Thanzi ndi kutalika kwa moyo wa cholengedwa chilichonse padziko lapansi chimadalira mtundu wa chilengedwe chake. Mawu omwewo amagwiranso ntchito kwa nsomba zam'madzi ndi zomera zomwe zimayikidwamo. Ndicho chifukwa chake kuli kofunikira osati kungoyang'anira momwe zakudya ziliri munthawi yake komanso kutentha, komanso kapangidwe ka madzi momwemo. Chifukwa chake, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kusapezeka kwa tizilombo tina, kapena kusintha kwamadzi, kumatha kubweretsa zochitika zomvetsa chisoni kwambiri.
Mwachitsanzo, pali mitundu ina ya nsomba yomwe imakonda kusambira m'madzi okhala ndi zodetsa kapena mchere wina, zomwe kwa ena sizilandiridwa konse. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti nthawi zonse muziyesa mosiyanasiyana mayendedwe amadzi mu aquarium, kuti muzindikire ubwino wake komanso kuti mupewe kupezeka kwa matenda osiyanasiyana, nsomba ndi zomera.
Kodi nthawi yabwino kuyamba kuyesa mayeso amadzi ndi iti?
Monga mwalamulo, ndibwino kuyamba kuyesa madzi musanagule aquarium. Njirayi ndiyabwino kwa onse oyamba kumene komanso odziwa bwino ntchito zamadzi, chifukwa izi zithandizira pakuwunikiranso zidziwitso ndi maluso kuti azisunga magawo onse mosungiramo. Kumbukirani kuti chilengedwe chokhazikika m'madzi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa nsomba.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugula nsomba zawo zoyambirira zomwe zimapezeka m'madzi apampopi, zomwe magawo ake amatha kuwunika mosavuta pogula mayeso oyenera. Koma ziyenera kudziwika kuti mayeso aliwonse adapangidwa kuti ayese zinthu zina zovulaza zokha.
Ndi mayeso ati omwe amapezeka kuti ayang'ane madzi mumtsinje wa aquarium?
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, zachilengedwe zam'madzi am'madzi nthawi zambiri zimatha kuwonongeka, zomwe zitha kusokoneza kwambiri moyo wabwinobwino wa zamoyo zomwe zimakhalamo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizichita mayeso osiyanasiyana amadzi kamodzi pa sabata kwa:
- Amoniya.
- Nitrate.
- Nitrite.
- Mchere / Mphamvu Yeniyeni.
- pH.
- Kuuma kwa madzi a kaboni.
- Zamgululi
- Chlorine ndi Chloramine.
- Mkuwa.
- Phosphates.
- Mpweya wokwanira.
- Iron ndi carbon dioxide.
Ndikoyenera kudziwa makamaka kuti sikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugule mayeso aliwonse padera, kulipira kwambiri. Njira yabwino ingakhale kugula zida zonse zoyeserera. Kuyang'ana mwachizolowezi, zida zofunikira zikhala zokwanira. Koma ngati sitimayo imapangidwira zamoyo zam'madzi, ndiye kuti tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupeze mini-set. Pakadali pano pali:
- Mzere woyesera. Kunja, kuyesa uku kumawoneka ngati kachingwe kakang'ono, kamene kanadzetsa dzina lake, lomwe liyenera kutsitsidwa mumtsuko wokhala ndi madzi ochokera ku aquarium. Pambuyo pake, chotsalira ndikufanizira zowonekera mzere womwe watengedwa m'madzi ndi mndandanda wamitundu yomwe yasungidwa.
- Mayeso amadzimadzi. Kusintha kwachiwiri kwamayeso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunika momwe madzi am'madzi aku aquarium. Chifukwa chake, kuti mupeze zotsatira, ndikofunikira kutenga madontho pang'ono amadzi kuchokera mu zida pogwiritsa ntchito pipette ndikuwaponyera mu chidebe chomwe chidakonzedweratu ndi madzi. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kugwedeza chidebecho pang'ono ndikuchiyika kwa mphindi zochepa. Kenako zimangotsalira kuyerekezera mtundu wamadzi womwe udapezeka ndi mtengo wowongolera kuchokera pamayeso.
Ndikoyenera kutsimikizira kuti nthawi zina ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muphatikize munthu wopanda chidwi kuti apeze zotsatira zake. Ndipo kale pamaso pake, yesani mayeso onse ofunikira. Ndikofunikanso kuti musamuwuze tanthauzo lake kapena mtunduwo, koma ingomufunsani za izi. Njira iyi ikuthandizani kuti mumvetsetse bwino momwe madzi am'madziwo alili.
Kuphatikiza apo, kupita patsogolo sikudayime ndipo zaka zingapo zapitazo zidakhala zotheka kupeza zisonyezo, mwachitsanzo, pH, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi. Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti mayeso ena amangoyenera madzi abwino, ndipo ena amangokhudza madzi am'nyanja. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tikhale mwatsatanetsatane pazomwe zili muma suites oyesa.
Mayeso a Madzi a Alkalinity a Aquarium
Izi ndizofunikira kudziwa kukhazikika kwamadzi mosungira mwakuchita pH. Kukhazikika pamtunduwu kumawunikiridwa ngati kuthekera kosunga madzi pamtengo wofanana ndi pG. Nthawi zambiri, mtengo woyambira umayambira 7-12 dkH.
Mayeso a Amoniya
Choyambirira, muyenera kukumbukira kuti chinthuchi ndichinthu chonyansa cha nyama zam'madzi ndikuwonongeka kwa chakudya chomwe chatsalira. Amoniya ndichimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa nsomba m'malo otentha. Ndicho chifukwa chake kuli kofunika kwambiri kusunga miyezo ya chinthuchi pa 0.
Mayeso a calcium
Kuyesa kofuna kudziwa kuchuluka kwa calcium m'madzi am'madzi a aquarium kuyenera kuchitidwa makamaka m'madzi okhala ndi madzi am'nyanja. Makamaka m'malo osungira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala miyala yamchere yamchere ndi zifaniziro zawo. Chonde dziwani kuti mayesowa salekerera kusamalidwa bwino. Ndipo mulingo wake usamusiye 380-450 ppm.
Kuyesa kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa kuuma kwamadzi
Poganizira kapangidwe kake ka nthaka ndi madzi, nzosadabwitsa kuti kuchuluka kwa mchere wa potashi mwa iwo ndiosiyana. Ndipo, monga mukudziwa, ambiri mwa mcherewu ndi ma carbonate, omwe amakhudza moyo wa nsomba zonse zam'madzi. Chifukwa chake, kuuma kwa ma carbonates kuyenera kukhala 3-15 ° d.
Kuyesa kwamadzi a aquarium ya chloramine
Izi ndi chifukwa kuphatikiza ammonia ndi mankhwala enaake. Kuphatikiza apo, chloramine siyothandiza kwenikweni kuposa klorini, koma chifukwa cha mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, imagwira bwino ntchito pamavuto akulu. Chifukwa chake, kuti asayambitse nsomba zosavomerezeka, mtengo wake uyenera kukhala wofanana ndi 0. Zomwezi zimagwiranso ntchito klorini.
Mayeso amkuwa
Popeza mankhwalawa ndi a zitsulo zolemera, kuchuluka kwa malowedwe ake kuchokera ku mapaipi amadzi opangidwa ndi mkuwa m'madzi ndiokwera kwambiri. Komanso, mankhwalawa amatha kulowa mumtsinje wa aquarium mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena omwe amakhala nawo. Kumbukirani kuti mkuwa ndiwovulaza kwambiri zamoyo zonse mosungira.
Mayeso amiyeso ya ayodini
Kuyesa koteroko kumakhala kovomerezeka pazombo zonse zodzazidwa ndi madzi am'nyanja okhala ndi matanthwe kapena nyama zopanda mafupa. Monga lamulo, ayodini wa ziweto zotere ndi gawo lofunikira la moyo wathanzi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake simuyenera kulola kuti chisowe mu aquarium. Chokhacho ndichakuti, muyenera kungowunika momwe alili.
Mayeso a Magnesium
Kuyesaku ndikofunikira kwambiri m'madzi am'madzi am'madzi. Chifukwa chake, kuti tithe kupanga zinthu pafupi kwambiri ndi chilengedwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti maginito asungidwe kuyambira 1200 mpaka 1500 mg / l. Komanso kumbukirani kuti tsiku lililonse kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumachepa, chifukwa chake amafunika kuwonjezeredwa pafupipafupi. Koma musati muchite izi mopitilira muyeso wowonjezera.
Mayeso a Nitrite
Mothandizidwa ndi mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana, ammonia m'madzi a aquarium amatembenuzidwa kukhala nitrite. Monga lamulo, m'madziwe omwe angopangidwa kumene, mulingo wa chinthuchi ukukula mwachangu. Ndipo njira yokhayo yopewera kukula kwa zinthu ngati izi ndikupanga kusintha madzi pafupipafupi. Koma ndi bwino kukumbukira kuti motsogoleredwa ndi mabakiteriya omwewo, nitrites amasandulika nitrate. Popeza kuwopsa kwa mankhwalawa, kuchuluka kwawo sikuyenera kupitirira mtengo wofanana ndi 0.
Mayeso a Nitrate
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, nitrate amachokera ku nitrites. Ndipo ngakhale mankhwalawa alibe poizoni wochuluka monga nitrite, kuchuluka kwake kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zoyipa m'zinthu zam'madzi zam'madzi. Amachotsedwa mofanana ndi nitrites. Koma ngati kuchuluka kwa chomalizira mchombocho sikuyenera kupitirira 0, ndiye kuti zololedwa zawo zili mpaka 20 mg / l pazombo zonse kupatula mwala umodzi. Ndibwinonso kupatula mawonekedwe azinthu izi.
Kutsimikiza kwa madzi pH
Kuyesaku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mupeze mulingo wamchere kapena acidity. Chifukwa chake, mulingo wawo uli ndi magawo 14, pomwe 0-6 ndi malo okhala ndi acidity wotsika kwambiri. Kuyambira 7-13 salowerera ndale. Ndipo, moyenera, 14 ndi amchere.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake muyenera kukhala osamala kwambiri mukamasula nsomba m'madzi, popeza madzi omwe angotulutsidwa kumene atha kukweza ndi kutsitsa pH, zomwe zingasokoneze kwambiri microclimate. Ndikofunikanso kusunga nsomba zomwe zimafunikira pH yofananira mosungira komweko.
Mayeso a mankwala
Zinthu izi zimalowa mchombocho kuchokera m'madzi apampopi, zotsalira zopanda mafuta kapena mbali zakufa za zomera. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa phosphate m'madzi am'madzi kumapangitsa kuti ndere zikule kwambiri, zomwe zingakhudze kukula kwamakorali. Kuchotsa chinthuchi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kusintha kwamadzi kwanthawi zonse komanso zinthu zina zapadera m'masitolo ogulitsa ziweto. Mulingo wawo wovomerezeka m'madzi oyera sayenera kupitirira 1.0 mg / l.
Mayeso a ammonium
Monga tanenera kale, panthawi yowonongeka kwa zinyalala za anthu okhala m'thambo lopangira, zotsalira za chakudya ndi mbali zakufa za zomera, zinthu monga nitrites kapena nitrate zimawonekera. Izi sizinali zosiyana. Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti ndi kuchuluka kwa ammonium komwe munthu amatha kumaliza momwe chilengedwe chonse cha aquarium chimagwirira ntchito.
Mwachitsanzo, m'malo osungiramo zinthu okonzedwa bwino, kuchuluka kwa chinthuchi ndi kocheperako, chifukwa mumtundu wabwinobwino ndizofunikira pazomera ndipo siziwopseza nsomba. Koma zonse zimasintha kwambiri ngati mulingo wa ammonium ukukwera kwambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti mtengo wake usapitirire 0.25 mg / l NH4.
Zamchere
Salinity amatanthauza kuchuluka kwa mchere wosungunuka, womwe ungathe kuwerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito hydrometer kapena refractometer. Ndipo ngakhale zotsalazo ndizotsika mtengo kwambiri, kulondola kwake kwakukulu kumakwaniritsa izi, popeza osadziwa zambiri zamchere wamadzi mu aquarium, simungaganizire za kusunga nsomba zomwe zimakonda zoterezi.
Mphamvu yokoka
Mtengo wa kachulukidwe ka madzi osungunuka m'mchere mumchere poyerekeza ndi zomwe zili m'madzi abwino amatchedwa mphamvu yokoka. Mwanjira ina, kupezeka kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana m'madzi abwino ndizocheperako kuposa madzi amchere. Ndipo njira yodziwira kukula kwake ndiyofunika kuwonetsa kusiyana kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi abwino ndi amchere.
Momwe mungakonzekerere madzi a aquarium?
Madzi a nsomba ndi ofunikira mofanana ndi mpweya kwa anthu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kusamalira kudzazidwa kwa posungira mosamala mwapadera, popeza kutalika kwa moyo wa nsomba ndi thanzi lawo kumadalira izi, chifukwa chake, asanasinthe madzi, ndikofunikira kuteteza pang'ono. Ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zotengera zapulasitiki zokutidwa ndi gauze pamwamba pake. Kumbukirani kuti ndizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito zidebe zokutira. Madzi atakhazikika pang'ono, muyenera kusefa ndi chidebe choyera komanso chidutswa cha gauze.
Thirani madzi okhazikika muchidebe chatsopano kudzera chopyapyala chopindidwa kangapo ndikuyika peat yoyera popanda zonyansa mu chidebechi. Kenako timasiya chidebecho kwa masiku awiri mpaka madziwo atakhala ndi amber. Pambuyo pake timadzaza aquarium ndi iyo. Monga mukuwonera, njira yokonzekera madzi siyimangokhala yokhudzana ndi zovuta zilizonse, komanso sizitenga nthawi yayitali.
