Pali mitundu yachilendo kwambiri pakati pazinyama. Dzanja mmodzi wa iwo. Nyamayi ndi yamtundu wa anyani, anyani a lemurs, koma imasiyana mosiyana ndi iwo m'mawonekedwe ndi zizolowezi.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Mu 1780, chifukwa cha kafukufuku wa wasayansi Pierre Sonner pakati pa nyama zakutchire ku Madagascar, chodabwitsa nyama yaying'ono... Chilombocho chinali chosowa ndipo ngakhale am'deralo, malinga ndi chitsimikiziro chawo, sanakumaneko nacho.
Iwo anali osamala ndi nyama yachilendoyi ndipo ankakuwa "ay-ay" modabwa nthawi zonse. Sonner anasankha kufuula uku ngati dzina la nyama yachilendo, yomwe mpaka pano amatchedwa - Madagascar aye aye.
Kuyambira pachiyambi pomwe, asayansi sanathe kunena kuti ndi nyama yamtundu wina koma kutengera momwe a Pierre Sonner amafotokozera kuti ndi mbewa. Komabe, atakambirana kwakanthawi, adaganiza zakuzindikira nyamayo ngati lemur, ngakhale kuti imasiyana pang'ono ndi zomwe gulu limachita.
Madagascar aye ali ndi mawonekedwe apachiyambi kwambiri. Kukula kwanyama kumakhala kochepa, pafupifupi masentimita 35-45, kulemera kwake kumafikira pafupifupi 2.5 kilogalamu, anthu akulu amatha kulemera ma kilogalamu atatu.
Thupi limatetezedwa ndi tsitsi lalitali lakuda ndipo tsitsi lalitali lomwe limakhala ngati zisonyezo ndi zoyera theka. Mchira wa nyama yosazolowereka ndi yayitali kwambiri kuposa thupi, yayikulu komanso yofewa, yopanda pake, yofanana ndi gologolo. Utali wonse wa nyama ufikira mita, yomwe mchira umatenga theka - mpaka 50 sentimita.
Mbali yapadera ya Madagascar aye ndi yayikulu, osati yayikulu, mutu wokhala ndi makutu akulu, owoneka ngati masamba. Maso akuyenera kusamalidwa mwapadera - akulu, ozungulira, nthawi zambiri achikaso okhala ndi mabala obiriwira, omwe amafotokozedwa ndi mabwalo akuda.
Dzanja ay-ay Ndiwokhala usiku ndipo amakhala ndi maso abwino. Chophulika m'kapangidwe kake chikufanana ndi thunzi la mbewa. Amaloza, okhala ndi mano akuthwa kwambiri omwe akukula nthawi zonse. Ngakhale dzina lachilendo, chinyama chili ndi miyendo iwiri yakutsogolo ndi iwiri yakumbuyo, pali zikhadabo zazitali zakuthwa kuzala zakuphazi.
Miyendo yakutsogolo ndi yayifupi pang'ono kuposa yakumbuyo, motero aye amayenda pansi pang'onopang'ono. Ngakhale sichimatsikira padziko lapansi kawirikawiri. Koma akangokwera mumtengo - ndipo miyendo yayifupi yakutsogolo imakhala mwayi waukulu ndikuthandizira nyamayo kuti idutse pamitengo.
Kapangidwe ka zala ndizachilendo: chala chapakati aye ilibe minofu yofewa, ndi yayitali kwambiri komanso yopyapyala. Nyama imagwiritsa ntchito chala ichi ndi msomali wowonda kwambiri kuti ipeze chakudya pogogoda khungwa, ndipo ngati foloko, imatulutsa mphutsi ndi nyongolotsi zomwe zimapezeka mumtengowo, zimathandiza kukankhira chakudyacho pakhosi.
Ikamathamanga kapena kuyenda, nyama imapinda chala chapakati mkati momwe ingathere, kuwopa kuti chiwonongeka. Nyama yachilendo imatchedwa chinsinsi kwambiri. Mitundu yakomweko ya Aaborigine kale idalingalira kuti iye amakhala wokhala ku gehena. Sizikudziwika bwinobwino kuti izi zidachitika bwanji.
Malongosoledwe oyamba a ofufuza akuwonetsa kuti Aborigine amaganiza kuti nyamayi ndi yotembereredwa chifukwa cha maso ake owala lalanje, opangidwa ndi mabwalo amdima. Perekani chithunzi ndipo kwenikweni zimawoneka zowopsa, izi ndi zomwe, asayansi amakhulupirira, ndipo zimayambitsa mantha azamabambo kwa Aborigine.
Chikhulupiriro cha mafuko aku Madagascar chimati munthu amene amapha dzanja adzapezedwa ndi temberero ngati kuti latsala pang'ono kufa. Mpaka pano, asayansi sanapeze dzina lenileni la aye mchilankhulo cha Malagasy. M'malo mwake, nyama ya pachilumbachi ndi yokoma mtima kwambiri, sichidzaukira koyamba kapena kulumala. M'mikangano wamba, amakonda kubisala mumthunzi wamitengo.
Ndizovuta kwambiri kugula nyamayi, chifukwa ili pafupi kutha chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa malodza, komanso chifukwa cha kubadwa kwake kosowa. Zimadziwika bwino kuti sizimabereka ukapolo.
Mkazi amabweretsa mwana mmodzi yekha pa nthawi. Palibe zochitika zodziwika za kubadwa kwa ana awiri kapena kupitilira apo nthawi imodzi. Ndizosatheka kugula aye mu gulu lachinsinsi. Chirombo chidalembedwa mu Red Book.
Mitundu
Pambuyo pakupeza nyama yachilendo iyi, asayansi adaiyika ngati mbewa. Pambuyo pofufuza mwatsatanetsatane, nyamayo idapatsidwa gawo laling'ono la anyani. Nyama aye ndi a gulu la lemurs, koma amakhulupirira kuti mtundu uwu udatsata njira ina yosinthira ndikusandulika nthambi yina. Mitundu ina, kupatula Madagascar aye-aye, sinapezeke pakadali pano.
Chochititsa chidwi ndi zomwe akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale apeza. Zotsalira za aye aye wakale, atamangidwanso bwino pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapakompyuta, zikuwonetsa kuti chirombo chakale chinali chachikulu kwambiri kuposa mbadwa zake zamakono.
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Chinyama sichimakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa motero sichimasuntha masana. Saona kalikonse padzuwa. Koma pomwe kudayamba kulowa, masomphenya ake abwerera kwa iye, ndipo amatha kuwona mphutsi m'makungwa amitengo patali pa mamita khumi.
Masana, nyamayo imakhala ili m'tulo, kukwera dzenje kapena kukhala plexus wandiweyani ya nthambi. Zitha kukhala zosayenda tsiku lonse. Dzanja lophimbidwa ndi mchira wake wobiriwira waukulu ndikugona. M'dziko lino, ndizovuta kuziwona. Pakufika usiku, chinyama chimakhala ndi moyo ndikuyamba kusaka mphutsi, nyongolotsi ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, tomwe timayang'ananso usiku.
Amakhala ae kokha m'nkhalango za Madagascar. Kuyesera konse kupeza anthu kunja kwa chilumbacho kwalephera. M'mbuyomu, amakhulupirira kuti nyamayo imangokhala kumpoto kwa chilumba cha Madagascar.
Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti zitsanzo zosowa zimapezeka kumadzulo kwa chilumbachi. Amakonda kutentha ndipo pakagwa mvula, amatha kusonkhana m'magulu ang'onoang'ono ndikugona, atakumanizana wina ndi mnzake.
Nyamayo imakonda kukhala m'nkhalango za bamboo ndi mango, mdera laling'ono. Sichitsika pamitengo kawirikawiri. Amachita mantha kwambiri kusintha malo okhala. Izi zitha kuchitika ngati mwana ali pachiwopsezo kapena chakudya chitha m'malo awa.
Madagascar aye ali ndi adani ochepa kwambiri. Saopa njoka ndi mbalame zodya nyama; Sasakidwa ndi zilombo zazikuluzikulu. Choopsa chachikulu kwa nyama zachilendozi ndi anthu. Kuphatikiza pa chidani chamatsenga, pali kudula mitengo pang'onopang'ono, komwe kumakhala malo achilengedwe a manja ake.
Zakudya zabwino
Dzanja si chilombo. Amadyetsa tizilombo tokha ndi mphutsi zawo. Kukhala mumitengo, nyama imamvetsera mwachidwi tizilombo tolira tomwe timauluka, timiyala, mbozi kapena mbozi zomwe zimakuta makungwa owuma. Nthawi zina amatha kugwira agulugufe kapena agulugufe. Nyama zazikulu sizimenyedwa ndipo zimakonda kukhala kutali.
Chifukwa chakapangidwe kake kazithunzithunzi zapatsogolo, iye amapopera mosamala makungwa amitengo kuti pakhale mphutsi, amayang'anitsitsa nthambi za mitengo yomwe imakhalapo. Chala chapakatikati cha mkaka chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chinyama ngati chowomberapo, posonyeza kupezeka kwa chakudya.
Kenako mlenjeyo amaluma makungwawo ndi mano akuthwa, amatulutsa mbozizo ndipo, pogwiritsa ntchito chala chofananacho, akukankhira chakudya pakhosi. Zatsimikiziridwa kuti nyama imatha kuzindikira kuyenda kwa tizilombo pakuya kwa mita inayi.
Amakonda dzanja ndi zipatso. Akapeza chipatsocho, amatafuna zamkati. Amakonda kokonati. Amawamenya, ngati khungwa, kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa mkaka wa kokonati mkati, kenako ndikungoluma nati yomwe amakonda. Zakudyazo zimaphatikizapo nsungwi ndi nzimbe. Monga zipatso zolimba, nyama imakuluma mbali yolimba ndikusankha zamkati ndi chala chake.
Manja a ai-ai ali ndi zizindikilo zosiyanasiyana zamawu. Pofika madzulo, nyama zimayamba kuyenda mumitengo kufunafuna chakudya. Nthawi yomweyo, amalira mokweza, mofanana ndi kubangula kwa nguluwe.
Kuti athamangitse anthu ena madera awo, iwo amatha kufuula kwambiri. Amalankhula zaukali, ndibwino kuti musayandikire nyama yotere. Nthawi zina mumamva ngati kulira. Chilombocho chimapanga mawu onsewa polimbana ndi madera omwe ali ndi chakudya chochuluka.
Nyamayo sichitenga gawo lapadera pazakudya zaku Madagascar. Samasakidwa. Komabe, ndi gawo limodzi mwazinthu zachilengedwe pachilumbachi. Ndizosangalatsa kuti kulibe odulira mitengo komanso mbalame zofananira nawo pachilumbachi. Chifukwa cha dongosolo lazakudya, phazi lamanja limagwira "ntchito" yazomata - limatsuka mitengo ku tizirombo, tizilombo ndi mphutsi zawo.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Munthu aliyense amakhala m'dera lalikulu yekha. Nyama iliyonse imayika malire ake ndipo potero imateteza ku achibale ake. Ngakhale kuti aye amasungidwa padera, chilichonse chimasintha munthawi yokwatirana.
Kuti akope mnzake, mkaziyo amayamba kupanga phokoso laphokoso, kuyitana amuna. Amakwatirana ndi aliyense amene amabwera kudzamuyitana. Mkazi aliyense amanyamula mwana wa ng'ombe mmodzi kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Amayi amakonzekela chisa chabwino cha mwana wawo.
Akabadwa, mwanayo amakhala mmenemo pafupifupi miyezi iwiri ndipo amadyetsa mkaka wa mayiyo. Amachita izi mpaka miyezi isanu ndi iwiri. Ana ali pafupi kwambiri ndi amayi awo, ndipo amatha kukhala nawo kwa chaka chimodzi. Nyama yayikulu imapangidwa mchaka chachitatu cha moyo. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, anawo amatuluka kamodzi zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu zilizonse.
Avereji ya ana obadwa kumene ana aye kulemera pafupifupi magalamu 100, zikuluzikulu zimatha kulemera mpaka magalamu 150. Nthawi yokula sikugwira ntchito kwambiri, makanda amakula pang'onopang'ono, koma pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mpaka isanu ndi inayi amafika polemera kwambiri - mpaka makilogalamu 2.5.
Chiwerengerochi chimasinthasintha popeza akazi amalemera pang'ono ndipo amuna amalemera kwambiri. Ana amabadwa kale ataphimbidwa ndi ubweya wambiri. Mtundu wa malayawo ndi wofanana kwambiri ndi wa akuluakulu. Mumdima, amatha kusokonezeka mosavuta, koma anawo amasiyana ndi makolo awo mumtundu wa maso awo. Maso awo ndi obiriwira. Muthanso kudziwa ndi makutu. Ndi zazing'ono kwambiri kuposa mutu.
Aye ana amabadwa ndi mano. Mano ake ndi akuthwa kwambiri komanso ooneka ngati masamba. Sinthani kukhala achikhalidwe patatha miyezi inayi. Komabe, amasinthana ndi chakudya cholimba chachikulire ngakhale pamano a mkaka.
Zochitika zaposachedwa za nyamazi zatsimikizira kuti zoyambira zoyamba kuchokera pachisa zimayamba pafupifupi miyezi iwiri. Amachoka kwakanthawi kochepa osati patali. Moyenera limodzi ndi mayi yemwe amayang'anira mosamala mayendedwe onse a anawo ndikuwatsogolera ndi mawu apadera amawu.
Moyo weniweni wa cholengedwa mu ukapolo sudziwika motsimikiza. Amadziwika kuti nyamayi yakhala yosangalala zaka zoposa 25. Koma izi ndizokha. Palibenso umboni wina wautali wa zaka zambirimbiri mu ukapolo. M'chilengedwe pansi pazabwino, amakhala zaka 30.
