Black mollies - izi ndi zomwe anthu wamba amatcha nsomba zam'madzi kuchokera ku mtundu wa Pecilia. Pali mitundu yambiri ya iwo. Unali wofala kwambiri ku Soviet Union. Ma Aquarists amasangalalabe ndi mitundu ingapo ya mollies kapena mollies. Kuphatikiza pa mayinawa, mungapeze njira zina: sphenops, Latipina, lyre-molly, paresnaya, Velifer wotseguka. Dzinalo limachokera ku generic "Mollienesia". Madzi amchere ndi madzi amchere pang'ono aku Central America amawerengedwa kuti ndi malo achilengedwe.
Kufotokozera
Mitundu yonse imakhala yofanana. Zimayimira matupi ozungulira ndi zipsepse za mchira wa lyroform. Odyetsa analandira mawonekedwe osinthidwa pang'ono - ophulika pang'ono. Nsomba zotere zimatchedwa disc disc. Nsombazi zasokoneza kukula kwachilengedwe, zomwe zimawapangitsa kuti azioneka osakopa anthu ambiri. Koma okonda nsomba zakunja amasangalala kukonzanso magulu awo ndi nyerere zakuda.
Kuchokera pachithunzichi, mutha kutsatira momwe mtundu wa nsomba ukusinthira. Zinyama zakuda zimatha kukhala zachikasu kapena zoyera. Izi zimatengera malo okhala ndi kusamalira nsomba. Ku Europe, nsomba iyi idawonekera posachedwa, pafupifupi zaka 150 zapitazo. M'zaka makumi anai, mtundu wakuda wa nsomba iyi umadziwika kuti ndiwotchuka kwambiri, chifukwa chake kusaka kwenikweni kwa nsomba zamdima kunayamba. Ku USSR, ma mollies akuda anayamba kufalikira kuyambira ma 60s okha.
Ma mollies akuda nthawi zambiri amafanizidwa ndi omwe amakonda malupanga. Zowonadi, mawonekedwe akunja a nsomba ndizodabwitsa, koma nkhono zazikuluzikulu zimakhala ndi zipsepse zazikuluzikuluzikuluzikuluzina zakuthambo. Kumtchire, amatha kusokonezeka ndi magawo.
Onani zithunzi za nsomba zokongola izi ndipo mumvetsetsa chifukwa chake adapeza malo olemekezeka m'madzi ambiri. Makamaka amakopeka ndi otakata kwambiri, omwe thupi lawo ndi laimvi ndi maolivi ochepa. Amuna ali ndi mikwingwirima yopyapyala isanu ndi iwiri yopingasa, pomwe ma peyala amtundu wa ngale amatha kuwoneka. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, nsomba yam'madzi yam'madzi yam'madzi imatha kufikira masentimita 6-7, ndipo yaikazi - 8. Mwachilengedwe, kukula kwake kumasiyana masentimita 10 mpaka 15. Kukongola kwa nsombayi kumagona mikhalidwe yakugonana yosiyanitsa. Amuna ali ndi chiwalo chapadera - gonopodium. Ngati mumayang'anitsitsa chithunzicho, sizivuta kuchizindikira.
Welifer amadziwika kuti ndi amodzi mwamalo okongola kwambiri. Chifukwa chakumtunda kwake kwakukulu, amatchedwa kuyenda panyanja. Chifukwa cha kuyesetsa kwa obereketsa, lero mutha kupeza mitundu yofiira, bulauni-golide, wakuda komanso wamtondo.
Ngakhale ndi yaying'ono, mbalame zakuda zimafuna kuti akhale mndende. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, anthu amatha kukhala mosungiramo zopangira mpaka zaka zisanu ndi zitatu.
Zokhutira
Mollies sioyenera oyamba kumene. Amadzi odziwa zam'madzi okha ndi omwe angakwanitse kutero, chifukwa ndizovuta kukhala ndi madzi oyenera.
Zowonjezera:
Aquarium yotakata;- Madzi amchere;
- Kutentha kwa madigiri 24 mpaka 26;
- Kupanda zojambula komanso kutsika kwakanthawi kwama thermometer;
- Zakudya zambiri zamasamba;
- Kuyeretsa kowala;
- Kusefera yogwira ndi aeration madzi;
- Kusintha kwamadzi nthawi ndi nthawi.
Aquarium yotakata;Muyenera kusintha madzi kamodzi pamlungu. Ndikofunika kuti musamwe madzi osapitirira 1/3. Nsombazi zimakhala mwamtendere ndipo sizikhudza oyandikana nawo kukula kwake. Ndikofunika kuwapatsa malo ogona, matabwa osiyanasiyana, nkhalango ndi miyala - adzatha kuthana ndi ntchitoyi. Ngati oyandikana nawo ayandikira kwambiri, amuna amayamba kumenyera nkhondo dera lawo. Ndikofunika kukhala ndi malita 25 a madzi pa nsomba. Mollies amakonda aqua yapakati. Ngati mukufuna kubereka ana, ndiye kuti yamphongo imodzi ndiyokwanira azimayi angapo.
Zomwe zili mollies zimatanthauza kudyetsa zakudya zamasamba. Nsombazo sizingakane saladi ndi oatmeal. Chifukwa chakudyetsa koteroko, nsomba zimakula msanga ndipo zimawoneka zokongola kwambiri, mutha kuziwona pachithunzichi. Ngati mwangobweretsa mwachangu kunyumba, muziwadyetsa magawo akulu nthawi zonse. Fry ikayamba kukhwima, chakudyacho chimachepetsedwa kukhala chakudya chimodzi patsiku.
Kubereka
Nsomba zazing'ono zimakhala zokonzeka kuswana miyezi 9-12, zazikazi pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Amuna achichepere amayikidwa mu aquarium ina, kuti asayambe kukwiyitsa akazi omwe sanathe msinkhu. Muyenera kudzipatula mpaka nsomba zonse "zitapsa". Zatsimikiziridwa kuti mwachangu wokongola kwambiri amachokera kwa obereketsa akulu ndi owonetsa. Kubala ana kumatenga pafupifupi miyezi iwiri. Mkazi wamkulu amatha kubweretsa tadpoles 240 nthawi imodzi. Kuti muwonjezere mwayi wopulumuka, mwachangu ndimasamba akulu komanso okongola omwe amasankhidwa. Kuti zipsepse zikule, ndibwino kutsitsa kutentha mumchere wamchere. Izi zimalepheretsa kukula kwa nsomba, koma zimapindulitsa pazokongoletsa.
Kuberekanso mumtambo wa aquarium sikungatheke. Zinyama zazing'ono zidzakhala nyama ya anthu okhwima kwambiri. Malo osungira madzi opangira madzi amapangidwa kuti azitha kuswana bwino.
Zofunikira pakulima:
- Kuchuluka kwa malita 40;
- Kukhalapo kwa mbeu zambiri zomwe zili ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono;
- Kutentha kumakhala pafupifupi madigiri 25-26.
Fumbi lamoyo, brine shrimp ndi cyclops nauplii amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudyetsa.
