Mbalame zam'madzi ndi mbalame za Laridae. Mwa mitundu pafupifupi 50, ndi ochepa okha omwe amachepetsa malire awo mpaka kunyanja. Mbalame zambiri zatenga zokongola m'malo otayilako fumbi, m'minda kapena malo ogulitsira komwe kumapezeka chakudya ndi madzi.
Kufotokozera kwa seagull
Oyang'anira mbalame amazindikira mitundu yakuthengo ndi:
- mawonekedwe;
- kukula;
- mtundu;
- dera lokhalamo anthu.
Zimakhala zovuta kudziwa ngati gull wamng'ono ali m'gulu la anyaniwa, chifukwa amakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso nthenga zosiyanasiyana kuposa abale awo achikulire. Monga lamulo, nyama zazing'ono zimawonetsa mitundu ya beige yosakanikirana ndi imvi. Zimatenga zaka ziwiri kapena zinayi kuti nthuli zikule nthenga zoyera, zotuwa kapena zakuda.
Mtundu wa Paw ndi chida china chodziwika chodziwika bwino. Mbalame zazikulu zazikulu ndi miyendo ndi mapazi pinki. Mbalame zamkati zimakhala ndi miyendo yachikasu. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi miyendo yofiira kapena yakuda.
Mitundu ya mbalame zomwe zimakhala kutali kwambiri ndi Russia
Mphepete mwa nyanja ya Galapagos
Mtsinje wa Mongolia
Otsatira a Delaware
Mbalame yakuda
Mphepo yaku California
Gull yakumadzulo
Mphepete mwa nyanja ya Franklin
Chitsamba cha Aztec
Chiameniya (Sevan hering'i) gull
Mphepete mwa Nyanja ya Thayer
Mphepo yaku Dominican
Mtsinje wa Pacific
Mitundu yofala kwambiri ya gull ku Russia
Gull wakuda mutu
Gull yaying'ono ya ku Ivory yokhala ndi mutu wakuda pang'ono, ma crescent oyera pamwambapa / pansi pamaso, ndi kumbuyo koyera. Mlomo wofiira. Malangizo ndi maziko a nthenga zamapiko ndi zakuda. Pansi pake ndi chimodzimodzi. Akuluakulu osabereka alibe chizindikiro chakuda kuseri kwa chidiso chakuda pakamwa. Mbalame zazing'ono ndizofanana ndi mbalame zazikulu m'nthawi yozizira, koma zimakhala ndi mapiko akuda ndi michira yakuda ndi nsonga yakuda.
Pang'ono pang'ono
Mbalame yaying'ono kwambiri pabanjapo, yokhala ndi imvi kumtunda kumtunda ndi nthiti yoyera, khosi, chifuwa, mimba ndi mchira. Mutu mpaka pamwamba pa khosi ndi wakuda. Underwings ndi mdima. Mlomo ndi wofiira kwambiri ndi nsonga yakuda. Mapa ndi mapazi ndi ofiira-lalanje. Mbalameyi imathamanga mofulumira, ndikupanga mapiko akuya.
Mphepete mwa nyanja ya Mediterranean
Great Ivory Gull yokhala ndi nthenga zotuwa kumtunda, malo ofiira pamlomo wachikaso wowala, miyendo yachikaso ndi mapazi. Mchira ndi woyera. Amayendayenda m'mphepete mwa nyanja kufunafuna chakudya kapena kupanga malo osambira osaya chakudya, amaba chakudya kwa anthu kapena amatola m'malo otayira zinyalala. Imawuluka, ndikupanga mapiko olimba. Nthawi zina zimaundana pogwiritsa ntchito mafunde ampweya.
Gull wakuda mutu
Mbalame zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Mutu woyera, pamwamba wakuda, pansi pamtundu woyera, mlomo wawukulu wachikaso wokhala ndi malo ofiira kumapeto kwake, maso otumbululuka okhala ndi mphete yofiira yozungulira, mapiko a pinki, mapazi. Ndegeyo ndiyamphamvu ndikumenya kwamapiko akuthwa.
Nkhunda yam'nyanja
Mbalame yam'madzi yapatsidwa mawonekedwe apadera:
- milomo yayitali komanso yokongola modabwitsa;
- lathyathyathya pamphumi;
- iris wotumbululuka;
- Khosi lalitali;
- kusowa nthenga zakuda pamutu.
Mu nthenga nthawi yoswana, kutulutsa mawanga apinki kumawonekera kumunsi kwa thupi. Mitunduyi idakhala pagombe la Black Sea, koma idasamukira kumadzulo kwa Mediterranean m'ma 1960.
Kutchera gull
Iyi ndi seagull yayikulu yokhala ndi:
- wotumbululuka imvi kumbuyo;
- mapiko akuda;
- mutu woyera, khosi, chifuwa, mchira ndi thupi lotsikira.
Mlomo ndi wachikaso wokhala ndi malo ofiira pafupi ndi nsonga, ma paws ndi pinki. Zakudyazo zimaphatikizapo:
- zamoyo zam'madzi zam'madzi;
- nsomba;
- tizilombo.
Ndegeyo ndiyolimba, imapanga mapiko akuya, ikuwuluka kutentha ndi zosintha zina. Amuna ndi akulu kuposa akazi, pansi pake pali nthenga zofanana.
Broody
Mbalame yakutchire yokhala ndi imvi yakuda kumbuyo ndi mapiko. Mutu, khosi ndi thupi lotsika, chifuwa ndi mchira ndi zoyera. Mlomo ndi wachikasu wokhala ndi malo ofiira pafupi ndi nsonga. Mapikowo ali ndi nsonga zakuda ndimadontho oyera, ndipo miyendo ndi mapazi ndichikasu. Maso ndi achikaso ndi mphete zofiira.
Nsomba (Gull)
Mbalame yayikulu yolimba yokhala ndi imvi yakumtunda kumtunda ndi kumtunda koyera. Mutuwu ndi wakuda ndipo umawoneka wopindika. Mlomo wawukulu ndi wofiira pamiyala, kumunsi kwa mapiko othamanga ndi otuwa, mchira wawufupi woyera ndi mphanda pang'ono, miyendo yakuda. Ndegeyi ndiyothamanga, mwachangu komanso mwachisomo. Maulendo pamwamba pamadzi asanadumphe. Amadyetsa makamaka nsomba. Pansi pake ndi chimodzimodzi.
Mbalame yakuda
Gull yayikulu, yoyera yokhala ndi zotuwa, ngale imvi kumbuyo ndi mapiko. Mlomo ndi wachikasu wokhala ndi malo ofiira kumapeto kwa gawo lakumunsi. Malangizo a mapiko ndi otuwa mpaka imvi yakuda. Mchira ndi woyera, miyendo ndi mapazi ndi pinki. Imawuluka, ndikupanga mapiko ake olimba kwambiri.
Mphepete mwa nyanja
Mbalame zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndi:
- mutu woyera;
- thupi lakuda lakuda;
- mimba yoyera;
- mlomo waukulu wachikaso wokhala ndi malo ofiira pansi;
- maso otuwa ndi mphete yofiira yozungulira;
- zikopa ndi mapazi pinki.
Pouluka mwamphamvu, imapanga mapiko ake akuya kwambiri.
Wotuwa
Mbalame zimakhala ndi zoyera pansi, zamkati mwaimvi, mapiko ndi nsonga zakuda. Mawondo ndi milomo ndi yachikasu. Irises ndi ofiira moderako, atazunguliridwa ndi mphete yamaso ofiira (mbalame zokhwima) kapena zofiirira zakuda ndi mphete ya diso lalanje (mbalame zazing'ono)
Mbalame yakuda
Mbalame yayikulu yokhala ndi:
- mutu woyera, khosi, chifuwa ndi ziwalo zotsika za thupi;
- makala amoto mapiko aatali ndi kumbuyo;
- mlomo waukulu wachikaso wokhala ndi mphete yakuda pamwamba pa nsonga yofiira;
- maso achikasu otumbululuka ndi mphete yofiira yozungulira;
- wamfupi ndi zikhasu zachikasu ndi mapazi;
- mchira wokongola wakuda wakuda wokhala ndi m'mbali mwake.
Gull-mphini
Mbalame yaying'ono ndi
- imvi kumbuyo;
- woyera kumbuyo kwa mutu ndi thupi lotsika.
Mutu pafupi ndi mlomo ndi wakuda, mphete yomwe ili m'maso mwake ndi yofiira. Mlomo ndi wakuda ndi nsonga yachikasu, miyendo ndi mapazi ndi zakuda. Mapiko apamwamba ndi otuwa ndi nthenga zakuda zoyambirira ndi zoyera. Mchira umakhala wopingika pang'ono ukapindidwa.
Kittiwake wamba
Mng'oma wa minyanga ya njovu ndi wamkulu msinkhu, kumbuyo kwake ndi nthenga zamapiko kumtunda ndizotuwa, maupangiri akuda ndi akuda. Mlomo ndi wachikaso, miyendo ndi mapazi ndi zakuda. Imawuluka mwachangu, mokongola, ndikusinthana ziphuphu zingapo mwachangu ndimapiko akukulira. Imayandama pamwamba pamadzi musanadumphire pansi. Amadyetsa nyama zopanda msana zam'madzi, plankton ndi nsomba. Pansi pake amafanana.
Kittiwake wofiira
Gull kakang'ono ka ku Ivory kokhala ndi msana wakuda ndi mapiko akuda ndi nsonga zakuda, kamlomo kakang'ono wachikaso ndi miyendo yofiira kwambiri. Amadyetsa nsomba zazing'ono, squid ndi zooplankton zam'madzi.
