Mbalame zam'mbali zam'mlengalenga zimakhazikika m'mitengo. Mwa amuna, nthenga zimakhala zowala, mwa akazi ndizochepa.
Orioles amakhala chaka chonse m'nkhalango ndipo amakhala nthawi yayitali korona wamitengo yayitali. Mbalamezi zimamanga chisa chokongola chooneka ngati mbale chaudzu momwe makolo onse amalera anapiye.
Oriole ndi mbalame yokongola kwakunja ndipo kuyimba kwake ndimamvekedwe.
Kulongosola kwa Oriole
- kutalika kwa thupi mpaka 25 cm;
- mapiko amatambasula mpaka 47 cm;
- akulemera zosaposa 70 magalamu.
Wamwamuna wamkulu amakhala ndi mutu wachikaso wagolide, pamwamba ndi pansi pa thupi. Mapikowo ndi akuda okhala ndi zigamba zachikasu zikuluzikulu zomwe zimapanga mawanga a carpal pamapiko opindidwa, ndipo kachigawo kachikaso kakuuluka. Nthenga zouluka zili ndi nsonga zazing'ono zachikasu. Mchira ndi wakuda, pansi pa nthenga zazikuluzo pali madontho achikasu ambiri. Pamutu wachikaso pali zolemba zakuda pafupi ndi maso, mulomo wakuda wakuda. Maso ndi a maroon kapena ofiira ofiira. Mapazi ndi mapazi ndi zaimvi.
Momwe ma oriole azimayi amasiyana ndi amuna ndi achichepere
Mkazi wamkulu amakhala ndi mutu wachikasu wobiriwira, khosi, chovala ndi kumbuyo, croup ndi wachikasu. Mapikowo ndi obiriwira mpaka bulauni. Mchira ndi wakuda bii komanso wakuda mawanga achikasu kumapeto kwa nthenga.
Gawo lakumunsi la chibwano, pakhosi ndi kumtunda kwa chifuwa ndi lotuwa, mimba ndi yoyera. Thupi lakumunsi lili ndi mikwingwirima yakuda, yowonekera kwambiri pachifuwa. Nthenga zomwe zili pansi pa mchira ndizobiriwira zachikasu.
Akazi okalamba amafanana ndi amuna, koma mtundu wawo ndi wachikasu wopanda khungu wokhala ndi mitsempha yosazindikirika kumunsi kwa thupi.
Ma orioles achichepere amafanana ndi akazi okhala ndi thupi lakuda loyera komanso thupi lamizeremizere kumunsi.
Ma orioles achikazi ndi achimuna
Malo okhala mbalame
Zisa za ku Oriole:
- pakati, kumwera ndi kumadzulo kwa Europe;
- kumpoto kwa Africa;
- ku Altai;
- kum'mwera kwa Siberia;
- kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa China;
- kumpoto kwa Iran.
Makhalidwe azikhalidwe zosamukira za ku Oriole
Amakhala nyengo yozizira kumpoto ndi kumwera kwa Africa. Anthu a ku Oriole amasamuka makamaka usiku, ngakhale nthawi yachisanu ikasamuka nawonso imawuluka masana. Orioles amadya zipatso kumadera a Mediterranean asanafike nyengo yachisanu.
Oriole amakhala ku:
- nkhalango zowuma;
- nkhalango;
- mapaki okhala ndi mitengo yayitali;
- minda yayikulu.
Mbalameyi pofunafuna chakudya chochezera minda ya zipatso, imawerengedwa kuti ndi tizilombo tofa nato m'madera a Mediterranean.
Oriole amasankha thundu, popula ndi phulusa kuti amange zisa. Amakonda nkhalango zosakwana 600 m pamwamba pamadzi, ngakhale imapezeka pamwamba pa 1800 m ku Morocco ndi 2000 m ku Russia.
Pakusamukira kwawo Kummwera, mbalame zimakhazikika pakati pa tchire louma m'mapiri, mapiri komanso mitengo yamkuyu yomwe imakula mosiyana.
Kodi anthu a ku Oriole amadya chiyani
Oriole amadyetsa tizilombo, kuphatikizapo mbozi, komanso amadyetsa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono monga mbewa ndi abuluzi ang'onoang'ono, amadya anapiye ndi mazira a mbalame zina, ndipo amadya zipatso ndi zipatso, mbewu, timadzi tokoma ndi mungu.
Chakudya chachikulu cha orioles koyambirira kwa nyengo yoswana:
- tizilombo;
- akangaude;
- ziphuphu;
- Nkhono;
- ziphuphu.
Zipatso zosiyanasiyana ndi zipatso zimadyedwa ndi mbalame m'chigawo chachiwiri cha nyengo yobereketsa.
Anthu a ku Oriole amadyetsa okha, awiriawiri, m'magulu ang'onoang'ono pamitengo yamitengo. Imagwira tizilombo tikuthawa, ndipo imasonkhanitsa nyongolotsi zapadziko lapansi ndi nyama zouluka zapansi panthaka. Mbalameyi imayandama isanagwire nyama pamalo otseguka.
Chinenero chamanja chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi a Orioles
Nthawi yoswana, yamphongo imayimba mokweza m'mawa komanso madzulo. Khalidwe lodzitchinjiriza limaperekedwanso ndi phokoso lalikulu.
Poopseza wotsutsa kapena adani, Oriole amatembenuza thupi lake uku ndi uku ndikuphwanya nthenga za m'khosi mwake, akuyimba nyimbo, kuwonjezera manambala, liwiro komanso mphamvu ya nyimboyo.
Pamene mbalame zina zimawuluka kupita kumalo obisalira, mbalame za amuna ndi akazi zimakhazikika, zimatambasula mapiko awo, zimakweza michira yawo ndikutambasula mitu yawo patsogolo ndikuuluka patsogolo pa adani. Ndi maimidwe awa, mbalame zimachitanso ndi ziwonetsero zina zowopseza ndipo zimatsagana nazo ndikulira, mapiko a mapiko ndi milomo.
Kuthamangitsana ndi kulumikizana kwakuthupi kumatsagana, nthawi zina, koma kawirikawiri, ndi kugundana mlengalenga kapena kugwa pansi, mbalame zikugwira mdaniyo ndi zikhasu. Kuyanjana uku nthawi zina kumabweretsa kuvulala kapena kufa kwa amodzi mwa ma orioles.
Kodi Orioles amawonetsa machitidwe otani m'nthawi ya chibwenzi?
Pakati pa nyengo yokomana, mbalame zimayimba nyimbo ndikukonzekera kuthamangathamanga. Amuna amavina movutikira movutikira atagwa pansi, akugwedezeka, kutambasula mapiko ake ndikugwedeza mchira wake kutsogolo kwa mkazi. Chibwenzi chimatsatiridwa ndikutsutsana, panthambi kapena pachisa.
Kusuntha kwa mbalame nthawi yogona
Ma Oriole amauluka mwachangu, kuwuluka ndiwopendekera pang'ono, mbalameyo imachita zamphamvu, koma sikuti imangowomba mapiko ake. Ma orioles amakhala panthambi, zimauluka kuchokera pamwamba pa mtengo umodzi kupita pamwamba pa mtengo wina, osakhala m'malo otseguka kwa nthawi yayitali. Orioles imatha kuuluka kwakanthawi kochepa ndikungowombera mwachangu mapiko awo.
Khalidwe la mbalame kumapeto kwa chibwenzi
Zitakokererana ndi kuchotsa malo obisalira pa mbalame zosavomerezeka, chachimuna ndi chachikazi chimayamba nyengo yoswana. Chisa chokongola chokhala ngati mbale chimamangidwa ndi chachikazi pasanathe sabata limodzi kapena awiri (kapena kupitilira apo). Yaimuna nthawi zina imasonkhanitsanso zisa.
Chisa ndimapangidwe otseguka ofanana ndi mbale, opangidwa kuchokera ku:
- zitsamba;
- sedges;
- masamba;
- nthambi;
- bango;
- khungwa;
- ulusi chomera.
Pansi ndi masentimita 3 mpaka 13 akuya:
- mizu;
- udzu;
- nthenga;
- Pumani mumtendere;
- ubweya;
- ubweya;
- ubweya;
- ndere;
- pepala.
Chisa chimayimikidwa panthambi zoonda zazing'ono zopindika, pamwamba pa chisoti cha mtengo pafupi ndi kasupe wamadzi.
Ana a ku Oriole
Mkaziyo amaikira mazira oyera 2-6 okhala ndi mawanga akuda obalalika pamwamba pa chipolopolocho mu Meyi / Juni kapena koyambirira kwa Julayi. Akuluakulu onsewo amawakwatira, koma makamaka aakazi, kwa milungu iwiri. Yaimuna imadyetsa bwenzi lake chisa.
Ataswa, yaikazi imasamalira anapiye, koma makolo onsewo amabweretsa ana amphongo, kenako zipatso ndi zipatso. Achinyamata amatuluka pamapiko patatha masiku 14 ataswa ndi kuuluka momasuka ali ndi zaka 16-17, kutengera makolo malinga ndi chakudya mpaka Ogasiti / Seputembala, nthawi yosamukira isanayambe. Orioles ali okonzeka kuswana ali ndi zaka 2-3.
