Vuto la kutaya zinyalala ndilapadziko lonse lapansi, limakhudza dziko lonse lapansi. Mayiko ena amalimbana ndi ntchitoyi, ndipo ena amangonyalanyaza (makamaka m'maiko osatukuka). Zinyalala zilipo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndipo njira zotayira ndizosiyana kwambiri: kutentha, kuyika maliro, kusunga ndi zina. Kuti musankhe njira yotayira, muyenera kugawa bwino ndalamazo. Nkhani yathu ikufotokoza za zinyalala zolimba zaboma.
Mitundu ya KTO
Zinyalala zamatauni olimba zimatanthauza zinyalala zapakhomo zomwe zimapangidwa pochita ntchito za anthu. Pali mndandanda wazinthu zazinyalala pazinthu zosiyanasiyana:
- kupanga makampani;
- nyumba zokhalamo;
- malo ogulitsa;
- malo onse;
- chakudya chowonongedwa;
- Zinyalala za m'misewu ndi masamba akugwa.
Zinyalala zamtundu uliwonse ziyenera kutayidwa munjira zosiyanasiyana kuti zisawononge malo komanso kuti zisathandizire kupezeka kwa matenda osiyanasiyana omwe angatengeke kuchokera kuzinyama zoweta komanso zapabwalo, komanso tizilombo.
Chithandizo cha CTO
Pofuna kutaya zinyalala moyenera, muyenera kudziwa kuti zotsatirazi zitha kutumizidwa kuzinyalala:
- zinyalala zamatabwa ndi masamba;
- zinyalala zazing'ono kuchokera mumsewu;
- zinyalala chakudya;
- zinthu zochokera ku nsalu;
- katundu wazolongedza.
Zinyalala zotsatirazi ndizoletsedwa:
- zinyalala pambuyo pokonzanso;
- mankhwala amadzimadzi ndi mafuta;
- mankhwala;
- zinyalala za mankhwala ndi zapoizoni.
Zinyalala zomwe zikugwera m'gulu la zoletsedwa siziyenera kuponyedwa muzinyalala, ziyenera kutulutsidwa ndikuzitaya padera ndi ntchito zapadera.
Malamulo osavuta awa athandizira kuteteza zachilengedwe ndi zamoyo ku zovuta zoyipa za zinyalala.
Ku Russia, kuyambira 2017, malamulo oyendetsera zinyalala zamatauni olimba adanenedwa, omwe amasinthidwa pafupipafupi ndi zinthu zatsopano. Ntchito zapadera zamagawo zimakhudzidwa ndikuchotsa zinyalala zoterezi. Ameneyu ndi amene ali ndi satifiketi yoyenera yonyamula ndi kutaya zinyalala zotere. Kampani yotere imayang'anira dera linalake. Wogwira ntchito m'chigawochi amaliza mgwirizano wapadera, womwe udatha zaka 10.
Kugwiritsa ntchito KTO
Njira yotayira CTO idzadalira mtundu wa zinyalala, zina zitha kuwotchedwa, koma zina sizingatheke, chifukwa kutulutsa poizoni kumatha kuchitika, komwe nthawi yamvula ikakhazikika pamitengo ndi zomera. Tiyeni tiganizire njira zazikulu zothanirana ndi CTO.
Kuyika maliro
Njirayi ndiyothandiza kwambiri kuboma, koma kuwonongeka kumatha kukhala kwakukulu. Poizoni yemwe amapangika pakuwonongeka amayikidwa m'nthaka ndipo amatha kulowa m'madzi apansi. Kuphatikiza apo, minda ikuluikulu imagwiritsidwa ntchito pobwezeretsa malo, itayika chifukwa cha moyo komanso ntchito zapakhomo.
Posankha malo oti mudzawonongeke mtsogolo, kutalika kumatengedwa:
- kuchokera nyumba zogona;
- kuchokera mosungira madzi;
- kuchokera ku mabungwe azachipatala;
- kutali ndi alendo.
Ndikofunikira kukhala pamtunda wautali kuchokera kuzinthu zotere, chifukwa ndikofunikira kuchepa kuthekera kolowera m'madzi apansi panthaka, komanso kuthekera kosachedwa kuyaka. Zinyalala zikamaola zimatulutsa mpweya womwe umatha kuyaka kwambiri ukapanda kutulutsidwa.
Kuwotcha
Njirayi imatha kuchepetsa kwambiri malo omwe amagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Chokhacho chokha ndicho kutulutsa poizoni m'mlengalenga. Kuti muchepetse mpweya, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ng'anjo yapadera, ndipo izi sizopindulitsa pachuma, chifukwa zikoka bajeti yadziko. Ngati mungafikiridwe mokwanira, ndiye kuti mutha kuchepetsa ndalama, popeza mphamvu zambiri zimatulutsidwa panthawi yoyaka, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanzeru - kuwotcha mabizinesi kapena kupanga magetsi.
Zikatero, kuchotsa nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito pyrolysis - ndiko kuwonongeka kwa zinyalala popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya.
Kompositi
Izi zikutanthauza kuwonongeka kwa zinyalala, mtundu uwu ndi woyenera kokha ndi zinyalala zachilengedwe. Mothandizidwa ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, zinyalalazo zimapangidwanso ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthira nthaka. Ndi njirayi, gawo limasankhidwa ndikuchotsa chinyezi chomwe chatulutsidwa.
Kompositi ingathandize chilengedwe kutaya zinyalala zambiri.
Pofuna kutaya zinyalala moyenera, pamafunika zotengera zapadera, zomwe sizimakhala nthawi zonse osati kulikonse, ndipo izi zimasokoneza kwambiri zinyalala.
Kubwezeretsanso zinthu zomwe zingapangidwenso
Zipangizo zosinthidwa moyenera zomwe zingapangidwenso zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kuzigwiritsanso ntchito, zitasungunuka kapena kukonzedwa:
- zopangidwa pulasitiki;
- zinthu zagalasi;
- mankhwala pepala;
- zida;
- zopangidwa ndi matabwa;
- zida zamagetsi zosweka;
- mankhwala mafuta.
Kutaya kotereku ndi kopindulitsa kwambiri, koma kumafunikira ndalama zambiri pakusanja zinthu zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso maphunziro oyenera a munthu. Kutaya zinyalala osati pomwe zili pafupi, koma pomwe zili ndi malo apadera.
Tsogolo lathu limadalira ife, kuti ana athu azipuma mpweya wabwino mokwanira, ndikofunikira kulimbana ndi zinyalala tsopano.
