Zosagwiritsidwanso ntchito zikuphatikiza chuma chachilengedwe chomwe sichinabwezeretsedwe mwanzeru kapena mwachilengedwe. Izi pafupifupi ndi mitundu yonse yazinthu zamchere ndi mchere, komanso chuma chamtunda.
Mchere
Zowonjezera mchere ndizovuta kuzigawa molingana ndi kutopa, koma pafupifupi miyala yonse ndi mchere sizinthu zosapitsidwanso. Inde, amakhala akupanga mobisa mobisa, koma mitundu yawo yambiri imatenga zaka masauzande ndi mamiliyoni a zaka, ndipo zaka makumi khumi ndi mazana, zochepa zokha zimapangidwa. Mwachitsanzo, madalaivala amakala tsopano akudziwika kuti adayamba zaka 350 miliyoni.
Mitundu, zotsalira zonse zimagawidwa m'madzi (mafuta), olimba (malasha, marble) ndi gasi (gasi, methane). Pogwiritsa ntchito, zinthu zimagawika mu:
- woyaka (shale, peat, gasi);
- miyala (chitsulo ores, titanomagnetites);
- sanali zachitsulo (mchenga, dongo, asibesitosi, gypsum, graphite, mchere);
- miyala yamtengo wapatali (diamondi, emeraldi, jaspi, alexandrite, spinel, jadeite, aquamarine, topazi, miyala yamwala).
Vuto logwiritsa ntchito zakale ndikuti ndikupita patsogolo komanso ukadaulo, anthu akuwagwiritsa ntchito mochulukira, chifukwa chake maubwino ena atha kale m'zaka za zana lino. Kuchuluka kwa zofuna za anthu zakuchulukirachulukira, zinthu zakufa zakale zapadziko lapansi zimadyedwa mwachangu.
Zothandizira nthaka
Mwambiri, zida zanthaka zimakhala ndi dothi lonse lapansi. Ndi gawo la lithosphere ndipo ndizofunikira pamoyo wamtundu wa anthu. Vuto logwiritsa ntchito zida zanthaka ndikuti nthaka ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu chifukwa cha kuchepa, ulimi, chipululu, ndikuchira sikungadziwike ndi diso la munthu. Chaka chilichonse mamilimita awiri okha amapangidwa. Pofuna kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zanthaka, ndikofunikira kuzigwiritsa ntchito moyenera ndikuchitapo kanthu kuti zibwezeretsedwe.
Chifukwa chake, zinthu zosapitsidwanso ndi chuma chamtengo wapatali kwambiri Padziko Lapansi, koma anthu sadziwa momwe angatayire bwino. Chifukwa cha izi, tisiya mbadwa zathu zochepa zachilengedwe, ndipo mchere wina umangotsala pang'ono kugwiritsidwa ntchito, makamaka mafuta ndi gasi, komanso zitsulo zina zamtengo wapatali.
