Chowonadi choyamba chogwiritsa ntchito zida zamankhwala chidalembedwa pa Epulo 24, 1915. Imeneyi inali nkhani yoyamba yowononga anthu ambiri ndi zinthu zapoizoni (OM).
Chifukwa sichinagwiritsidwepo ntchito kale
Ngakhale kuti zida zamankhwala zidapangidwa zaka masauzande angapo zapitazo, zidayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'zaka za zana la 20 zokha. Poyamba, sichinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa zingapo:
- opangidwa mu pang'ono;
- njira zosungira ndi kugawa mpweya wa poizoni sizinali zotetezeka;
- gulu lankhondo limawona kuti sikoyenera kupatsa poizoni adani awo.
Komabe, m'zaka za zana la makumi awiri, zonse zinasintha kwambiri, ndipo zinthu zoopsa zinayamba kupangidwa mochuluka. Pakadali pano, gulu lalikulu kwambiri la zida zankhondo zaku Russia lili ku Russia, koma ambiri aiwo adachotsedwa chaka cha 2013 chisanachitike.
Gulu lazida zamankhwala
Akatswiri amagawa zinthu zoopsa m'magulu malinga ndi momwe zimakhudzira thupi la munthu. Mitundu yotsatirayi ya zida zamankhwala imadziwika masiku ano:
- mpweya wamitsempha ndi zinthu zoopsa kwambiri zomwe zimakhudza dongosolo lamanjenje, kulowa mthupi kupyola pakhungu ndi ziwalo zopumira, ndipo kumabweretsa imfa;
- zotupa pakhungu - zimakhudza mamina ndi khungu, kuwononga thupi lonse;
- asphyxiant zinthu - kulowa m'thupi kudzera kupuma, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu azunzike kwambiri;
- zosasangalatsa - zimakhudza njira yopumira ndi maso, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana zapadera pobalalitsa anthu panthawi yazipolowe;
- zowopsa zonse - kusokoneza ntchito yamagazi kunyamula mpweya kuma cell, zomwe zimapangitsa kufa kwakanthawi;
- psychochemical - imayambitsa matenda amkati mwamanjenje, omwe amalepheretsa anthu kwa nthawi yayitali.
M'mbiri ya anthu, zotsatira zoyipa zakugwiritsa ntchito zida zamankhwala zimadziwika. Tsopano iwo asiya, koma, tsoka, osati chifukwa cha kulingalira kwaumunthu, koma chifukwa chakuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake sikuli kotetezeka kwambiri ndipo sikungamveketse mphamvu yake, popeza zida zina zamtundu wina zakhala zothandiza kwambiri.
