Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Kodi chilombo chikuyenera kuwoneka bwanji, chokhoza kumenyana ndi mkango ndi kambuku, osamwalira ndi njoka ya njoka kapena njoka, mkondo womenya, mkondo womveka bwino ndi bala la lupanga? Apa mosakayikira chilombo chowopsa chamamita asanu kutalika, mwamphamvu mwamphamvu, atavala zida zankhondo.
Koma ayi, ichi ndi cholengedwa chokhacho chochokera kubanja la weasel chokhala ndi miyendo yochepa, pafupifupi 30 cm kutalika komanso cholemera osapitilira 13 kg, ndimakutu ochepa kwambiri mwakuti kunja kwawo sakuwoneka kwathunthu. Izi ndizo uchi mbira – nyama, Wotchuka chifukwa cha kulimba mtima kwake kopambana, komanso kuchuluka kwa machitidwe kotero kuti mbiri yotere idalowanso mu Guinness Book.
Nyama izi ndizosavulazidwa, ngakhale sizitetezedwa ndi zida konse, koma zazitali kutalika, tsitsi lolimba, pazifukwa zina zopepuka pamwamba kuposa pansipa, ngakhale pazinthu zamoyo zambiri chilichonse chimasiyana. Koma khungu la mbira za uchi ndilopaderabe, ngakhale lapaderadera.
Ili pafupifupi sentimita imodzi yolimba, yolimba koma yotanuka. Chifukwa chake imatha kuteteza eni ake ku mano olusa ndi zilonda za mpeni. Ndi malo ena amodzi: khungu la nyama silimamatira thupi, koma limayenda momasuka, lomwe limathandiza ma dodge kuti azitha kuzemba pakulimbana ndi mdani.
Otsutsa sangathe kumvetsetsa mwamphamvu ma daredevils ovutawo, pomwe mbira za uchi zimagwiritsa ntchito nsagwada zawo zamphamvu kwambiri osati zikhadabo zopanda vuto. Ichi ndichifukwa chake, pocheperako, amakhala owopsa.
Kutalika kwa zikhadabo za uchi badger kumatha kukhala masentimita asanu, zomwe ndizosangalatsa kutengera kukula kwake. Zida zakuthwa izi sizongolimbana chabe. Ndi ziwetozo, zimakumba ziboo zakuya pansi. Ziwisi za uchi sizitali, ndipo kutalika kwa thupi la zamoyozi, loyenda ndi miyendo inayi, siloposa masentimita 77, ngati litayesedwa mopingasa kuchokera kumphuno mpaka pansi pamchira wachidule.
Ndipo pamodzi ndi omaliza, zizindikilozo zimakhala pafupifupi mita imodzi. Mutu wa nyama ndi waung'ono, koma wotakata. Pamphuno yosongoka, osati yotchuka kwambiri, maso ozungulira ndi mphuno yayifupi amawoneka. Thupi, lomwe limakhala lalikulu kwambiri mwa amuna, ndilolimba komanso limakhala lolimba.
Miyendo, ngakhale siyitali, ndi yolimba komanso yolimba. Oyimira nyamazi adalandira dzina lawo chifukwa chakuledzera kukaona ming'oma ya njuchi kuti awawononge. Koma nkhani zotere ndizosangalatsa kotero kuti ndi bwino kuwauza mwatsatanetsatane mtsogolo.
Mitundu
Honey badger - ili ndi dzina lamtundu umodzi wamtundu wa weasel, womwe ndi wapadera komanso wosadalira mtundu wake. Oimira ake amafalikira makamaka m'malo ambiri ku Africa. Kuphatikizanso kumwera kwa Asia: apa amayamba kuchokera ku Arabia yotentha, mpaka kumpoto amalanda Central Asia ndikupita chakummawa kupita ku India ndi Nepal.
Mtundu wa tsitsi la honey badgers, okhala m'malo amenewa, ndi ofanana. Mtunduwo ndiwanzeru, koma wachilendo kwambiri. Imvi yoyera kumtunda, imawala kwambiri nthawi yotentha, yofanana ndi chovala chachifupi chomwe chaponyedwa mthupi la nyama. Koma pansi, komwe kumaphatikizapo mutu, mbali ndi mawoko, kuli ndi tsitsi lakuda.
Ndipo kumpoto chakumpoto kwa Congo ndi madera ena akumadera otentha aku Africa ndi komwe kumakhala mitundu yakuda kwambiri. Kutengera ndi malo okhala, nthumwi za mitunduyi zidagawika m'magulu awiri: African and Indian.
Madera okhala kwawo ndi akulu, komabe, kuchuluka kwa anthu sikofunikira kwenikweni chifukwa chakuchepa kogawa. Kupatula apo, iliyonse mwa nyamazi ili ndi malo ake okhala, omwe amateteza mwansanje mbalame zina. Amuna amodzi amatha kutalika mpaka 300 km2, ngakhale akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako pakupempha.
Pakati pa abale awo m'banja, nyama zazing'ono, zolusa, ngwazi zankhani yathu zimawoneka zovuta. Komabe, kuyang'ana pang'ono kumabweretsa chithunzi chonyenga, chifukwa zida zawo zachilengedwe zitha kuwerengedwa ngati mphatso zamtengo wapatali zosinthika, zothandiza kupulumuka bwino m'dziko lankhanza.
Nyama yotere nthawi zambiri imatchedwa "ratel". Komanso, dzina lotchulira baji ya bald limamatira kwa iye, mwina chifukwa nthawi zina pamwamba pake pa nyamayo pamakhala chithunzi cha wamaliseche, wopanda ubweya, dera.
Kwa wachibale wanu mbira uchi mbira amawoneka ofanana kwambiri, kupatula mitundu. Kuphatikiza apo, chigaza cha nyama yomwe tikufotokozerayi ndi chokulirapo, cholumikizira ndichachikulu, ndipo mawonekedwe ake siabwino kwambiri, koma osasamala. Phokoso lomwe amapanga limakhala losangalatsa komanso lochuluka. Ikhoza kukhala kukuwa, kung'ung'udza, kupumira, ngakhalenso kuseka.
Mwachilengedwe, mbira ya uchi imafanana ndi wolverine. Amangokhala wamphwayi, wamakani komanso wopanda mantha, komanso, amawoneka chimodzimodzi. Achibale ena odziwika kwambiri komanso odziwika kwambiri pa badger ndi ma ferrets, otters, minks komanso a martens. Zonse pamodzi, pali mitundu pafupifupi makumi asanu mu banja la weasel.
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Monga ma weasel ambiri, mbalame za uchi sizimakonda kusochera pagulu, zimakonda kukhala zokha ku gulu la abale awo. Apa, ma bachelors achichepere okha nthawi zina ndiosiyana. Nthawi zambiri amalumikizana m'magulu omwe amakhala m'malo ang'onoang'ono, omwe malire ake amakhala ndi anthu okhala ndi madzi onunkhira kuti awadziwitse abale kuti gawolo lakhala kale.
Pakadali pano, gawo limodzi mwazinthu izi liyenera kutchulidwa. Monga zokopa, ndizonunkha kwambiri. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zikwama zamatumba, zomwe zimatulutsa chinsinsi ndi fungo lamphamvu kwambiri. Ndipo kununkhira komwe kumapangidwa nthawi zambiri sikungokhala chenjezo kwa alendo, koma chida champhamvu chomwe chimawopseza adani owopsa.
M'madera otentha a makontinenti awiri, Africa ndi Asia, mbira za uchi nthawi zambiri zimazika mizu m'nkhalango ndi m'mapiri, nthawi zambiri m'zipululu, koma mumakhala chinyezi kwambiri kapena, m'malo mwake, malo ouma, komanso mapiri ataliatali samasangalatsa iwo.
Amakhala olimbikira ntchito mumdima kapena mdima, nthawi zina amangowonekera m'mabowo kunja kwa masana, kenako kumadera akutali kwambiri ndi chitukuko komanso nyengo yotentha kwambiri. Chizolowezi, komwe mbira zimathera nthawi yayitali pamoyo wawo, ndizapadziko lapansi.
Amadziwika kwambiri pakusuntha kwamtunda. Ali pamtunda, amasaka, kuti apeze chakudya chawo. Koma nyamazo zimatha kukwera mitengo ndipo nthawi zina zimabisala m'mabowo (ofanana ndi ankhondo aku Africa).
Komabe, nthawi zambiri maenje omwe amakumbidwa ndi mawoko awo, osatetezedwa ndi zikhadabo zakuthwa kwambiri, amakhala ngati pothawirapo nyama zotere. M'malo ofanana komanso mbira imakhala panthawi yopuma masana. Maenje awa, omwe amakhala mozama kupitilira kukula kwaumunthu, amakhala ndi china chake chofewa kuti chikhale chosavuta.
Komabe, awa ndi malo okhalako kwakanthawi, chifukwa nyama zathu zimakonda kusintha komwe amakhala. Ndipo patsiku amatha kukumba ngalande zazikulu mobisa, munthawi yochepa akupezeka kutali ndi kwawo.
Ziweta za uchi sizikhala ndi adani omwe angazichititse mantha kapena kuwononga zina ndi zina. Nsagwada zawo zazikulu zimatha kuthyolathyola ngakhale mafupa a mdani wamphamvu. Ndipo chifukwa chake, mosazengereza, amabwera kunkhondo ndi mikango ingapo ndi nyama zina zowopsa, mwachitsanzo, njati, zimagonjetsa abuluzi mosavuta.
Ndizosatheka kupha mbira yathu yadazi, yomwe siyimva ululu. M'mano mwa omwe akuukirawo, imakungika mwamphamvu ndikulemba ndi zikhadabo zake m'maso, pomwe khungu lake lodabwitsa limagwira zilonda zonse zoyipa. Inde, mbira zimakhala ndi malo ofooka, mwachitsanzo, pakhosi kapena m'mimba, koma zimakhala zovuta kuzifikira.
Sikuti khungu la nyama zotere ndilopadera, komanso chitetezo chawo chachilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku mbola ya mphiri yapoizoni, yomwe imatha kupha zamoyo zazikulu, kuphatikiza anthu, mbira za uchi kwa kanthawi kochepa zimagwera modabwitsa, ngati kukomoka.
Atakumana ndi zopweteka kale, amagona, mwina atamwalira, kapena akugona. Koma posakhalitsa, zhivunchiks awa amabwerera ku bizinesi yawo. Ndipo amatha kudya modekha njoka yomwe adawapha, yomwe idangowapatsa kumene ndi kuluma kwawo komaliza.
Ziwisi za uchi ndizotetezanso poizoni wa njuchi zakutchire. Pali milandu yokwanira pomwe tizilombo tankhanza tonse tomwe timagundana ndi nyama zolimba, nthawi zambiri zimaphwanya mtendere wawo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mbira ndizolimba mtima, zimamva kuti sizingasokonezeke, zimatha kudziteteza ku tsoka lililonse komanso mdani woopsa kwambiri.
Zakudya zabwino
Mbira za uchi ndi nyama zolusa, koma nthawi yomweyo zimakhala zamphongo lokwanira kukhutitsidwa ngakhale ndi zovunda. Kuphatikiza apo, kukula kwawo kocheperako kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunikira kupereka zokonda osati zazikulu kwambiri. Izi zitha kukhala mbalame, makoswe, nyama zambiri zopanda mafupa ndi amphibiya, nthawi zambiri, nyama zazing'ono zazikulu, mwachitsanzo, ng'ona, antelopes. Mphamvu zawo zabwino za kununkhiza, kumva ndi kuwona zimawathandiza kusaka. Nthawi zambiri amabisala pansi.
Ngakhale mbira yolimba ya uchi, ndipo mano ake ndi akuthwa kwambiri kotero kuti amatha kuloleza mwini wawo kuti adye kamba yense pamodzi ndi chipolopolo chake, ngwazi zam'mutu wathu zimagwiritsanso ntchito zakudya zamasamba, ndiye kuti, zipatso, zipatso, mizu ndi zipatso, monga chowonjezera cha vitamini. Kuphatikiza apo, sakanatchedwa uchi mbuzi ngati sanakonde uchi.
Komabe, monga akunenera, m'maenje a njuchi nyama zathu zimakopeka kwambiri ndi mphutsi za tizilombo timeneti. Ndipo kuti apeze komwe kuli tsokalo, amathandizidwa ndi malingaliro odabwitsa, chidwi mwachilengedwe, kuwunika ndi luntha, komanso mbalame zotchedwa maupangiri a uchi.
Mbalame zazing'ono zomwe zatchulidwazi, achibale aku Africa a nkhalango, nawonso samadana ndikudya, koma osati uchi, koma phula, lomwe zolengedwa zambiri sizimadya. Koma kwa mbalame iyi, zisa za sera ndizofunikira kwambiri. Akuba omwe ali ndi mapiko sangathe kuwatenga okha kuchokera ku njuchi zoopsa, chifukwa chake amalowa mgulu lankhondo ndi mbira za uchi.
Chithunzichi ndichosangalatsa kwambiri. Atazindikira komwe kuli njuchi, wowongolera uchiyu amatsegulira mbira, ndikumulembera zikwangwani. Zimatsanzira kung'ung'udza potumiza zidziwitso kwa wothandiziridwayo mchilankhulo chawo. Imayenda mlengalenga kutsogolo ndi kuloza njira, nthawi zina mbalameyo imaima kaye kuti mnzake wa miyendo inayi amene amaitsatira asabwerere m'mbuyo ndi kumvetsa bwino kumene akufuna.
Kuphatikiza apo, mnzake wolimba mtima, osawopa kulumidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komwe nthawi zambiri amalandira mopitilira muyeso pochita opareshoni, amapeza ndikuwononga chisa cha njuchi. Ndi uchi ndi mphutsi, ndipo mnzake wamphangayo amapeza zisa zosakhudzidwa, ndiye kuti, zomwe amafunikira. Pofunafuna ming'oma ya njuchi, mbira imatha kuchita popanda zoyenda. Ndipo amaphunzira komwe kuli chidwi powona kuyenda kwa tizilombo.
Kuti tichite izi, nyama yathu imakhala pansi dzuwa likamalowa, ndikuyang'ana kumwamba, ikuphimba maso ake padzuwa, ndipo imawunika mosamala komwe njuchi zikuuluka. Pofika usiku, tizilombo tolimbikira timathamangira kukabisala pachisa chawo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti samangoyenda mwachisawawa, kutulutsa timadzi tokoma, koma amayesetsa kukhala malo awo. Kuwatsatira, mbira imayamba kumukomera.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Masewera okwatirana ndi chinthu chokhacho chomwe nthawi zambiri chimapangitsa kuti mbalame za uchi zifunefune anthu amtundu wawo. Mimba yomwe imabwera posachedwa mu theka lachikazi imakhala ndi njira yosazolowereka, motero kutalika kwake kumakhala kovuta kudziwa ndendende, chifukwa nthawi yakukula kwa dzira imasiyanasiyana.
Izi ndizodziwika kwa mamembala onse a banja la weasel, osati mitundu ya honey badger yokha. Mwinanso, kutenga pakati kumangodutsa miyezi yopitilira iwiri, ngakhale kutenga pakati kumatha mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ndipo pambuyo pake anawo amabadwa. Itha kukhala thumba limodzi kapena angapo, koma nthawi zambiri osapitilira zidutswa zinayi.
Ana amaleredwa kwa milungu ingapo m'mabowo mobisa kapena m'maenje amitengo yayikulu ndipo amayang'aniridwa ndi amayi mpaka atakwanitsa chaka chimodzi. Mbira yaikazi yachikazi mwachangu amakwaniritsa ntchito zawo ndipo amateteza ana awo kwa olakwira mpaka ana atakula atha kukhala moyo wodziyimira pawokha.
Ali mu ukapolo, nyama zapaderazi zimatha kufikira zaka 26. Komabe, kutchire, nthawi yakukhala moyo wawo sichimadziwika. Koma chifukwa cha kusinthasintha modabwitsa komanso kuwonongeka kwa nyama zotere, titha kuganiza kuti kufa kwawo ali achichepere sikokwanira kwenikweni.
Koma kuzolowera ming'oma ya njuchi, komanso chizolowezi cha mbira zokacheza kukacheza nkhuku kukasaka, zidawathandiza kupanga mdani wowopsa - munthu. Poganizira zolimba mtima ngati tizirombo, anthu nthawi ina adawawononga.
Misampha idakodwa pa nyamazo, nyambo zapoizoni adayikidwapo. Kuchokera pamenepo, kuchuluka kwa anthu aku Africa kwatsika kwambiri. Komabe, masiku ano oimira zinyama sakuwopsezedwa kuti atha.
Zosangalatsa
Mwayi woti munthu waku Russia akumane ndi badger ndi wocheperako. Koma ndizotheka. Kodi apaulendo olimba mtima, ofufuza ochokera kumayiko akutali, azikhala bwanji pamsonkhano uno? Pali malangizo oti mupereke.
- Kungakhale kulakwitsa kwakukulu kunyalanyaza mikhalidwe yolimbana ya nyama zotere, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwake, kuzikalipira, ndikuyembekeza kuopseza ndikuwakakamiza kuti achoke. Ankhondo olimba mtima amenewa, nawonso, amathamangira kuti abwezere. Ndipo ndiye kuti kukanakhala kovuta kuletsa adaniwo osatopa.
- Kubisala mbira mumtengo sikuyenera kuyesera. Iye, ndi luso la wokwera kwambiri, athamangira pambuyo pake.
- Pali ziyembekezo zopanda maziko zolimbana ndi mbira mwa kuigwira ndi manja anu, ndikuyembekeza kuyimitsa motere. Zikhomera zake nthawi yomweyo zimakhazikika pamaso pa wolakwayo, ndipo mwayi wokhala wopanda diso ndi waukulu.
- Kuyesayesa kwa amuna amphamvu kuti agwire nyama ija ndi kuyesa kuyigwira ndi manja atambasulanso kulibe phindu. Nsagwada zake zamphamvu nthawi yomweyo zimayamba kulowa mnofu. Ndipo mphamvu yolumayo idzakhala yothyola mafupa.
- Ziweta za uchi sizingowonongeka mwachilengedwe zokha, koma ndizanzeru kwambiri komanso zimawonetsetsa. Chifukwa chake, ndizovuta kuthana nawo ndi chinyengo.
- Mpeni kwa iwo, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, si chida champhamvu chokwanira. Mivi ndi mikondo sizigwiranso ntchito pano. Zonsezi zimangopangitsa nyamayo kukwiya, ndipo mokwiya imakhala yowopsa.
- Kupha mdani wotero ndikotheka, mwina, kokha ndi mfuti. Koma muyenera kuwombera mwachangu, molondola, kangapo komanso molunjika pamutu. Ndipo nthawi yomweyo kumbukirani kuti ngati zingalephereke, mwayi wachiwiri mwina sudzaperekedwa.
Simungavutike bwanji ndi mbira yadazi? Popeza pamwambapa, mawu omaliza ndi omveka. Ndikofunika kukumbukira bwino mawonekedwe a zolengedwa izi, zomwe zimatha kuganiziridwa mu chithunzi cha mbira ya uchi, ndipo ngati n’kotheka, musatalikirane nawo, mutamva kuti amapezeka kudera linalake.
Ndipo alendo omwe akupita ku Africa ndi South Asia amangopereka upangiri wofunikira kwambiri. Ngati mseuwo ndi wamoyo, simuyenera kuyendayenda m'nkhalango komanso m'malo opanda anthu amayiko awa nokha.
