Ntchito yayikulu yanthaka ndi chonde. Chifukwa cha ichi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera imamera kuchokera pamenepo, popeza zakudya, kufunika kwa mpweya ndi chinyezi kukhutitsidwa, ndipo moyo wabwinobwino umaperekedwa. Uchembere umawonekera nthaka zikamagwirizana.
Zida zadothi
- madzi;
- humus;
- mchenga;
- mchere wa potaziyamu;
- dongo;
- nayitrogeni;
- phosphorous.
Kutengera mtundu wa mankhwala, chonde cha dzikolo chitha kuyerekezedwa. Izi zimatsimikiziranso mtundu wa nthaka. Si mitundu yonse ya nthaka yomwe ili ndi chonde chochuluka, chifukwa chake mitundu ina imakhala yamtengo wapatali kuposa ina, mwachitsanzo nthaka yakuda. Kutengera ndi nthaka yachonde, anthu adakhazikika kumeneko kuyambira nthawi zakale. Mwinamwake kupezeka kwa dziwe lapafupi ndi nthaka yachonde ndizo zikhalidwe zazikulu pakupanga midzi ya anthu.
Zomwe zimakhudza chonde padziko lapansi
Nthaka ndi njira yabodza yomwe imakula motsatira malamulo ake. Vutoli limakhalanso chifukwa chakuti nthaka yatha mofulumira, koma imabwezeretsedwa ndikupangidwa pang'onopang'ono. M'chaka cha 2 millimeter dothi limapezeka, motero ndi gwero lachilengedwe lofunika kwambiri.
Pofuna kukhalabe ndi chonde, m'pofunika kuchita izi:
- imapereka mulingo woyenera wamadzi (samatsogolera kunthaka, komanso sudzaza nthaka);
- kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera feteleza ndi agrochemistry;
- ngati kuli kotheka, gwiritsani ntchito njira yothirira;
- kuletsa kutentha kwa madzi;
- kuchepetsa kudzikundikira kwa sodium ndi mitundu ingapo yamchere.
Kuyika zonsezi muulimi ndi madera ena okhudzana ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka nthaka, ndizotheka kusunga nthaka. Zimalimbikitsidwanso kuti muzisinthanitsa mbewu za mbewu zosiyanasiyana. Kamodzi pakatha zaka zochepa (zaka 3-4) muyenera kupatsa nthaka "mpumulo". Panthawiyi, mwachitsanzo, mutha kubzala ndi zitsamba zapachaka ndi zitsamba.
Chonde chimakhudzidwa ndi kuipitsa. Ngati ndi kotheka, magwero onse oyipitsa akuyenera kuchotsedwa. Kumene malowa ali pafupi ndi chilengedwe, kubereka kumakhala kokwanira. Minda mkati mwa mizinda komanso pafupi nawo, pafupi ndi mabizinesi amakampani, misewu yayikulu ikutha kubereka.
Chifukwa chake, chonde ndikuthekera kwa dziko lapansi kupatsa moyo zomera. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu kulima mbewu. Nthaka singagwiritsidwe ntchito mopitilira muyeso, apo ayi chonde ungachepe, kapena kutha kwathunthu.
