Mkate (Plegadis falcinellus) ndi mbalame yolandira adokowe, banja la mbalamezi. Ikuphatikizidwa mu Red Data Book monga anthu omwe ali pafupi kutha.
Kufotokozera
Mbali yapadera ya nsombazi ndi miyendo yaitali, chifukwa chimene mbalameyo imayenda mosavuta m'madzi osaya. Kutalika kwa thupi kumasiyana masentimita 45 mpaka 65, mapiko otalika mpaka mita, thupi limasiyanasiyana 485 mpaka 970 g. Nthenga sizachilendo: mutu, kumbuyo ndi kumunsi kwa thupi kumakhala kofiirira, pafupifupi wakuda, komanso nthawi yokwatirana kulocha burgundy. Mapikowo anali owala ndi zobiriwira zamkuwa ndi utoto.
M'nyengo yophukira-yozizira, mtundu wa nthenga za ibis umasinthasintha: umakhala wosasalala komanso wosasalala, mawanga oyera a mbewa amawonekera. Mutu, poyerekeza ndi thupi, ndi wocheperako ndi mulomo waukulu wopindika wamtundu wakuda wa pinki. Malo ozungulira maso ali ndi khungu loyera loyera, mtundu wa iris ndi bulauni. Nthawi yobisalira komanso kuteteza anapiye, imatha kupanga phokoso ndikukokosoka. Amapanga zigawo zikuluzikulu, pomwe gulu lililonse limasiyanitsidwa.
Chikhalidwe
Mbalame zamtunduwu ndizofala m'makontinenti onse okhalamo. Anthu okhala m'malo okhala ndi nyengo yotentha amasamukira ku Asia ndi Africa nthawi yachisanu, ndikubwerera koyambirira kwa Marichi. Iwo amayenda mphero kapena oblique molunjika mzere, nthawi zambiri kukupiza mapiko awo, pafupifupi samakonzekera mlengalenga.
Amakonda kukhazikika m'mbali mwa nyanja kapena mitsinje yosaya, yomwe m'mbali mwake mwadzaza bango ndi tchire. Amakhala pafupifupi nthawi yawo yonse m'madzi osaya, nthawi zonse akuyang'ana pansi pa dziwe posaka chakudya. Pakakhala ngozi, amanyamuka ndikusamukira ku nthambi za tchire kapena mitengo.
Kuphatikiza pa mbuzi yodziwika bwino, palinso mitundu ina itatu ya mbalamezi:
- Zolipira;
- Chowonetseratu;
- Black, kapena Ibis Wopatulika.
Makina otsekemera otsekemera samasamukira kwina, komwe amakhala ndi Latin America. Nyanja zamapiri ataliatali amasankhidwa kuti akhale amoyo, amasiyana ndi abale ena ndi milomo yopyapyala, yakuthwa, yofiira.
Mbalame zokongola - okhala ku USA ndi South America, amakonda nyengo yotentha komanso yachinyezi, amakhala m'malo amvula, pakati pa tchire laling'ono ndi udzu wamtali. Mbali yapadera ndikukula pang'ono, nthenga zowala.
Mbalame zopatulika ndi nzika zaku Africa, ngakhale pano zimapezeka ku Europe. Chimaonekera pakati pa oimira amtundu wake mawonekedwe: ili ndi mtundu wakuda ndi woyera. Thupi lake lonse ndi loyera, nsonga ya mchira ndi mutu wake ndi yakuda.
Oyimira nyamazi amakonda kukhala m'malo omwe ndi ovuta kufikako kwa anthu: m'nkhalango zowirira, nthambi zazitsamba. Zisa zimapangidwa ndi bango ndi masamba. Mwa zowalamulira, nthawi zambiri kuyambira mazira 3 mpaka 5, makolo amawasanganira mosinthana kwa masiku 18-21. Atabadwa, anapiyewo alibe chitetezo, matupi awo amakhala okutidwa ndi mdima wofewa pansi, womwe mkati mwamasabata atatu amasintha kukhala nthenga yeniyeni, ndipo ana amayamba kuwuluka.
Zakudya zabwino
Mikate imasinthasintha zakudya zawo ndi chakudya cha zomera ndi nyama. M'madamu, amagwira achule, nsomba zazing'ono, tadpoles, nkhono. Pamtunda, chakudya chawo ndi dzombe, kafadala, ziwala, agulugufe. Makonda azakudya amasintha ndi nyengo.
Mabanjawo amayamba kudyetsa ana pamodzi: wamwamuna amapereka chakudya ndikumapereka kwa wamkazi, ndipo nayenso, amamudyetsa mwana aliyense. Pafupipafupi kudyetsa anapiye kumatha kufikira nthawi 8 mpaka 11 patsiku. Zinyama zazing'ono zimadya chimodzimodzi ndi akulu.
Zosangalatsa
- Pakati pa mbalame, mbalame zonyezimira zimaonedwa ngati zoteteza nthawi yayitali, nthawi yomwe amakhala ndi zaka 20. Chifukwa chowopsezedwa ndi adani awo ndikuwononga, kuwuluka ndege ndi zochitika zaanthu, pafupifupi 60% ya anthu amapulumuka mpaka ukalamba.
- Mkate wakuda unkatengedwa ngati wopatulika ku Egypt wakale. Aigupto adawatenga ngati mulungu wanzeru - Thoth. M'zaka za zana la 17-19, mbalamezi zidayamba kutumizidwa mwamphamvu ku Europe, komwe zidakhala zokongoletsera nyumba zapamwamba.
