Algae wobiriwira buluu ndi magulu a mabakiteriya omwe amapezeka mumtambo wa aquarium nthawi zina. Izi zimathandizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoyipa zomwe zimaphwanya maluwa achilengedwe mu "malo okhala nsomba". Ndikofunikira kuthana ndi mavuto ngati amenewa, chifukwa angakhudze thanzi la onse okhala m'madzi.
Algae wabuluu wobiriwira mumtambo wa aquarium
Madzi a aquarium amayenera kukhala oyera nthawi zonse. Pali nthawi zina pamene eni ake alibe nthawi yoti amusamalire ndipo patapita kanthawi azindikira vuto lalikulu ngati ndere zobiriwira zamtambo mu aquarium. Amawoneka pazifukwa, pali zifukwa zomwe zingakhalire:
- kusamalira bwino aquarium;
- Kutentha kwambiri kwamadzi (kunyezimira kwa dzuwa, batire, ndi zina zambiri);
- kupezeka kwa zinthu zovunda pansi;
- kusintha kosowa kwamadzi;
- kulowa mu aquarium ya zinthu zovulaza.
Nthawi zambiri, mumtsinje wa aquarium mumakhala ndere zobiriwira zobiriwira chifukwa chakuti eni ake amaiwala kusintha madzi nthawi, ndipo mabakiteriya ambiri amayamba kudzikundikira. Izi zimatha kuchulukana mwachangu kwambiri ndikuwononga zomera zopindulitsa m'madzi. Umu ndi momwe mabowo obiriwira obiriwira amawonekera pamakoma, omwe amafunikira kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu.
Ngati aquarium ikuwunikiridwa ndi kuwala ndipo kuchuluka kwa ma radiation a dzuwa kulowamo, izi zimalimbikitsa kukula mwachangu komanso kuberekana kwa algae wabuluu wobiriwira kapena wobiriwira. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti chipinda chomwe adayimilira chimakhala ndi mpweya wokwanira. Komabe, malo ofunikira pankhaniyi amakhala ndi kuyeretsa kwakanthawi kwamadontho a aquarium ndikusintha madzi abwino. Kuperewera kwa mpweya, madzi oyera kumabweretsa kuipitsa ndipo, chifukwa chake, zimatha kubweretsa zovuta - kudwala kapena kufa kwa nzika zam'madzi.
Chifukwa chiyani ndere zobiriwira zobiriwira ndizowopsa?
Ngati bulangeti yabuluu yabiriwiri ikukula mu aquarium, ichi ndi chisonyezo chachikulu kuti okhala munyumba yamagalasi ngati imeneyi amafunikira thandizo. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ndere zovulaza zotere zimatha kuwononga zamoyo zonse zomwe zili "m'munda wamasomphenya" awo, ndikupereka zinthu zosapilira kwa okhala m'madzi. Choyamba, zimayamwa michere yonse, mpweya, ndikutulutsa ziphe, zomwe zimawononga zamoyo zonse.
Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri zakanthawi yosasangalatsa ngati ndere zobiriwira ndikutunga kwa cyanide yotulutsidwa ndi mabakiteriya a cyanide. Ndizowopsa kotero kuti imatha kupha zamoyo zonse zam'madzi. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, kumveka fungo losasangalatsa, lomwe nthawi zina limakhala lopirira. Mabakiteriya owopsawa amapatsira miyala, nthaka ndi zinthu zina zilizonse. Kulimbana ndi tizirombo tomwe tawoneka kale sikophweka. Poterepa, pamafunika chithandizo chokwanira cha aquarium yonse.
Mphindi wowopsa kwambiri ndi kusowa kwa mpweya wa nsomba, nkhono ndi anthu ena okhala m'madzi. Amawona pamene mabakiteriya owopsa amakhala. Zimayambitsa kutulutsa kwa nayitrogeni, zimawonjezera chidwi chake pamitengo yayikulu. Pakadali pano, mpweya umakhala wocheperako kotero kuti zamoyo zomwe zili m'malo otere zimawavuta kupuma komanso kuchita zinthu zofunika. Mwanjira ina, mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa mawonekedwe a algae abuluu obiriwira amatsogolera kuimfa nsomba ndi zamoyo zina zam'madzi.
Ngati mawonekedwe azitsamba zobiriwira amadziwika mu aquarium, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti izi zikuwopseza moyo wa nsomba, nkhono, nkhanu ndi ena ambiri okhala m'madzi. Poterepa, palinso chinthu monga kubwerera m'mbuyo. Zikatero, zikutanthauza kukula kwa "matenda am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi" ngakhale nyumba yosungiramo nsomba yasinthidwa ndipo madzi asinthidwa mmenemo. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ngakhale zotsalira zazing'ono kwambiri za mabakiteriya oyipawa zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto mobwerezabwereza.
Cyanobacteria imakhazikika kotero kuti nkovuta kupha. Ndikosavuta kupewa kupezeka kwawo. Mutha kupeza zovuta ngati izi mukumverera miyala ndi nthaka pansi. Ngati yakhala yoterera komanso yokutidwa ndi kanema wabuluu wobiriwira (ngakhale thinnest), tikulankhula za zotupa za bakiteriya. Zonyansa za mabakiteriya owopsawa zimatha kuipitsiratu malo am'madzi am'madzi.
Kuti apulumuke ndi kuberekana, cyanobacteria imapeza chakudya kuchokera m'madzi am'madzi a aquarium, pogwiritsa ntchito michere yonse chifukwa cha nsomba chifukwa chazibisalira. Amatha kupatsira osati nthaka yokha, komanso miyala yosiyanasiyana, mitengo yolowerera komanso mbewu zosiyanasiyana. Amalimbikira kwambiri ndipo amapulumuka ngakhale pamavuto kwa iwo. Mphamvu zawo zimatha kuchitira nsanje ngakhale zomera zolimba kwambiri zomwe "zimapha" kovuta.
Mitundu yowononga tizirombayi imachira msanga poyerekeza ndi zamoyo zina. Ngati palibe chomwe chikuchitika, momwe amachulukirachulukira, pang'onopang'ono amadzaza danga la aquarium ndikuwononga madzi. Popita nthawi, imatulutsa fungo losasangalatsa. Njira zonse zofunikira ziyenera kuchitidwa mwachangu momwe zingathere. Kupanda kutero, pali mwayi uliwonse kuti nzika za aquarium zitha kudwala ndikufa. Monga mukudziwa, zamoyo sizingakhale popanda mpweya, ndipo kupezeka kwa tizirombazi mosakayikira kumabweretsa kusowa kwa zinthu zotere ndikupereka zofunikira zonse zakufa kwa nsomba.
Kodi kumenya?
Ngati eni ake sakufuna "kukwirira" nsomba zawo, nkhono ndi zinthu zina zamoyo zomwe zimakhala pakatikati pa aquarium, ukhondo uyenera kuwonedwa ndikuyeretsedwa mwachangu. Madzi ayenera kusinthidwa ndi madzi atsopano munthawi yake. Imeneyi ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri yomwe imapulumutsa nsomba ku majeremusi. Koma izi sizokwanira. Madziwo ayenera kukhala oyera bwino, osati ayi. Ndikofunika kuwonetsetsa kuti makoma a aquarium, nthaka, miyala ndi zomera zomwe zikukhalamo sizikukhudzidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala ndi algae owopsa. Algae aliyense wakunja wamitambo yabuluu wobiriwira ayenera kuchenjeza eni ake. Ngati zilipo, mbewu ndi nthaka ziyenera kusinthidwa nthawi yomweyo. Ndipo mudzafunikiradi kukonza kwa aquarium yomwe.
Kuti muchotse tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mu aquarium, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira izi:
- mdima;
- kupha tizilombo;
- hydrogen peroxide;
- m'malo mwa madzi.
Kusintha kwa madzi mumtambo wa aquarium ndi yatsopano kumapangidwa mdima utagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi hydrogen peroxide. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatha kubwereza, ndiko kuti, kuchulukanso. Ndipo m'manja mwa mwinimwini ndi momwe mungapewere izi kuti zisachitike.
Njira yochepetsera
Chofunika kukumbukira ndikuti mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa vutoli sangathe kulekerera kusowa kwa dzuwa. Ndipo mukawapatsa mdima wathunthu kwamasiku angapo, amafa, ndipo madziwo adzaonekanso. Pachifukwa ichi ndikofunikira kumasula aquarium kuchokera kwa onse okhalamo, zomera ndi nthaka. Fyuluta iyenera kuchotsedwa. Madziwo amadzaza ndi nsalu yakuda. Popanda oxygen ndi kuwala, tizirombo tife.
Kupha tizilombo
Popeza kuti mabakiteriya amatha kubwereza, ndikofunikira kuti zonse zotheka kuwonetsetsa kuti nthaka, kapena makoma a aquarium, kapena zomerazo sizikhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayambira. Kuti muchite izi, aquarium imamasulidwa ku zomera, nsomba ndi nthaka. Zomera zimizidwa m'madzi kwa mphindi 25 ndi yankho lofooka la manganese. Kenako amasambitsidwa ndi madzi.
Hydrojeni peroxide
Ngati aquarium ili yaying'ono, ndibwino kutsanulira madzi ndikutsanulira madzi oyera. Koma bwanji ngati aquarium ndi yayikulu? Yakwana nthawi yoganiza zowonjezera madzi a hydrogen peroxide. Izi zachitika motere. Choyamba, muyenera kulemekeza kuchuluka kwake. Kwa malita zana a madzi, mamililita makumi awiri mphambu asanu a hydrogen peroxide amatengedwa. Pambuyo pa tsiku, muyenera kubwereza njirayi. Pakatha masiku anayi, madziwo amalowa m'malo. Poterepa, sinthani 40% yamadzi omwe alipo. Zamoyo zonse, kuphatikiza nsomba, zitha kuyikidwa m'madzi pokhapokha zitakhala zosakayikitsa kuti ndere zonse zoyipa zawonongeka mpaka tinthu tating'onoting'ono kwambiri.
Njira yabwino yothetsera tizirombo ndikudetsa thanki ndikuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito hydrogen peroxide. Patatha masiku atatu nsombazo zitakhazikika, mpweya wabwino umatha kukhazikitsidwa. Koma fyuluta idakonzedweratu. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ndikosavuta kupewa "matenda" am'madzi am'madziwo, kuposa kumenya mwamphamvu chisokonezo chotere.
Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zili pamwambazi, aliyense wokhala ndi aquarium amatha kupulumutsa moyo wa nsomba zake, ngakhale nyanjazi zili zazikulu kwambiri (zomwe zimachitika m'nyumba zazikulu, malo odyera, makalabu, ndi zina zambiri). Ngakhale zinyama zonyansa zoterezi zapezeka, musataye mtima. Nthawi zonse pamakhala kuthekera kolimbana ndimagulu a zolengedwa zoyipa. Ngakhale amakhala olimba mtima komanso achinyengo, ngati zonse zachitika molondola, sipadzakhala zotsalira za iwo. Ndipo onse okhala m'madzi adzakhala athanzi komanso osavulala.
Ndipo komabe, choyambirira ndichakuti kusamalira zopezeka m'madzi kumakhala kosavuta. Muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti aquarium ili pamalo oyenera. Sayenera kuunikiridwa mopambanitsa ndi dzuwa, koma isakhalenso yamdima. Ma Aquariums amayenera kutsukidwa ndikusamalidwa kuti mabakiteriya asakule panthaka kapena kwina kulikonse.
