Anthu ambiri okhulupirira malodza amawona nyama zapadera ndi maso otseguka ngati alendo achilendo ochokera kumayiko ena. Kukumana koyamba ndi nyama zachilendo kunabweretsa mantha komanso mantha mwa anthu. Chinyama chinatchulidwa lemur, kutanthauza "mzimu", "mzimu woyipa". Dzinalo limakhala pazinthu zopanda vuto lililonse.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Lemur ndi cholengedwa chodabwitsa chachilengedwe. Gulu lazasayansi limanena kuti nyani wamphongo wonyowa. Nyani wosazolowereka amasiyana mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa thupi. Anthu akuluakulu a mandimu amakula mpaka mita imodzi, kulemera kwake kwa anyani pafupifupi 8 kg.
Achibale a mitundu yobiriwira amakhala osachepera kasanu, kulemera kwa munthu ndi magalamu 40-50 okha. Matupi osinthasintha a nyama amakhala otalikirana pang'ono, mawonekedwe amutu amawoneka bwino.
Zilimba za nyama zili ngati nkhandwe. Pa iwo vibrissae amapezeka m'mizere - tsitsi lolimba, lodziwika ndi chilichonse chozungulira. Maso otseguka ofiira ofiira achikaso, osakhala obiriwira nthawi zambiri, ali kutsogolo. Amapatsa nyamayo kudabwitsidwa, mantha pang'ono. Ma lemurs akuda amakhala ndi maso ofiira kuthambo omwe amapezeka nyama.
Ma lemurs ambiri amakhala ndi michira yayitali yomwe imagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana: kugwiritsitsa nthambi, kulumpha moyenera, kumakhala ngati chizindikiro kwa abale. Anyani nthawi zonse amayang'anira momwe mchira wapamwambawo ulili.
Zala zisanu zakumtunda ndi kumunsi kwenikweni kwa nyama zimapangidwa kuti zikhale m'mitengo. Chala chachikulucho chimachotsedwa pa zina zonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nyama ikhale yolimba. Chala chakuphazi chachiwiri, chokulitsidwa m'litali, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pothana ndi ubweya wandiweyani, womwe umatchedwa chimbudzi.
Misomali yazala zina zakumanja ndiyapakatikati. Mitundu yambiri yamanyani imasamalira tsitsi lawo ndi mano awo - amadziluma komanso kunyambita iwowo ndi anzawo.
Lemurs ndiokwera kwambiri kukwera mitengo chifukwa chazala zawo zolimba ndi mchira.
Lemurs, omwe amakhala makamaka pamutu pa mitengo yayitali, amakhala ndi zotambalala zazitali kuposa zamphongo kuti apachikike ndikugwiritsitsa nthambi. Nyama "Zapadziko lapansi" zimasiyana, m'malo mwake, m'miyendo yakumbuyo, yomwe ndi yayitali kuposa kutsogolo.
Mtundu wa nyama ndi wosiyanasiyana: imvi-bulauni, bulauni ndi utoto wofiyira, mtundu wobiriwira. Mizere yakuda ndi yoyera yaubweya pamchira wokutidwa imakongoletsa mandimu.
Mwachilengedwe, anyani amitundu yosiyanasiyana amakhala ndi moyo wosangalala usiku komanso nthawi zina. Ndi kuyamba kwa mdima, mitundu yazifupi, anyani owonda thupi, amadzuka. Kufuula koopsa, kulira kwa kulumikizana ndi abale kumawopseza omwe akumva koyamba.
Pali mitundu yambiri yama lemurs yomwe imasiyana m'maonekedwe ndi mtundu.
Indri lemurs ndi "nthawi yamasana" kwambiri malinga ndi malo awo okhala - nthawi zambiri amawoneka akutuluka padzuwa m'nkhalango zamitengo.
Lemur indri
Mitundu ya Lemur
Pankhani ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma lemurs, zokambirana zatsala, popeza magulu angapo odziyimira okha apangidwa kutengera mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazidziwitso. Chosatsutsika ndi kupezeka kwamitundu yambiri yamanyani yofananira yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe ofanana, koma mawonekedwe ofunikira, kukula kwa utoto, zizolowezi zawo, moyo wawo.
Madagascar aye. Nyani amakhala m'nkhalango zotentha, pafupifupi samatsika. Chovala chovalacho ndi chofiirira. Pamutu wozungulira pali lalanje, nthawi zina maso achikaso, makutu akulu onga makapu.
Mano a ku Madagascar ndi apadera - mawonekedwe opindika a incisors ndi akulu kuposa kukula kwake. Nyaniwo adakhazikika m'mbali mwa nkhalango kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa chilumbachi, m'nkhalango zakum'mawa.
Mbali yapadera ya aye ndi kupezeka kwa chala chochepa thupi chomwe lemur amatulutsa mphutsi m'ming'alu
Pygmy lemur. Ndikosavuta kuzindikira nyani wamphongo ndi msana wake wabulauni, mimba yoyera yokhala ndi mthunzi wotuwa. Kukula kwa nyani wamphongo ndikofanana ndi kukula kwa mbewa yayikulu - kutalika kwa thupi ndi mchira ndi 17-19 cm, kulemera kwake ndi 30-40 g.
Mphuno ya pygmy lemur yafupikitsidwa, maso amawoneka akulu kwambiri chifukwa cha mphete zakuda kuzungulira. Makutu ndi achikopa, pafupifupi amaliseche. Kutali, malingana ndi kayendedwe kake, chinyama chikuwoneka ngati gologolo wamba.
Pygmy mbewa lemur
Lemur yazing'ono. Chinyamacho chimakhala chachikulu, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 26 mpaka 29. Unyinji wa munthu ndi pafupifupi 1 kg. Ubweya wofiirira umaphimba kumbuyo; mzera pafupifupi wakuda umadutsa m'mphepete mwake. Ma lemur ang'onoang'ono amakhala ndi tulo usiku ndikugona masana.
Amakhala m'nkhalango zachinyezi kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Madagascar. Zokoma za anyani ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso zowutsa mudyo.
Lemur yazing'ono
Lemur yachitsulo. Mwa achibale, lemur iyi imadziwika kwambiri. Dzina lachiwiri la anyani ndi Lemur yachitsulo. Anthu am'deralo amatcha nyama katta kapena poppies. Maonekedwe akufanana ndi mphaka wamba ndi mchira waukulu wamizere.
Kutalika kwa zokongoletsa zapamwamba za lemur ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kulemera kwake. Kukula kwa mchira ndi kukula kwake kumathandiza kwambiri pakupanga kulumikizana ndi amuna omwe akupikisana nawo komanso abale ena.
Mtundu wa catta lemurs ndi wotuwa kwambiri, nthawi zina pamakhala anthu okhala ndi utoto wofiirira. Mimba, miyendo ndi yopepuka kuposa kumbuyo, miyendo yoyera. Maso mozungulira ubweya wakuda.
M'makhalidwe a ma lemurs amiyala, amadziwika ndi zochitika masana, khalani pansi. Cattas amasonkhana m'magulu akulu, mpaka anthu 30 ndi ogwirizana m'banjamo.
Pali mphete khumi ndi zitatu zakuda ndi zoyera kumchira wa lemor-tailed lemur
Lemur macaco. Nyani zazikulu, mpaka 45 cm kutalika, zolemera pafupifupi 3 kg. Mchirawo ndiwotalika kuposa thupi, umafika masentimita 64. Zoyipa zakugonana zimawonetsedwa mu mtundu wakuda wamwamuna, akazi ndi opepuka - ubweya wa mabokosi kumbuyo umaphatikizidwa ndi kamvekedwe kofiirira kapena imvi pamimba.
Magulu aubweya amatuluka m'makutu: oyera mwa akazi, akuda mwa amuna. Pachimake pa ntchito nyani kumachitika masana ndi madzulo. Nthawi yomwe ndimakonda ndi nthawi yamvula. Dzina lachiwiri la macaque ndi mandimu wakuda.
Male ndi wamkazi lemur macaco
Lemur lori. Pali mikangano yambiri yokhudza anyani omwe ali a lemurs. Kufanana kwakunja, njira yamoyo ikufanana ndi nzika za Madagascar, koma a Loriev amakhala ku Vietnam, Laos, Java Islands, ku Central Africa. Kupezeka kwa mchira kumasiyanitsanso ndi ma lemurs ena.
Okhazikika amasinthidwa kuti azikhala mumitengo, ngakhale sangadumphe. Moyo wa Lemur imakhala yogwira usiku, masana amagona m'misasa yokhala ndi zisoti zachifumu zapamwamba.
Lemur chithupsa. Mwa achibale, izi ndi nyama zazikulu zazitali 50-55 cm, mchira umafika 55-65 cm, kulemera kwa munthu wamba ndi 3.5-4.5 kg. Mtundu wa primate wosiyanitsa ndi utoto: mandimu oyera ngati wokulidwa ndi mchira wakuda, mimba yakuda ndi nkhope ya miyendo kuchokera mkati.
Mphuno imakhalanso yakuda, kokha mkombero wa ubweya wowala umayenda mozungulira maso. Ndevu zoyera zomwe zimamera kuchokera m'makutu.
Lemur wiritsani woyera
Moyo ndi malo okhala
A Lemurs amakhala mokhazikika chifukwa chodziphatikiza ndi gawo lokhalamo. M'mbuyomu, nyama zinkakhala kudera lonse la Madagascar ndi Comoros. Pomwe panalibe adani achilengedwe, anthu amakula mwachangu chifukwa chakusiyanasiyana kwa chakudya.
Lero lemurs ku Madagascar Anapulumuka m'mapiri okhaokha komanso m'malo azilumba zosiyana ndi nkhalango zowirira, udzu wamtchire. Nthawi zina anthu olimba mtima amapezeka m'mapaki a mzinda, malo otayira.
Nyani ambiri amakhala m'mabanja, kuyambira anthu atatu mpaka 30. Lamulo lokhazikika ndi olamulira olamulira m'magulu a lemurs. Nthawi zonse amalamulira paketiyo lemur wamkazi yomwe imasankha okha zibwenzi. Amayi achichepere, akukula, nthawi zambiri amakhala mgulu, mosiyana ndi amuna omwe amapita kumadera ena.
Lemurs ambiri amasonkhana m'magulu akulu amabanja.
Mosiyana ndi magulu am'banja, pali anthu omwe amakonda kukhala okha kapena kukhala ndi mnzawoyo m'mafilimu.
Mabanja, kutengera kuchuluka kwa anthu, amakhala m'madera "awo", okhala ndi timbewu tambiri, mkodzo. Derali limayambira mahekitala 10 mpaka 80. Malire amatetezedwa mosamala kuti asakhudzidwe ndi alendo, amadziwika ndi zokopa pamtengo wamtengo, nthambi zoluma. Amuna ndi akazi omwe akuchita nawo kutsata kuwonongeka kwa tsambalo.
Ma lemurs ambiri amakhala mumitengo, mchira wautali ukuwathandiza kuyenda. Amapanga mapanga, malo ogona, momwe amapumulamo, kugona, ndi kuswana. M'mabowo amitengo, mpaka anthu 10-15 amatha kudziunjikira patchuthi.
Lemur sifaka
Mitundu ina imagona mwachindunji panthambizo, ndikuzimata ndi patsogolo. Popuma, nyama zimakhotakhota mchira wawo mozungulira thupi.
Ma lemurs ambiri amayenda maulendo ataliatali pambali pa nthambi za zomera. Kusunthira pansi kumathandizanso kudumpha mothandizidwa ndi miyendo iwiri kapena inayi. Nyani zamphongo za Verro zimatha kuphimba mamitala 9-10 pakulumpha kamodzi. Kuyankhulana pakati pa anyani ndikung'ung'udza kapena kuyeretsa mosinthana ndi mayitanidwe osinthasintha.
Nyani zina zimachita dzanzi m'nyengo yadzuwa. Chitsanzo chingakhale chikhalidwe cha ma pygmy lemurs. Thupi la nyama sililandira zakudya, koma limadya mafuta omwe amasungidwa kale.
Nyama zachilengedwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala chakudya cha adani; akadzidzi, njoka, ndi mongoose zimawasaka. Gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a mbewa zonse za mbewa zimagwera adani achilengedwe. Kubereketsa mwachangu kumathandizira kuti anthu asungidwe.
Zakudya zabwino
Zakudya zamalamulo zimayang'aniridwa ndi zakudya zamasamba. Zokonda zimasiyana pamitundu ndi mitundu. Anyani omwe amakhala pamitengo amadya zipatso zakupsa, mphukira zazing'ono, inflorescence, mbewu, masamba. Ngakhale makungwa a mitengo kwa anthu akuluakulu amakhala chakudya.
Madagascar aeons amakonda mkaka wa kokonati, mango mu chakudya, maphwando agolide a lemur pamapesi a nsungwi, mandimu a mphete amakonda tsiku lachi India. Anthu ang'onoang'ono amadya mphutsi za tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, utomoni wazomera, timadzi tokoma ndi mungu wa maluwa.
Kuphatikiza pa kubzala chakudya, mandimu amatha kudyetsedwa ndi kafadala, agulugufe, akangaude, mphemvu. Mbewa lemur imadya achule, tizilombo, chameleons. Zitsanzo zakudya mbalame zazing'ono ndi mazira ochokera ku zisa amafotokozedwa. Lemur ya nyama Indri nthawi zina amadya nthaka kuti athetse poizoni wazomera.
Njira zodyera zimafanana ndi anthu, choncho yang'anani anyani anyani akudya zoo kapena nyumba ya lemur zosangalatsa nthawi zonse. Zakudya za nyama zoweta zimatha kusintha, koma eni ake ayenera kulingalira za kadyedwe ka nyama.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Kutha msinkhu kumachitika koyambirira kwa ma lemurs omwe ndi ochepa kukula. Anthu amdima amakhala okonzeka kubereka ana chaka chimodzi, chachikulu indri - pofika zaka zisanu.
Pachithunzicho, lemur yovekedwa ndi mwana
Khalidwe laukwati limafotokozedwa ndi kulira mokweza, kufuna kwa anthu kudzipukutira kwa womusankhayo, kuti amudziwe ndi fungo lawo. Magulu okonda amuna okhaokha amapangidwa mu indri lemurs okha, amakhalabe okhulupirika mpaka imfa ya wokondedwa wawo. Amuna amitundu ina samachita chidwi ndi ana omwe amawoneka, chidwi chawo chimapita kwa mnzake wotsatira.
Mimba ya akazi imatenga miyezi iwiri mpaka 7.5. Ana a mitundu yambiri ya mandimu samawoneka kamodzi pachaka. Kupatula kwake ndi Madagascar aye, wamkazi yemwe amanyamula mwana kamodzi zaka 2-3.
Ana, osachepera awiri, amabadwa opanda thandizo, olemera magalamu 100-120. Nyenyeswa sizimva chilichonse, tsegulani maso kwa masiku 3-5. Kuyambira pakubadwa, kumvetsetsa komwe kumawonekera - amapeza mkaka m'mimba mwa mayi mwachangu. Kukula, anawo amapita kumbuyo kwa wamkazi kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yotsatira.
Amayi osamala amayang'anitsitsa othawa mpaka atakula. Mwana amene amagwa mumtengo amatha kupha.
A Loris lemurs akuwonetsa tsankho kwa mnzake. Amadziwika ndi kusankha kwambiri. Ali mu ukapolo, zimakhala zovuta kuti akwatirane chifukwa chosankha zochepa, anthu ambiri kumalo osungira nyama alibe ana.
Nthawi yayitali ya anyani ndi zaka 20, ngakhale zambiri zodalirika zamtundu uliwonse zikusowa. Kuphunzira kwa nkhaniyi kunayambika posachedwa. Odzidzimutsa ndi anthu omwe moyo wawo udakhala zaka 34-37.
Lemur ya ana
Lemur mu chithunzi nthawi zonse amakopeka ndi mawonekedwe odabwitsidwa. M'moyo, cholengedwa chaching'ono chotetezedwa ichi chimapambana ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera, mawonekedwe apadera.
