Nsomba ya discus ndi ya banja la cichlid. Oimira amtunduwu ndi otchuka pakati pamadzi am'madzi chifukwa cha mawonekedwe achilendo komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana yowala. Komabe, kuwasunga sikophweka, ndipo poyambira, ntchitoyi mwina singatheke konse.
Kufotokozera
M'malo awo achilengedwe, discus imapezeka ku South America. Nsombazo zidadziwika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe achilendo, okumbutsa disc. Ali ndi mutu ndi kamwa kakang'ono, maso awo ndi ofiira, ndipo zipsepse zawo ndizitali kwambiri.
Amakhala m'madzi ofewa, pomwe ma microbes sapezeka - izi zikufotokozera chitetezo chawo chofooka. Ma discus sakonda mafunde othamanga, chifukwa chake amakhala pafupi ndi gombe lomwe ladzaza.
M'madzi otchedwa aquariums, nsomba zotere zimakula mpaka masentimita 20. Mtundu umasiyanasiyana bulauni mpaka kufiyira-chikasu. Thupi limakongoletsedwa ndi mitundu yazithunzi zakuda ndi mawanga, kutengera mitundu. Akazi ndi owoneka bwino.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana
Chifukwa chakuti ma discus ndi otchuka kwambiri pakati pamadzi am'madzi, kumapeto kwa zaka zana zapitazi, mitundu yatsopano yatsopano idapangidwanso kuwonjezera pa zomwe zidalipo. Nsomba zamitunduyi ndizocheperako komanso ndizovuta ku matenda, koma mitundu yawo ndi yowala komanso yosiyanasiyana.
Lero mwachizolowezi kutchula magulu asanu a discus, omwe amagawidwa m'magulu ambiri. Tiyeni tilembere pamndandandawu:
- Magazi a nkhunda - onetsetsani mtundu wachikasu-pinki. Oimira amtunduwu amadziwika kuti ndi akulu kwambiri.
- Turquoise. Pamtembo wa nsombazi, mitsinje ndi mawanga amaoneka bwino. Ma discus amenewa ndi otchuka kwambiri ku Russia, chifukwa adabweretsedwa kudziko lathu kalekale - kumapeto kwa zaka zapitazo.
- Ofiira ndi mitundu yambiri komanso yowala kwambiri. Chiyambi chachikulu chingakhale mthunzi uliwonse wofiira - kuchokera ku lalanje mpaka ku burgundy. Koma kuti musunge mtundu wowala wotere, pakufunika chakudya chapadera ndi zowonjezera.
- Golide ndiye discus yotsika mtengo kwambiri. Ofunika kwambiri ndi omwe amaimira mtundu wachikaso wopanda mawonekedwe ndi utoto.
- Cobalt. Mtundu wawo ndi wofanana pang'ono ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali, koma buluu m'malo mwa zobiriwira umakhalamo. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu ndi mikwingwirima yowala pamapiko ndi thunthu.
Adzakhala ndi ndani?
Discus, kukonza komwe kumalonjeza kale mavuto ambiri, m'madzi am'madzi ndi nsomba zina kumabweretsa mavuto ena. Ndipo chifukwa cha izi sikungokhala kuchepa kwa malo chifukwa cha kukula kwa sikilidi.
Discus mwachilengedwe ndi amtendere, ochezeka komanso osagwirizana. Kusungulumwa sikuloledwa kwenikweni, choncho ndi bwino kuyamba nawo m'gulu la anthu asanu ndi mmodzi.
Nsomba zosathamanga izi komanso bata zili ndi mawonekedwe angapo omwe amakakamiza akatswiri am'madzi kuti azilekanitsa. Choyamba, madziwo ndi ofunda kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina yambiri. Kachiwiri, discus imakonda kukhala ndi matenda omwe oyandikana nawo osafunanso amathanso kuyambitsa. Ngati mwatsimikiza mtima kuwonjezerapo wina, ndiye kuti chisankhocho chiyenera kuyimitsidwa pankhondo ya chisudzo, Congo, tetra wamphongo wofiira, neon yofiira ndi mitundu ingapo ya mphamba.
Makhalidwe azomwe zili
Kusunga discus ndi njira yovuta kwambiri. Zimayamba ndikusankha kwa aquarium, popeza nsomba zimakhala m'magulu (osachepera anthu 6), kuchuluka kwake kuyenera kukhala kuchokera ku 250 malita pawiri, m'lifupi mwake kuyenera kukhala osachepera 42 cm.Ndi bwino kuyiyika pamalo opanda phokoso pomwe sipamamveke phokoso lalikulu, pafupipafupi mayendedwe ndi chilichonse chomwe chingasokoneze mtendere wawo, popeza ma discus amakonda kuchita mantha.
Tilemba zinthu zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nsombazi zizikhala bwino:
- Sungani madzi oyera, fyuluta yabwino imathandiza. Magawo abwino: pH - kuyambira 6 mpaka 6.5; 10 mpaka 15 dGH; kutentha - kuchokera madigiri 28 mpaka 33. Muyeneranso kuyeretsa nthaka ndikusintha theka la madzi kamodzi pa sabata.
- Nthaka ilibe kanthu, chilichonse chimadalira zomera zomwe mwasankha. Ponena za omalizawa, njira yabwino kwambiri ingakhale ya omwe amalekerera kutentha kwambiri komanso ngati zosefera zachilengedwe: vallisneria, anubias, ndi zina zambiri.
- Kuunikira kowala kwambiri sikofunikira.
- Fyuluta imafunika. Kulibwino mukhale ndi awiri ngati m'modzi mwa iwo atuluka. Mufunikiranso pulogalamu yotenthetsera ndi thermometer.
- Madzi amatha kuyeretsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito ozonation. Koma njirayi igwira ntchito kwa oweta odziwa zambiri, chifukwa ozoni wambiri amatha kupha nsomba za discus. Njira ina ndi ma ultraviolet, omwe ndi otetezeka komanso otsika mtengo.
Amadya chiyani?
Mwachilengedwe, discus imadyetsa mphutsi za tizilombo; mu aquarium, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Nthawi zonse ma virus a magazi, tubifex kapena brine shrimp samadya. Kuphatikiza apo, chakudya chamoyo chotere chimathandizira pakuwoneka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tiziromboti.
Njira yoyenera ingakhale nyama yapadera yosungunuka. Pali maphikidwe ambiri pakukonzekera kwake, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti imakhala ndi michere yonse yofunikira, mavitamini, ballast zinthu, zitsamba, ndi zina zambiri. Nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo mtima wa ng'ombe, nyama ya mussel, nsomba, ma virus a mazira, mavitamini, ndi masamba. Chakudyachi chimaperekedwa kangapo patsiku. Chilichonse chomwe nsomba sanadye nthawi yomweyo chimachotsedwa m'madzi.
Mavuto amatha kubwera chifukwa chodya chakudya chouma, chifukwa ma discus samadya nthawi yomweyo. Nsomba ziyenera kuphunzitsidwa kwa iwo. Kwa milungu iwiri yoyambirira, chakudyachi chimayengedwa m'miyeso yaying'ono ndi mtima wang'ombe.
Kuphatikiza apo, discus imatha kudya masamba a zofewa, mwachitsanzo, kabomba, limfonella, hygrophila, ndi zina zambiri.
Kuswana
Discus si nsomba yosavuta kuweta, koma ngati mukufuna, mutha kuthana ndi ntchitoyi. Choyamba muyenera kusankha awiri. Nthawi zambiri amadzikambirana okha amasankha wokondedwa wawo papaketi. Mutha kumvetsetsa omwe amakonda ndani poyang'anira ziweto.
Mukasankha peyala, imayikidwa mu aquarium yokhala ndi malita osachepera 100. Zofunika pamadzi: zoyera; kutentha kwa madigiri 30 mpaka 32; pH 6 mpaka 6.2. Zomera ndi nthaka m'malo operekera sikofunikira. Kuunikira kuli mdima.
Discus caviar imapangidwa nyengo ndipo imatha kuchitika mpaka maulendo 10. Ndipo ngati clutch yafooka kapena idadyedwa, mutha kuyesanso kuti mwachangu.
Makolo amapatsidwa ziwombankhanga zamagazi, ndipo makanda amadyetsedwa ndi chinthu chapadera chomwe chimabisidwa ndi khungu la akulu. Kawirikawiri pafupifupi 200 mwachangu amabadwa.
Matenda omwe angakhalepo
Dothi la Aquarium limadwala makamaka chifukwa chophwanya malamulo okonzanso. Zikatero, mungakumane ndi mavuto otsatirawa:
- Matenda a bakiteriya - amathandizidwa ndi maantibayotiki. Zizindikiro zoyamba ndikukula kwa mucous nembanemba, yoyera pachimake m'mbali mwa zipsepse, mtundu wakuda, kukana kudya. Ngati simukuchitapo kanthu, ndiye kuti kuwonongeka kumayamba, ndipo maso amakhala mitambo.
- Matenda matumbo. Chakudya choyipa ndiye chomwe chimayambitsa. Ma discus okhudzidwa amakana kudya, amakhala oopsa, ndipo zilonda zam'mitsempha zimawoneka pamapiko ndi kumutu.
- Ziphuphu za mphutsi zimasokoneza mitsempha ndi khungu. Zotsatira zake ndizowopsa. Polimbana, mankhwala apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
- Dropsy. Chifukwa cha mwambowu ndi zakudya zopanda thanzi. Chizindikiro chachikulu ndikutsekemera m'mimba.
- Matenda osiyanasiyana a mafangasi ndi matenda a parasitic.
Pofuna kupewa izi, samalani nsomba za m'madzi za aquarium malinga ndi malamulo onse, pewani kuchuluka kwa anthu mumcherewo ndikuwunika nsomba nthawi zambiri.
