Forest-tundra ndi nyengo yovuta kwambiri, yomwe ili pamtunda wa nthaka womwe umasinthana ndi nkhalango ndi tundra, komanso mathithi ndi nyanja. Tundra yam nkhalango ndi yamtundu wakumwera kwambiri wa tundra, ndichifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "kumwera". Forest-tundra ili m'dera lotentha kwambiri. Awa ndi malo okongola kwambiri pomwe maluwa akulu azomera zosiyanasiyana amapezeka masika. Malowa amadziwika ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mosachedwa kukula kwa mosses, ndichifukwa chake ndimalo okondedwa kwambiri odyetserako ziweto.
Dothi la nkhalango
Mosiyana ndi tundra yowoneka ngati nkhalango, dothi la m'nkhalango limatha kulima. M'minda yake, mutha kulima mbatata, kabichi ndi anyezi wobiriwira. Komabe, nthaka palokha imakhala ndi chonde chochepa:
- nthaka ndi yosauka mu humus;
- ali acidity mkulu;
- ali ndi zakudya zochepa.
Malo oyenera kulimidwa ndi malo otsetsereka kwambiri m'derali. Komabe, pali dothi losanjikiza gley pansi pa 20 cm wosanjikiza wapadziko lapansi, kotero kukula kwa mizu pansi pa 20 cm sikutheka. Chifukwa cha mizu yosauka, mitengo yambiri yamtchire imakhala ndi thunthu lopindika m'munsi mwake.
Kuti muonjezere chonde m'nthaka, muyenera:
- ngalande zopangira;
- kutsatira Mlingo waukulu wa feteleza;
- kusintha kwa matenthedwe boma.
Vuto lalikulu limawerengedwa kuti nthawi zambiri madera amenewa amakhala oundana. Ndi chilimwe chokha, dzuwa limatentha nthaka ndi theka la mita. Nthaka ya nkhalango-tundra imadzaza madzi, ngakhale kuti imagwa mowirikiza mdera lake. Izi ndichifukwa chakuchepa kokwanira kwa chinyezi chosinthika, ndichifukwa chake kuderali kuli nyanja ndi madambo ambiri. Chifukwa cha chinyezi chambiri komanso kutentha pang'ono, nthaka imapanga pang'onopang'ono dothi lachonde. Poyerekeza ndi dothi la chernozem, dothi la m'nkhalango-tundra limakulitsa gawo lachonde nthawi 10 zoyipa.
Nyengo
Kutentha kwa nkhalango-tundra kumasiyana pang'ono ndi nyengo ya arctic kapena tundra wamba. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndi chilimwe. Mu nkhalango-tundra, nthawi yotentha, kutentha kumatha kukwera mpaka 10-14⁰С. Ngati tiwona nyengo kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kumwera, ili ndiye gawo loyamba lotentha kwambiri nthawi yotentha.
Nkhalango zimathandizira kufalitsa ngakhale chisanu nthawi yachisanu, ndipo mphepo imawomba pang'ono poyerekeza ndi tundra yanthawi zonse. Kutentha kwapakati pachaka kumafika -5 ... -10⁰С. Kutalika kwapakati pachisanu cha chipale chofewa ndi masentimita 45-55. Mu nkhalango-tundra, mphepo imawomba mwamphamvu kwambiri kuposa madera ena amundawo. Nthaka zomwe zili pafupi ndi mitsinje zimakhala zachonde kwambiri, chifukwa zimatenthetsa dziko lapansi, motero zomera zambiri zimawonedwa m'zigwa za mitsinje.
Makhalidwe oyendera
Mfundo zosangalatsa:
- Mphepo yomwe imawomba nthawi zonse imakakamiza zomera kuti zigwere pansi, ndipo mizu ya mitengo imasokonezedwa, chifukwa ili ndi kamphanga kakang'ono.
- Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zomera, zomwe zili mu kaboni dayokisaidi mlengalenga m'nkhalango tundra ndi mitundu ina ya tundra zimachepetsedwa.
- Nyama zosiyanasiyana zimazolowera kudya chakudya chokhwima komanso chochepa. M'nyengo yozizira kwambiri pachaka, mphalapala, mandimu ndi anthu ena okhala mumtundawu amangodya mosi ndi ndere.
- Mu tundra, mumakhala mvula yochepa pachaka kuposa m'zipululu, koma chifukwa cha kusokonekera bwino kwa madzi, madziwo amasungidwa ndikukhala madambo ambiri.
- Zima m'nkhalango-tundra zimatenga gawo limodzi lachitatu la chaka, chilimwe ndi chachifupi, koma chimakhala chofunda kuposa gawo lazomwe zimakhazikika.
- M'dera la nkhalango-tundra kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira, chimodzi mwa zinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri zikhoza kuwonedwa - magetsi akumpoto.
- Nyama zakutchire-tundra ndizochepa, koma ndizochuluka kwambiri.
- Chivundikiro cha chipale chofewa m'nyengo yozizira chitha kufikira mamita angapo.
- Pali zomera zambiri m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti palinso nyama zambiri.
- Tundra yamtunda ndi malo oyenera kwambiri kubzala ndi kubzala nyama kuposa tundra wamba.
Kutulutsa
Forest-tundra ndi malo ovuta amoyo, pomwe zomera ndi nyama zochepa zimazolowera. Derali limadziwika ndi nyengo yayitali komanso yotentha pang'ono. Nthaka ya gawoli isasinthidwe bwino kuti ikhale yaulimi, mbewu sizimalandira feteleza ndi zinthu zina, ndipo mizu yake ndi yayifupi. M'nyengo yozizira, ziphuphu ndi moss zokwanira zimakopa nyama zambiri kuderali.
