Kwawo kwa chinkhwe kakapo, kapena mtundu wa parrot, amadziwika kuti New Zealand, komwe akhala zaka masauzande ambiri. Mbali yapadera ya mbalamezi ndi kulephera kwawo kuuluka.
Izi zidathandizidwa ndi malo okhala momwe kwazaka zambiri kunalibe zolusa zachilengedwe zomwe zingawopseze moyo wa mbalamezi. Dzinali loyambirira, kakapo, lidaperekedwa kwa mbadwa zamtunduwu zamapiko ku New Zealand, zomwe zawalembera nthano zambiri.
Azungu omwe amafika, omwe adawonekera koyamba m'malo amenewa, adapatsa mbalame dzina lina - kakapo kakapokuyambira pamenepo anapeza kufanana kodabwitsa m'mapangidwe a nthenga ngati mawonekedwe otseguka m'maso mwa mbalame ndi kadzidzi.
Pamodzi ndi alendo ochokera ku Europe, ziweto zambiri zidabwera kuzilumbazi, ndipo anthu a kakapo adayamba kuchepa mwachangu. Ndipo pofika zaka za m'ma 70 za m'ma 2000, zidafika povuta - anthu 18 okha, ndipo ngakhale anali amuna.
Kakapo kali ndi fungo lokoma lokongola
Komabe, zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, pachilumba china cha New Zealand, gulu laling'ono la mbalamezi lidapezeka, lomwe akuluakulu aboma adaliteteza kuti lipulumutse anthu. Pakadali pano, chifukwa cha ntchito yodzipereka, ziwombankhanga zafika pa anthu 125.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Parrot wa Kakapo - Iyi ndi mbalame yayikulu kwambiri yomwe imamveka mokweza mawu, yofanana ndi kung'ung'udza kwa nkhumba, kapena kulira kwa bulu. Popeza mbalamezi sizimatha kuwuluka, nthenga zawo ndizopepuka komanso zofewa, mosiyana ndi abale ena omwe akuuluka omwe ali ndi nthenga zolimba. Chiphokoso cha kadzidzi sichimagwiritsa ntchito mapiko ake m'moyo wake wonse, kupatula kuthekera kokayenda pamwamba pa mtengo mpaka pansi.
Mbalame ya Kakapo uli ndi mtundu wapadera womwe umalola kuti usawoneke pakati pa masamba obiriwira amtengowo. Nthenga zobiriwira zachikaso zimawala pang'ono pang'ono pafupi ndi pamimba. Kuphatikiza apo, mawanga amdima amwazikana paliponse m'mapiko, ndikupangitsa kubisala kwakukulu.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira pamoyo wa mbalamezi ndizomwe amachita usiku. Nthawi zambiri amagona masana, ndikupita kukawedza usiku. Kakapo ndi mbalame zomwe zimakonda kukhala pawokha; zimangodzipangira okhaokha nthawi yokhwima. Kuti akhale ndi moyo, amamanga maenje ang'onoang'ono kapena zisa m'ming'alu ya miyala kapena m'nkhalango zowirira.
Mbali yapadera ya mbalamezi ndi fungo lawo. Amapereka fungo lokoma, lokoma, lokumbutsa uchi wamaluwa. Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti pochita izi, amakopa achibale awo.
Kakapo pachithunzipa zikuwoneka zokongola. Izi mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zolemera kwambiri pakati pa mbalame za mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe: Mwachitsanzo, kulemera kwa mwamuna kumatha kufika makilogalamu 4, mkaziyo ndi wocheperako - pafupifupi makilogalamu atatu.
Kakapos amathamanga bwino ndipo amatha kuyenda maulendo ataliatali
Chifukwa choti mbalameyi siziuluka, ili ndi miyendo yabwino kwambiri, yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kulumpha pansi ndikukwera mwachangu pamtengo. Kwenikweni, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwezi zimayenda pansi, kwinaku zikugwetsa mitu yawo. Chifukwa cha mawondo awo olimba komanso olimba, kakapo amatha kukhala ndi liwiro labwino ndikugonjetsa makilomita angapo patsiku.
Parrot ya kadzidzi ili ndi mawonekedwe apadera: vibrissae amapezeka mozungulira mlomo, zomwe zimathandiza mbalameyo kuyenda mosavuta mumlengalenga usiku. Mukasunthira pansi, mchira wawufupi ukukoka, motero nthawi zambiri umawoneka wosawoneka bwino.
Mitundu
Pakati pa gulu la mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe, asayansi amasiyanitsa mabanja awiri akulu: mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe ndi mbatata. Ambiri mwa iwo, monga kakapo, ndi owoneka bwino kukula ndi nthenga zowala. Ambiri mwa iwo amakhala m'nkhalango zotentha kwambiri.
Pakati pa abale awo ambiri, kakapo amakhala osiyana: sangathe kuwuluka, kusuntha makamaka pansi ndipo amakhala usiku. Achibale apafupi kwambiri ndi budgerigar ndi cockatiel.
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Kakapo amakhala nkhalango zamvula zambiri kuzilumba za New Zealand. Njira yawo yamoyo ili yolungamitsidwa bwino ndi dzinalo, lotanthauziridwa kuchokera mchilankhulo cha Maori, nzika zam'malo awa, "kakapo" amatanthauza "parrot mumdima."
Mbalamezi zimakonda kukhala usiku wonse: masana zimabisala pakati pa masamba ndi mitengo, ndipo usiku zimayenda maulendo ataliatali kukafunafuna chakudya kapena wokwatirana naye. Nthawi ina, mbalame yotchedwa parrot imatha kuyenda makilomita angapo.
Mtundu wake wa nthengayo umathandiza kuti usaoneke pakati pa masamba ndi mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo. Komabe, izi sizothandiza kwenikweni motsutsana ndi ma martens ndi makoswe, omwe adawonekera pazilumbazi pakubwera kwa azungu.
Nthawi zina njira yokhayo yopewera chiopsezo chodyedwa ndi chilombo ndikungoyenda kwathunthu. Mwa ichi kakapo adakwaniritsa ungwiro: m'malo opanikizika, amatha kuundana pomwepo.
Kakapo, chinkhwe chosakhoza kuuluka
Sizodabwitsa kuti nkhalango zam'madera otentha za New Zealand zidasankhidwa ndi mbalameyi. Kuphatikiza pobisalira masamba obiriwira obiriwira, mbalameyi imakhala ndi chakudya chochuluka m'malo amenewa.
Zakudya zabwino
Chakudya cha mbalameyi makamaka chimakhala chakudya chomera, chomwe chimakhala ndi nkhalango zotentha zambiri. Mitundu yoposa 25 yazomera zam'madera otentha imadziwika kuti ndi yoyenera nkhuku. Komabe, zakudya zokoma kwambiri zimawoneka ngati mungu, mizu yazomera zazing'ono, udzu wachinyamata, ndi mitundu ina ya bowa. Iye samanyozanso moss, ferns, mbewu za zomera zosiyanasiyana, mtedza.
Parrot amasankha mphukira zazing'ono zazing'ono, zomwe zimatha kuthyoledwa mothandizidwa ndi mulomo wabwino. Komabe, ngakhale imadya chakudya chokhwima kwathunthu, mbalameyi sinyalanyaza kudya tizirombo tating'onoting'ono, tomwe timabwera nthawi ndi nthawi. Mwachitsanzo, mbalame ikamangidwa, kumalo osungira nyama, imakonda kuchitiridwa zinthu zabwino.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Nthawi yokomera mbalamezi ndi kumayambiriro kwa chaka: kuyambira Januware mpaka Marichi. Pakadali pano, yamphongo imayamba kunyengerera mkazi, kwinaku ikutulutsa mawu achimvekere omwe mkazi amatha kumva makilomita angapo kutali.
Kuti akope mnzake, wamphongo amakonza zisa zingapo ngati mbale, yolumikizidwa ndi njira zoponderezedwa. Kenako amayamba kupanga phokoso linalake m'mbaleyo.
Pokhala ngati mtundu wa resonator, mbaleyo imakweza mawu ndikumveka. Mkazi amapita kukayitana, nthawi zina amapambana mtunda wabwino, ndipo amadikirira mnzake pachisa chomwe anamukonzera. Makakapo amasankha wokwatirana naye ndi zizindikilo zakunja.
Nyengo yakukhwima imakhala pafupifupi miyezi inayi motsatizana, pomwe makapo amphongo amayenda mtunda wamakilomita angapo tsiku lililonse, akusunthira kuchoka mumtsuko umodzi kupita kwina, kukopa zazikazi kuti zikwere. Pa nthawi yokwera, mbalameyi imachepa kwambiri.
Pakufanana kwake ndi nthenga za kadzidzi, kakapo amatchedwa chinkhwe
Kuti akope chidwi cha mnzake yemwe amamukonda, wamwamuna amavina mwanjira inayake yovina: kutsegula mulomo wake ndikukupiza mapiko ake, amayamba kuzungulira mkazi, ndikupanga mawu oseketsa.
Nthawi yomweyo, mkazi amayesa mosamalitsa momwe mnzakeyo akuyesera kuti amusangalatse, kenako njira yakukhalira pang'ono imachitika. Kenako chachikazi chimayamba kukonza chisa, ndipo mnzakeyo amachoka kukafunafuna mnzake.
Kuphatikiza apo, njira yoyamwitsa mazira ndikuwonjezera anapiye kumachitika popanda kutenga nawo mbali. Kakapo kakakazi kamamanga chisa ndi kotulukapo kangapo, komanso kuyika ngalande yapadera kuti anapiye atuluke.
Pakakhala kalulu wa kadzidzi, nthawi zambiri pamakhala dzira limodzi kapena awiri. Amafanana ndi mazira a njiwa m'maonekedwe ndi kukula kwake. Amaswa anapiye kwa mwezi umodzi. Mayi amakhala ndi anapiye mpaka ataphunzira kudzisamalira.
Mpaka nthawiyo, mayiyo samachoka pachisa mtunda wautali, nthawi zonse amabwerera kumalo akaitanako pang'ono. Anapiye okhwima amakhala nthawi yoyamba osati kutali ndi chisa cha makolo.
Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina, kakaposi amakula ndikukula msanga pang'onopang'ono. Amuna amakhala achikulire ndipo amatha kuswana ali ndi zaka sikisi zokha, ndipo akazi ngakhale pambuyo pake.
Ndipo amabereka ana kamodzi zaka zitatu kapena zinayi zilizonse. Izi sizikuthandizira kukulira kwa anthu, ndipo kupezeka kwa nyama zodya anzawo zomwe sizinyansitsa kudya mbalamezi kumayika mtunduwu pamphepete mwa kutha.
Ambiri amachita chidwi ndi kakapo angati amakhala mu vivo. Izi mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe ndi yaitali chiwindi: ali ndi utali wautali - mpaka zaka 95! Komanso, mbalamezi zimawerengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yakale kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Zosangalatsa
Popeza parrot ya kadzidzi ili pafupi kutha, akuluakulu aku New Zealand akutsata ndondomeko yosamalira zachilengedwe ndipo akuyesera kubzala kakapo munthawi ya nkhokwe ndi malo osungira nyama. Komabe, mbalamezi sizimakonda kwambiri kuswana muukapolo.
A Kakapos saopa anthu. M'malo mwake, anthu ena amakhala ngati amphaka oweta: amakonda anthu ndipo amakonda kukwapulidwa. Kuphatikana ndi munthu, amatha kupempha chidwi ndi zakudya zabwino.
Nthawi yokwanira imakhalapo nthawi yobala zipatso za mtengo wa Rimu, zipatso zake zomwe zimapanga maziko a chakudya cha parl. Chowonadi ndichakuti zipatso za mtengo wapaderawu zili ndi vitamini D. Vitamini uyu ndi amene amachititsa kuti mbalame zapaderazi ziswane.
Mtengo wa rome ndiye gwero lokhalo la vitamini mu kuchuluka komwe amafunikira. Pofunafuna zokoma zomwe amakonda, amatha kukwera miyala ndi mitengo mpaka kutalika - mpaka 20 mita.
Kakapos imatha kukwatirana ngati tchire chakuda nthawi yakumasirana
Kubwerera kuchokera pamtengo kutsika kakapo ntchentche kutambasula mapikoko pakona pa madigiri 45. Mapiko ake pakusintha adakhala osayenerera maulendo ataliatali, komabe, amalola kuti munthu atsike pamitengo yayitali ndikugunda mtunda wa 25 mpaka 50 mita.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuti athandize kuchuluka kwa mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe mzaka zomwe Romeu sabala zipatso, asayansi amadyetsa kakapo chakudya chapadera cha vitamini D chofunikira kuti zithandizire mbalame kukula bwino.
Izi ndi mitundu yokhayokha ya mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zomwe zimadya ngati grouse wakuda m'nyengo yokwatira. Amagwiritsa ntchito "thumba lakhosi" popanga mawu. Ndipo mamvekedwe opangidwa ndi iwo amatchedwanso ndi asayansi "apano". Pakuyitana kwa mnzake, yamphongo imatha kutulutsa nthenga, ndipo kunja kumawoneka ngati mpira wobiriwira wobiriwira.
Makakapo ali pafupi kutha. Izi, poyambirira, zidathandizidwa ndi mafuko amderalo omwe adawagwira kuti adye. Ndi chitukuko cha ulimi pazilumba za New Zealand, nzika zakomweko zidayamba kudula nkhalango kuti zipange njira zobzala zilazi ndi mbatata - kumar.
Chifukwa chake, kumachotsera mwadala kakapo malo ake achilengedwe. Palibe vuto locheperako chifukwa cha azungu, omwe amabweretsa amphaka ndi nyama zina zomwe zimadya nyama ya parrot m'malo awa.
Ngakhale kuti mbalamezi sizinasinthidwe kuti zizikhala m'ndende, kwazaka zambiri anthu akhala akuyesa kuzisunga m'nyumba zawo. Mwachitsanzo, ku Europe, makamaka, ku Greece wakale kuchokera ku India, mbalamezi zidabweretsedwa koyamba ndi m'modzi wa akazitape otchedwa Onesikrit.
M'masiku amenewo ku India ankakhulupirira kuti parrot ayenera kukhala m'nyumba ya aliyense wolemekezeka. Mbalamezi zinatchuka nthawi yomweyo ndikukonda Agiriki, kenako olemera okhala ku Roma wakale adachita nawo chidwi.
Mtengo wa Kakapo Anapeza ndalama zochulukirapo, popeza aliyense wolemera amene amadziona kuti ndi udindo wake kukhala ndi mbalame yotereyi. Ufumu wa Roma utagwa, ma kakapos nawonso adasowa m'nyumba zaku Europe.
Nthawi yachiwiri kakapo adabwera ku Europe pamisonkhano yambiri. Komabe, mbalame nthawi zambiri zimafera panjira, choncho ndi oimira olemekezeka okha okha omwe angakwanitse kuzisunga panyumba.
Kusamalira kunyumba ndi kukonza
Popeza kuti kakapo amawerengedwa kuti ndi nyama yomwe ili pangozi, kugulitsa ndi kukonza kwawo ndizoletsedwa. Izi zikutsatiridwa kwambiri ndi oteteza zachilengedwe ku New Zealand. Pali zilango zazikulu zogulira ndi kugulitsa mbalamezi chifukwa zimaonedwa ngati mlandu. Kuti abwezeretse kuchuluka kwa mitunduyi, asayansi adayamba kusonkhanitsa mazira awo ndikuwayika m'malo osungira mwapadera.
Kumeneku kumayikidwa mazira ku nkhuku zazikoko, zomwe zimaswa. Popeza ma kakaposi samaswana mu ukapolo, njira yokhayo yowapulumutsira kutha ndi kuwasamutsira kumalo komwe sangawopsezedwe ndi adani. Padziko lonse lapansi pali mbalame yokhayo yamtunduwu yomwe imakhala ndi anthu - Sirocco. Popeza aswa anapiye sakanatha kuzolowera moyo wachilengedwe.
