Akatswiri azachilengedwe amakwiya chifukwa chakuwona zamkati ndi mphero pamapope a Rybinsk. Ntchitoyi, yomwe ikulonjeza kuti idzakhala yayikulu kwambiri ku Europe, ikuchitika ndi gulu la makampani a SVEZA mogwirizana ndi a Finns. “Aloleni apange chigayo cha zamkati ndi zamapepala, pokhapokha ngati zinthu zitatu zakwaniritsidwa: ngati ntchito ya mbewuyo ndi Chifinishi, ngati a Finns adzaimanga, komanso ngati chomera chikumangidwa ku Finland! - akatswiri azachilengedwe amatsutsa. "Chomeracho chidzapha Volga ndikusintha miyoyo ya anthu ku gehena."
Momwe zonse zinayambira
Zinkaganiziridwa kuti ntchitoyi, yomwe ikukakamizidwa ndi Aleksey Mordashov, wamkulu wa Severstal, idzayendetsedwa ngati mgwirizano wapagulu ndi anthu wamba komanso kukopa ngongole zakunja. Zowonadi, mu Seputembara 2018, kampani yaku Finnish Valmet idachita mgwirizano wamgwirizano ndi SVEZA ngati wogulitsa zida zamisonkhano ku Vologda PPM. Kwenikweni, malinga ndi chidziwitso china, zopangidwa ndi zamkati zatsopano ndi zopangira mapepala ziperekedwa ku Finland: a Finns eni ake sawononga zachilengedwe zawo, amatseka mphero zawo zamapepala ndi mapepala, monga mayiko ambiri aku Europe, pozindikira momwe izi ziliri zowopsa. Koma pepala likufunika! Izi zikutanthauza kuti adzagula kuchokera ku Russia, yomwe pazifukwa zina sizimvera chisoni chuma chake kapena anthu ake.
"Ntchito yomanga idzabweretsa kuwonongeka kosatha m'chilengedwe, motero, thanzi - lathu ndi ana athu ndi zidzukulu zathu! - akatswiri azachilengedwe amakwiya. - Aloleni apange chigayo cha zamkati ndi zamapepala, pokhapokha ngati zinthu zitatu zakwaniritsidwa: ngati ntchito ya mbewuyo ndi Chifinishi, ngati a Finns adzaimanga, komanso ngati chomeracho chimangidwa ku Finland! "
Kusayina contract yomanga
Akatswiri azachilengedwe akhala akuimba mabelu onse kuyambira 2013, pomwe gulu la makampani a SVEZA ndi boma la Vologda Region zidasainirana mgwirizano pakupanga malo amkati ndi malo ogulitsa mapepala ku malo osungira a Rybinsk ofunika $ 2 biliyoni. Amalonda sanachite manyazi chifukwa chakuti miyezi isanu ndi umodzi m'mbuyomo, mokakamizidwa ndi anthu, Baikal Pulp ndi Paper Mill pomalizira pake anaimitsidwa, akuwononga nyanja yayikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Mpheroyo ikukonzekera kupanga matani 1.3 miliyoni a mapadi, ndipo mphero iyi idzakhala yamphamvu kasanu ndi kawiri kuposa mphero ya Baikal. Pali zambiri kuti zomangamanga zitha kuyamba chaka chino.
Mu 2013, nkhani yokhudza ngozi yomwe ikubwera posachedwa idadzetsa ziwonetsero zambiri kuchokera kwa anthu okhala m'chigawo cha Cherepovets ndi Vologda Region, komanso Yaroslavl ndi Tver Regions. Kuphatikiza apo, makasitomala a ntchitoyi adakana kulumikizana ndi anthu, okhalamo sanaloledwe kupezeka konse "kumvetsera pagulu" konse, zotsatira zake zinali zabodza. Pakadali pano, olimbikitsa ufulu wawo asonkhanitsa zikwi zoposa zikwi khumi za otsutsa. Omenyera ufulu wawo adasuma kukhothi kuti aphwanye ufulu wawo, koma khothi lidakana izi, ndikudalira anthu omwe ali ndi ndalama - gulu la SVEZA.
"SVEZA", kuwonjezera pa zonena kuti chomeracho chidzakhala ndi malo amakono azachipatala ndikugwiranso ntchito matekinoloje atsopano, kenako adalengezanso kuti zikomo zamkati ndi mphero, ntchito zatsopano zidzawonekera. “Mtsutsowu ndi wokhota. Onse okhala ku Khothi, komwe zigayo zamkati ndi mapepala amayenera kuwonekera, amapita kukagwira ntchito ku Cherepovets. Ndipo kuchokera ku Severstal, podzinamizira, adayamba kuchotsa anthu omwe adasaina chiwonetserochi, "wazachilengedwe waku Lydia Baikova adatsutsa poyankha.
Makalata opita kwa Purezidenti
Mu Januwale 2015, wapampando wa bungwe loyang'anira zachilengedwe la Yaroslavl "Green Branch" Lidiya Baikova adapempha Purezidenti wa Russian Federation kuti alowerere nawo pa chisankho chomanga zamkati ndi mphero pamapope a Rybinsk. Zowona, kalata yochokera kwa oyang'anira Purezidenti idatumizidwa kuboma la dera la Vologda, ndipo dipatimenti yachitukuko cha zachuma m'chigawo cha Vologda idachoka ndi yankho lovomerezeka. "Tidadziwitsidwa kuti ntchitoyi ichepetsa zachilengedwe, ndipo malinga ndi magawo ena, chomeracho chikuyeretsa ngakhale dziwe la Rybinsk," atero a Lidia Baikova.
“Akatswiri amakumbukira kutuluka kwantchito kokha panthawi yantchito yabwinobwino. Ndipo ngakhale ukadaulo ungavomereze zomangamanga ndipo chomera chikhale ndi makina amakono komanso othandiza kuyeretsa, nthawi zonse pamakhala ngozi, - atero Ilya Chugunov, katswiri wazachitetezo cha mafakitale, wazachilengedwe ku Saratov. - Ndipo izi sizilingaliridwa. Koma pakachitika ngozi, madzi ochuluka owonongeka omwe ali ndi zinthu zapoizoni zosiyanasiyana amatha kulowa mosungiramo. Ndipo kuwonongeka komwe kudachitika kudera lamadzi la Rybinsk posungira ndi Volga yonse kudzakhala mamiliyoni, ndipo ngati ngozi ichedwa, ngakhale mabiliyoni ambiri. Osanenapo za kuwonongeka kwa zinyama ndi zinyama ”.
Kazembe wa Chigawo cha Yaroslavl a Dmitry Mironov adateteza Volga, dziwe la Rybinsk komanso nzika zakomweko. Kwa zaka zambiri, adalankhula mobwerezabwereza kwa Purezidenti wa Russian Federation Vladimir Putin, komanso wamkulu wa boma la Russia a Dmitry Medvedev, ndikufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane zotsatira zoyipa zakukula kwa chomera m'dera la Vologda. Wachiwiri kwa a Valentina Tereshkova, omwe tsopano akutsogolera gulu logwira ntchito ku State Duma, lomwe lidzamvetse momwe zinthu zilili, alinso ndi chidwi ndi makalata a Mironov. Vladimir Putin adalangiza wamkulu wa Unduna wa Zachilengedwe a Dmitry Kobylkin kuti athetse vutoli.
"Kuwerengedwa kunachitika kuti ngati miyezo ya umuna idaphwanyidwa, dziwe la Rybinsk lingawonongeke mwezi umodzi wokha," adatero aphungu aku 2014.
Ndipo zomwe zili ndi zamkati ndi mphero zamapepala ndizowopsa kumbali zonse. Choyamba, akatswiri azachilengedwe amachenjeza, chomeracho chiziwononga nkhalango zakomweko! Malinga ndi Forest Code of the Russian Federation, kudula mitengo mwachisawawa nkoletsedwa m'nkhalango zomwe zimagwira ntchito zoteteza zachilengedwe ndi zinthu zina, ndipo ntchito zomanga likulu ndizoletsedwa m'malo am'mapaki a nkhalango, kupatula zida zama hydraulic. Ndipo kusintha kwa malire a madera a nkhalango, madera obiriwira ndi nkhalango zamatawuni, zomwe zitha kubweretsa kuchepa mdera lawo, siziloledwa. Komabe, mwanjira ina nkhalango zakomweko zidasinthidwa kukhala malo ogulitsa, ngakhale izi ndizosaloledwa.
Zowopsa zachilengedwe
Kachiwiri, zachidziwikire, zinthu zowopsa zimapangidwira chilengedwe cha gawoli! Pogwiritsa ntchito mphero zamkati ndi zamapepala, amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owopsa - zamkati ndi mphero zamapepala nthawi zambiri zimakhala za mtundu woyamba wa zoopsa. Madzi onyansa amapangidwa, omwe amanyamula gulu lonse la mankhwala osiyanasiyana: awa ndi diorganyl ndi organyl sulphate, ma chloride ndi ma chlorates a potaziyamu ndi chlorine, phenols, mafuta acids, dioxins, zitsulo zolemera. Mlengalenga umadetsedwanso, momwe umatulutsamo unyinji wa mankhwala owopsa kwambiri. Pomaliza, pali vuto losunga ndi kutaya zinyalala: zimawotchedwa (koma izi ndizovulaza kwambiri m'mlengalenga), kapena zasonkhanitsidwa (monga zidachitikira pa Nyanja ya Baikal, zomwe zidabweretsa zovuta zazikulu pomwe mphero zamkati ndi mphero zidatsekedwa).
Mwa njira, m'mbuyomu, pokakamizidwa ndi anthu, gulu la SVEZA lidalengeza za EIA (kuwunika kwakukhudzidwa ndi chilengedwe). Zowona, kuwononga iwowo. Mwamwayi, patatha chaka kuchokera m'matumbo ndi pamphero, Rybinsk posungira akhoza kulandira 28,6 miliyoni m3 a madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Inde, madzi onyansa amadutsa magawo asanu oyeretsa, komabe, malinga ndi kuwerengera, m'madzi omwe amatulutsidwa mosungira zinthu zingapo zamankhwala, zakumbuyo zidzapitilizidwa kangapo (mpaka maulendo 100). Ndipo zotulutsa mumlengalenga zidzafika matani 7134 pachaka, ndipo zigwera kumtunda kwa mlengalenga. Kuchuluka kwa zinyalala kumatha kufikira matani 796,000 pachaka!
Pomaliza, ngozi ina ndikusowa kwa Volga, ndikutanthauzira kwenikweni kwa mawuwo!
Malinga ndi UNESCO, malita 10 amadzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga pepala limodzi loyera. Ndipo Vologda PPM ikukonzekera kutenga madzi okwana 25 miliyoni cubic metres pachaka ndi mphamvu yokonzedweratu ya chomerayo pa 1 miliyoni cubic metres ya cellulose pachaka! Kodi tingapeze kuti madzi ochulukirapo pomwe Volga sikuti imangobanika chifukwa cha kuipitsa kwina, kuphatikiza kuchokera kumabizinesi angapo ku Cherepovets (komwe kulinso malo opangira Severstal), komanso osaya!
Kuwonongeka kwa Volga
Kumayambiriro kwa Meyi 2019, nzika za Kazan, Ulyanovsk, Samara, Nizhny Novgorod ndi mizinda ina ya Volga idalira: madzi mu Volga adachoka, m'malo osabereka mpaka pansi! Ogwira ntchito zachilengedwe akufotokoza kuti: vutoli lili pakugwa kwa magetsi opangira magetsi okwana 9 ku Volga. Volga idasiya kukhala ndi moyo wamtsinje wachilengedwe ndipo umalamulidwa ndi munthu. Madamu, mwa njira, ndi opunduka.
Koma zaka zingapo zapitazo, Vladimir Putin adanena kuti, pokhudzana ndi kufunikira kokweza zokopa za mitsinje ku Russia, kufunika kofulumira kukonza njira zamadzi ndikuthana ndi vuto lakuchepetsa njira ya Volga. Koma ngati zamkati ndi mphero zitenga madzi onse ku Volga, yomwe yanyamuka kale, nanga nanga ndani angatsatire malangizo a Purezidenti?!
Tsopano pali maphunziro 39 a Russian Federation ku Volga, pafupifupi theka la anthu aku Russia amakhala kuno! Kwa nthawi yayitali kwakhala vuto la madzi amtundu wa Volga, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popezera madzi. “Kodi mabanja athu azikhala bwanji tikamamizidwa madzi abwino? Tidzamwa chiyani, tidzalima bwanji mbewu ndi ndiwo zamasamba m'minda yathu, tidzadyetsa bwanji ana athu ngati Rybinsk Reservoir ndi Volga zisandulika malo otaya zinyalala? " - akatswiri azachilengedwe akumaloko akwiya, akukhulupirira kuti zotsatira za ntchito ya zamkati zatsopano ndi zamapepala zitha kukhala kupululutsa poyerekeza nzika zakomweko. Osanenapo zachilengedwe za madera: madzi, zomera ndi zinyama zitha kuwonongedwa.