M'nthawi yathu ino, kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe kumachitika mphindi iliyonse. Zomwe zimasinthira chilengedwe zitha kukhala zamakina, zamankhwala, zachilengedwe, zakuthupi. Iliyonse ya iwo imathandizira mosasunthika mumlengalenga wapadziko lapansi ndikuwonjeza mawonekedwe ake.
Kodi kuipitsa kwamakina ndi chiyani?
Kuwononga kwamakina kumayambitsidwa ndi kuipitsa chilengedwe ndi zinyalala zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimasokoneza chilengedwe. Palibe zovuta zakuthupi kapena zamankhwala, koma zinthu sizisintha kukhala zabwinoko. Zinthu zowononga mpweya zitha kukhala zonyamula ndi zotengera zosiyanasiyana, zinthu zopangidwa ndi ma polymeric, zomangamanga ndi zinyalala zapakhomo, matayala amgalimoto, ma aerosols ndi zinyalala zamakampani zolimba.
Magwero azinyalala zamakina
- zotayira ndi zotayira;
- malo otayidwa pansi ndi manda;
- slags, zopangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zopangidwa ndi ma polymeric.
Zinyalala zamakina sizingowonongeka. Zotsatira zake, amasintha mawonekedwe, amachepetsa mabala azinyama ndi zinyama, komanso amasamutsa malo.
Mlengalenga monga zoipitsa zazikulu za mpweya
Masiku ano, ma aerosol ali mumlengalenga kuchuluka kwa matani mamiliyoni 20. Agawanika kukhala fumbi (tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timamwazikana m'mlengalenga ndikupanga pakutha), utsi (tinthu tomwe timabalalika kwambiri pazinthu zolimba zomwe zimadza chifukwa cha kuyaka, kutuluka kwamadzi, kusinthasintha kwamankhwala, kusungunuka, ndi zina zambiri) ndi nthunzi (tinthu tomwe timadziunjikira munthawi yamagesi). Kutha kwa ma aerosols kulowa m'thupi la munthu kumadalira kuchuluka kwa chiwonetsero. Kulowerera kwake kumatha kukhala kopitilira muyeso kapena kozama (kumayang'ana mu bronchioles, alveoli, bronchi). Zinthu zovulaza zimatha kudziunjikanso mthupi.
Kuphatikiza pakupasula mlengalenga, mpweya umayipitsidwa ndi madzi am'madzi owuma omwe amapangidwa panthawi yoyaka kwamadzi ndi mafuta olimba.
Kukula kwachilengedwe ndi zonyansa zamakina
Kuphatikiza pa zovuta kuwononga zinyalala, mpweya wafumbi umakhala ndi zoyipa, zomwe zimakhudza kuwonekera kwake ndikuwonekera poyera, komanso zimathandizira kusintha kwa microclimate. Kuwonongeka kwamakina kumakhudza malo ozungulira danga, kupitilizabe kutseka. Malinga ndi akatswiri, matani opitilira zikwi zitatu a zinyalala zakumlengalenga adalikundika kale mlengalenga.
Vuto limodzi mwazovuta kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndikuwononga chilengedwe ndi zinyalala zamatauni. Sangafanane ngakhale ndi mafakitale (chaka chilichonse kuchuluka kwa zinyalala zamatauni ndi 3%, m'malo ena kumafikira 10%).
Ndipo, zachidziwikire, kuyika maliro kumathandizanso kuwononga chilengedwe. Chaka chilichonse kufunika kwa malo owonjezera kumawonjezeka kangapo.
Anthu ayenera kuganizira mozama za tsogolo la dziko lathu lapansi. Kusunthira mbali yomweyo, tikudziwononga tokha kuyambika kwa tsoka lachilengedwe.
