunthu
Monga bowa wina aliyense wamnkhalango, chanterelles ndi chakudya chokoma komanso chopatsa thanzi chomwe chili ndi:
- kuchuluka kwa vitamini D2, kumathandiza thupi kuyamwa calcium;
- kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa mapuloteni;
- vitamini A;
- potaziyamu;
- chitsulo;
- chromium;
- asanu ndi atatu ofunikira amino acid omwe ndi ofunikira m'thupi la munthu.
Bowa wamtunduwu sagwirizana ndi ma nitrogeni okwera ndipo sichimachitika m'malo omwe ali ndi mpweya wambiri. Ndi mtundu wa mycorrhizal motero nthawi zonse umalumikizidwa ndi mitengo yomwe siyimasokoneza thanzi la munthu, kuphatikizapo thundu, beech, paini ndi birch.
Matupi a zipatso amakhala ndi moyo wautali, mwina chifukwa chakuti amalimbana ndi tiziromboti ndipo samadyedwa ndi mphutsi. Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti zokolola sizimakhudzidwa ndi nyamakazi. Izi zimathandizira kutchuka kwa chanterelles ngati nyama zodyedwa!
Chanterelle amavulaza thupi
Mitundu yodyedwa ya chanterelles siyowopsa kwa anthu ikaphikidwa bwino ndikudya, monga bowa wina aliyense. Amayi apakati, ana ndi okalamba amadya mosamala.
Momwe ophika amakonzera chanterelles
Pali maphikidwe ambiri osiyanasiyana kuphika mbale za chanterelle padziko lapansi. Anthu ena amawagwiritsa ntchito mu msuzi, ena amapanga msuzi wa pasitala kuchokera kwa iwo, ndipo ena amagwiritsa ntchito mchere. Gourmets amagwiritsa ntchito ndi maswiti ndi kupanikizana. Pambuyo pake, ngakhale zitaphika bwanji, ma chanterelles ndi okoma!
Chanterelle ndi bowa wabwino kwambiri mukakazinga. Mukayanika, ndimakonzedwe abwino azakudya mukamagwiritsa ntchito pang'ono. Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito muyezo waukulu, umakhala kukoma kwachilengedwe.
Kukoma kwake kumapangitsa chanterelle kukhala yoyenera nkhuku, nyama yamwana wang'ombe, nyama ya nkhumba, nsomba, masamba, mpunga, pasitala, mbatata, mazira, mtedza ndi zipatso. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kusakaniza ma chanterelles ndi zakudya zabwino kwambiri.
Vinyo woŵaŵa, mafuta kapena zowawa za bowa zimakonzedwa kuchokera ku ufa wa grated wa chanterelles.
Chanterelles pachuma chadziko
Chanterelles akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kupaka ubweya, nsalu ndi pepala; ipatsa utoto wachikaso kuzinthu zopangidwazo.
