Mitengo ndi gawo lofunikira m'chilengedwe komanso gawo lofunikira pazachilengedwe zambiri padziko lapansi. Ntchito yawo yayikulu ndikutsuka mpweya. Ndikosavuta kutsimikizira izi: pitani kunkhalango ndipo mudzawona kuti ndizosavuta bwanji kupumira pakati pamitengo kuposa misewu yamzinda, m'chipululu kapena ngakhale mu steppe. Chowonadi ndi chakuti nkhalango zowirira ndi mapapo a dziko lathu lapansi.
Njira ya photosynthesis
Kuyeretsa mpweya kumachitika panthawi ya photosynthesis, yomwe imachitika m'masamba a mitengo. Mwa iwo, mothandizidwa ndi ma radiation a dzuwa ndi kutentha, mpweya woipa, womwe umatulutsidwa ndi anthu, umasandulika kukhala zinthu zakuthupi ndi mpweya, womwe umathandizira pakukula kwa ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za mbewu. Tangoganizirani, mitengo yochokera pa hekitala imodzi ya nkhalango mumphindi 60 imatenga mpweya woipa wopangidwa ndi anthu 200 munthawi yomweyo.
Kuyeretsa mpweya, mitengo imachotsa sulfure ndi nitrogen dioxides, komanso ma oxide a kaboni, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono ndi zinthu zina. Njira yothandizira ndi kukonza zinthu zovulaza imachitika mothandizidwa ndi stomata. Awa ndi ma pores ang'onoang'ono omwe amatenga gawo lofunikira pakusinthana kwa gasi ndikusintha kwamadzi. Fumbi laling'ono likafika pamasamba, limakhudzidwa ndi mbewu, ndikupangitsa kuti mpweya uziyeretsa. Komabe, si miyala yonse yomwe imatha kusefa mpweya, kuchotsa fumbi. Mwachitsanzo, mitengo ya phulusa, spruce ndi linden ndizovuta kupilira malo owonongeka. Mapu, mitengo ikuluikulu ndi thundu, zimalimbana ndi kuwonongeka kwa mlengalenga.
Mphamvu yakuzizira pakuyeretsa mpweya
M'chilimwe, malo obiriwira amapereka mthunzi ndikuziziritsa mpweya, chifukwa chake nthawi zonse kumakhala bwino kubisala mumthunzi wa mitengo tsiku lotentha. Kuphatikiza apo, kumverera kosangalatsa kumachitika chifukwa chotsatira:
- Kutuluka kwamadzi kudzera masamba;
- kuchepetsa liwiro la mphepo;
- kuwonjezeranso chinyezi cha mlengalenga chifukwa cha masamba omwe agwa.
Zonsezi zimakhudza kutsika kwa mthunzi pamitengo. Nthawi zambiri imakhala yocheperako pang'ono kuposa mbali ya dzuwa nthawi yomweyo. Ponena za mpweya wabwino, kutentha kumakhudza kufalikira kwa kuipitsa. Chifukwa chake, mitengo ikamakula, mpweya umazizira, ndipo zinthu zosavulaza zimasanduka nthunzi ndikuziwulutsira mumlengalenga. Komanso, zomerazo zimatulutsa zinthu zothandiza - phytoncides zomwe zitha kuwononga bowa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono.
Anthu akupanga chisankho cholakwika powononga nkhalango zonse. Popanda mitengo padziko lapansi, sikuti mitundu ya zinyama masauzande okha ndi yomwe idzafe, komanso anthu omwe, chifukwa adzabanika ndi mpweya wonyansa, womwe sipadzakhala wina woti ayeretse. Chifukwa chake, tiyenera kuteteza chilengedwe, osati kuwononga mitengo, koma kudzala mitengo yatsopano kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka kwa umunthu ku chilengedwe.
