Anamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Mongolia "Gobi" - nthaka yopanda madzi kapena malo owonongeka. Chipululu ichi ndi chachikulu kwambiri ku Asia, komwe kuli malo okwana pafupifupi 1.3 miliyoni ma kilomita. A Gobi, ndipo monga momwe amatchulidwira kalekale, chipululu cha Shamo, adatambasula malire ake kuchokera kumapiri a Tien Shan ndi Altai mpaka kumapiri a North China, kumpoto kudutsa mosadukiza mapiri a Mongolia, akumwera kumwera mpaka kuchigwa cha mtsinje. Huang Ho.
Kwa zaka mazana ambiri Gobi wakhala malire a dziko lokhalamo anthu ndi nyengo yovuta kwambiri. Komabe, adapitilizabe kukopa anthu ofuna kuyenda komanso okonda zachikondi. Kukongola kosema mwachilengedwe kwamiyala, madambo amchere ndi mchenga kumapangitsa chipululu ichi kukhala chimodzi mwazodabwitsa kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Nyengo
Chipululu cha Gobi chili ndi nyengo yovuta kwambiri yomwe sinasinthe kwazaka makumi khumi. Gobi ili kumtunda kwa pafupifupi mazana asanu ndi anayi mphambu theka ndi theka mita kumtunda kwa nyanja. Kutentha kwa chilimwe kuno kumakwera kuposa madigiri makumi anayi ndi asanu, ndipo nthawi yozizira imatha kutsika mpaka 40. Kuphatikiza pa kutentha koteroko, mphepo yamkuntho yamkuntho, mchenga ndi mphepo yamkuntho sizachilendo m'chipululu. Kutentha kumatsika pakati pa usana ndi usiku kumatha kufika madigiri 35.
Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, m'chipululu muno muli mvula yambiri, mpaka mamilimita 200. Mvula yambiri imachitika ngati mvula yamkuntho yapakatikati pakati pa Meyi ndi Seputembara. M'nyengo yozizira, matalala ambiri amabwera kuchokera kumapiri a Kummwera kwa Siberia, omwe amasungunuka ndikunyowetsa nthaka. M'madera akumwera kwa chipululu, nyengo imakhala yotentha kwambiri chifukwa cha mvula yomwe imabwera kuchokera kunyanja ya Pacific.
Zomera
The Gobi ndi osiyanasiyana mu maluwa ake. Nthawi zambiri m'chipululu mumakhala zomera monga:
Saksaul ndi shrub kapena mtengo wawung'ono wokhala ndi nthambi zambiri zokhota. Amadziwika kuti ndi amodzi mwa mafuta abwino kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Karagana ndi shrub mpaka mamitala 5 kutalika. Poyamba, utoto unkapezeka kuchokera ku khungwa la shrub. Tsopano amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera chokongoletsera kapena kulimbikitsa malo otsetsereka.
Grebenshik, dzina lina la tamarisk, ndi shrub wobiriwira nthawi zonse kapena mtengo wawung'ono. Amakula makamaka m'mbali mwa mitsinje, koma amathanso kupezeka pamadontho amchenga a Gobi.
Mukasunthira kumwera m'chipululu, masambawo amakhala ochepa. Ziphuphu, zitsamba zazing'ono ndi zomera zina zosakula kwambiri zimayamba kufalikira. Oimira odziwika akumadera akumwera ndi rhubarb, astragalus, saltpeter, thermopsis ndi ena.
Rhubarb
Astragalus
Selitryanka
Thermopsis
Zomera zina zimakhala zaka mazana asanu ndi limodzi.
Nyama
Woimira owoneka bwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi la Gobi Desert ndi Bactrian (ngamila ya ma humped awiri).
Bactrian - Bactrian Ngamila
Ngamila iyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi ubweya wonenepa, womwe umakonda kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Wachiwiri wodziwika bwino wa nyama ndi akavalo a Przewalski.
Imakhalanso ndi mulu wandiweyani womwe umalola kuti ipulumuke m'malo ovuta achipululu.
Ndipo, zowonadi, nthumwi yodabwitsa kwambiri yazinyama za m'chipululu cha Gobi ndi Mazalai kapena chimbalangondo chofiirira cha Gobi.
Kum'mwera kwa Big Gobi Reserve ndi malo a Mazalaya. Chimbalangondo ichi chidalembedwa mu Red Book ndipo chimatetezedwa ndi boma, popeza pali pafupifupi 30 padziko lapansi.
Abuluzi, makoswe (makamaka ma hamsters), njoka, arachnids (woimira wotchuka kwambiri ndi kangaude wa ngamila), nkhandwe, ma hares ndi ma hedgehogs amakhalanso mosiyanasiyana mchipululu.
Kangaude wa ngamila
Mbalame
Dziko lokhala ndi nthenga lilinso losiyana - ma busards, ma crane, ziwombankhanga, miimba, nkhandwe.
Wopanda
Crane ya steppe
Mphungu
Mbalame
Sarych
Malo
Dera la Gobi lili pafupifupi madera ofanana ndi Central Europe ndi kumpoto kwa United States. Chipululu chimakhudza mayiko awiri - gawo lakumwera kwa Mongolia komanso kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa China. Idatambasula pafupifupi makilomita 800 m'lifupi ndi 1.5 makilomita zikwi.
Mapu Achipululu
Mpumulo
Mpumulo wa m'chipululu ndiwosiyanasiyana. Awa ndi milu yamchenga, malo otsetsereka a mapiri, zitunda zamiyala, nkhalango za saxaul, mapiri amiyala ndi mabedi amitsinje zomwe zauma kwa zaka zambiri. Milu yokhala ndi magawo asanu okha a magawo onse am'chipululu, gawo lake lalikulu limakhala ndi miyala.
Asayansi amasiyanitsa zigawo zisanu:
- Alashan Gobi (theka-chipululu);
- Gashunskaya Gobi (chipululu);
- Dzungarian Gobi (theka-chipululu);
- Trans-Altai Gobi (chipululu);
- Mongolia Gobi (chipululu).
Zosangalatsa
- Achi China amatcha chipululu ichi Khan-Khal kapena nyanja yowuma, zomwe ndizowona. Kupatula apo, kamodzi dera la Gobi Desert linali pansi pa nyanja yakale ya Tesis.
- Dera la Gobi ndilofanana ndi dera lonselo la Spain, France ndi Germany.
- Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti chidwi cha ΒΌ mwa ma dinosaur onse omwe adapezeka padziko lapansi adapezeka ku Gobi.
- Monga chipululu chilichonse, Gobi pakapita nthawi amachulukitsa dera lake komanso kuti asatayike msipu, akuluakulu aku China adabzala khoma lobiriwira la China.
- Great Silk Road, yochokera ku China kupita ku Europe, idutsa m'chipululu cha Gobi ndipo chinali chovuta kwambiri kudutsa gawo.
