Mmodzi mwa oimira okongola kwambiri, ochititsa chidwi padziko lonse lapansi ndi ofiira. Gulu lokongola la nsomba 10-15, iliyonse yomwe imakongoletsedwa ndi mkanjo wofiira wamadzi, womwe umawoneka pachithunzichi, umakondweretsa onse omwe amakhala m'madzi komanso owonera wamba. Zowonadi, awa ndi mawonekedwe owawa omwe satopa, koma amapatsa chisangalalo, malingaliro osangalatsa komanso kufunitsitsa kuthana ndi chozizwitsa ichi chachilengedwe kunyumba. Zinali zofiira kwambiri mu mtunduwo zomwe zinapatsa dzina gulu lonse la oimira nyama.
Kusunga nsomba sikuyambitsa mavuto ambiri, koma ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi mwachangu, ndiye kuti mukufunikira maluso ena othandiza komanso chidziwitso cha nthanthi. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, ma neon ofiira adawoneka ku Europe nthawi yayitali osati kale kwambiri. Oimira oyamba amtunduwu adayambitsidwa mu 1965. Ndipo ziweto zimabwera ku Soviet Union kokha mu 1961 ndipo kuyambira pamenepo akhala nyama zokondedwa kwa oyamba kumene komanso akatswiri odziwa zamadzi.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Madzi abwino okhala ndi madzi okhala pansi ndiye malo okhala nsomba. Anthu okhala ku Orinoco ndi Rio Negro amamva bwino m'madzi osaya omwe muli udzu wambiri.
Kukula pang'ono, oimira kalasiyi samakula mopitilira masentimita 6 m'litali, anthu am'madzi a aquarium amakhala ocheperako, mpaka 4.5 masentimita. Thupi laling'ono lowongoka kuchokera mbali, mthunzi wa azitona kumbuyo, mzere woyera pamimba pamunsi ndi mzere wowonekera kuchokera kumaso mpaka mchira - ndiwo chithunzi cha chiweto chanu chatsopano. Mwa njira, chithunzicho chikuwonetseratu kuti chovalacho sichikuwala, koma chimangokhala ndi mawonekedwe owunikira kuyatsa kowala. Mwachilengedwe, anthu amakhala zaka pafupifupi 2-3, oimira aquarium ndiatali kwambiri, pali zitsanzo zomwe "zidakondwerera" tsiku lawo lachisanu ndi chiwiri "lobadwa".
Kuti mudziwe kugonana kwa chiweto, muyenera kudziwa mawonekedwe ake, chifukwa iyi ndi nkhani yovuta kwambiri:
- Kukula msinkhu kwa nsomba sikuchitika kale kuposa miyezi 7-9;
- Nsomba yaikazi imakulirapo pang'ono ndipo mimba yake ndi yozungulira;
- The (anal) fin yamwamuna ilibe chimbudzi, monga chachikazi, koma, m'malo mwake, bulge imawonedwa m'malo ano.
Yang'anani chithunzicho, osati nthawi yomweyo, koma muphunzira momwe mungadziwire kugonana kwa nsomba koyamba.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Monga tanenera kale, awa ndi nsomba zophunzirira zomwe zimamveka bwino mgulu la amuna amtundu womwewo 10-15. Kuti ma neon ofiira asangalale, mbale ya oblong yokhala ndi kuchuluka kwa malita 50 ndiyokwanira kwa iwo. Makoma amafunika kumangidwa ndi zomera zam'madzi. Pakatikati pa aquarium muyenera kumasiyidwa mwaulere kuti gulu lisambire. Nthaka zakuda ndizofunikira, koma mchenga wamtsinje wosambitsidwa nthawi zonse, miyala yosweka kapena miyala ingagwire. Ndi bwino kuzimitsa kuyatsa, nsombazi sizilekerera kuwala kowala bwino, ndipo ngakhale mumtengo wofowoka, ziweto zimapambana ndikuwala kwamtundu, komanso zimamva bwino.
Upangiri! Ndikofunika kuwunika mosamala kuuma kwa madzi, mulingo wake uli 5 dH. Pamwambapa, nsomba zimatha kutaya mphamvu zake zoberekera.
Ndibwino kusunga acidity pH = 6, ndipo choyenera kwambiri chachilengedwe ndi peat. Kutentha kwamadzi sikupitirira + 25 ndipo sikuchepera + 22 C. Ndizo zonse zomwe woyambitsa aquarist ayenera kusamalira.
Mkhalidwe wamtendere wa ziweto sizingayambitse nkhawa. Nsomba zimatha kusungidwa ndi mitundu yamtendere yomwe amakonda, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi ofanana. Mwachitsanzo, izi zimatha kukhala minga, gupies ndi nsomba zina zazing'ono. Podyetsa, ma neon ofiira samadzichepetsa kwathunthu: chakudya chochepa chamoyo, mphutsi, nyongolotsi kapena chakudya chouma - zilibe kanthu, koma onetsetsani kuti ziweto sizidya mopitirira muyeso ndipo sizikhala ndi njala. Pogwiritsa ntchito kuyesa, muyenera kupeza mulingo woyenera wodyetsa kamodzi ndikutsatira.
Kuswana
Ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi ana anu ambiri, monga chithunzi chilichonse chokongola, muyenera kuganizira zopeza ana kuchokera kwaomwe amakhala m'madzi. Nyengo yayikulu yoswana ndi kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Epulo. Pali njira ziwiri zokha zopezera mazira: awiri kapena njira yochezera. Nthawi zambiri, mkazi m'modzi amafuna amuna awiri.
Koma zomwe akatswiri amalangiza pakuweta koyenera kwa nsomba:
- kuberekana kumafuna aquarium ya malita 15, sukulu - malita 30;
- malo obzala amadzaza ndi madzi mpaka kutalika kwa 25-35 cm;
- kutentha kumakhala kozolowereka, koma ndibwino kuti musamwe madzi atsopano;
- chotengera chokhala ndi zomera chimaloledwa kuyimirira padzuwa kapena kuunika kwa milungu iwiri;
- kutetezedwa kwamadzi pogwiritsa ntchito radiation ya ultraviolet;
- Lembani pansi pazinthu zopangira ukonde kapena masamba ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono;
- "Opanga" amayenera kusungidwa kutentha pang'ono (mpaka + 23) ndikulandila chakudya chochuluka, koma kutatsala tsiku limodzi kuti musinthe malo oberekera, kudyetsa kumaima.
Kumbukirani kuti nthawi zina nthawi yobereka imachedwa. Sizingakhale zomveka kuti "opanga" azibzala, koma ndizoletsedwa kuwadyetsa pamenepo, kotero ngati palibe kuswana, lolani nsomba "zaulere", ndipo mutatha masiku 3-5 mutha kupanganso.
Chachikulu ndikuti musaphonye mphindi yakutuluka m'mazira a mphutsi omwe amawonekera pambuyo pa maola 36. Onani chithunzi chilichonse - ndichosangalatsa kwambiri, koma ayenera kudyetsedwa! Mwana watsopanoyo akangoyamba kusambira (tsiku lachisanu ndi chimodzi), yambani kudyetsa. Poyambira ndi ma ciliili, amatha kugulidwa m'sitolo iliyonse, kapena posankha chithunzi, cholamulidwa pa intaneti.
Chiyambi cha kudyetsa chimatanthauza kufunika kofewetsa madzi mu aquarium, kuwonjezeka kwa kuuma kwamadzi ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera pazakudya. Ndizosangalatsa kwambiri kuwona moyo wa mwachangu. Kwa masiku 14 oyamba, amabisala pansi pamasamba, kenako chingwe chotalika chimayamba kuwonekera, mitundu ya nsomba zazikulu imawonekera, ndipo nthawi yomwe mwachangu imatenga mtundu wabwinobwino, imatha kubwezeredwa kwa makolo awo, ndiye kuti, kuyikidwanso mu aquarium wamba.
