Nthawi zambiri munthu amatenga chilengedwe ngati wogula. Ndipo m'zinyama zathu muli zolengedwa zotere zomwe timangodziwa kuchokera pakuwona kwakanthawi. Ndizochepa kukula, koma zothandiza komanso zokoma - izi ndi nkhanu. Timayitanitsa chakudya chodyera ndi nsomba mumalo odyera, timawagula tchuthi cha saladi, timadya modzipereka, koma tikudziwa zochepa za iwo.
Ndipo zolengedwa izi zimakhala ndi moyo wosangalatsa kwambiri, ndipo iliyonse ya izo ndi yapadera mwanjira yake. Mbiri yakudziwika kwawo idakhazikitsidwa kale. Ngakhale anthu akale amawerengedwa kuti ndi zakudya zokhala ndi nkhanu. Pali mabuku akale ophika a Agiriki akale, pomwe maphikidwe pokonzekera adalembedwa mwatsatanetsatane. Okha sanawaphike, koma amawotcha kapena kuwaphika.
Kodi mawu oti "shrimp" adachokera kuti? Mwina zidatibwera kuchokera ku Chifalansa kuchokera ku mawu oti "crevette". Kapena kuchokera ku mawu akale achi Russia a Pomor akuti "crooked et ka" - "zopindika ngati izi." Awa ndi ma crustaceans ang'onoang'ono omwe amapezeka m'madzi amchere komanso amchere.
Shrimps ndi chakudya chomwe amakonda osati anthu okha, komanso nyama zosiyanasiyana zam'madzi. Mwamwayi, ndizochulukirapo komanso zolimba kotero kuti sizikuchepa. Mitundu yoposa 100 imapezeka mdera la Russia, ku Far East komanso kunyanja zakumpoto. Mmodzi wa iwo - Nkhono za mchira. Ndi nkhanu yamadzi ozizira ya Okhotsk.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Heroine wathu ndi chakudya mumaikonda pollock ndi m'nyanja zikuluzikulu. Nyama yake ili ndi zinthu zambiri zopindulitsa ndi omega-3 acid. Ndipo mosiyana ndi ma crustacean ena, nkhonozi sizimadya zokha, koma zimangodya chakudya chatsopano. Nsomba zam'nyanja zimadziwa bwino kuti nyama yotereyi imakonda kwambiri. Pankhani yakupezeka kwa michere, ili patsogolo kwambiri pa nyama ya shrimp ya ku Mediterranean.
Njingayo amatchedwa chifukwa chakuti mchira uli pakona pathupi. Cephalothorax ndi yayifupi kwambiri kuposa pamimba. Akuwoneka wanzeru. Shirimpu wachichepere amakhala ndi pinki wonyezimira, wonyezimira, mikwingwirima yopyapyala yofiira yomwe ili pachipolopolocho.
M'madzi, monga nkhanu zambiri, imatha kusintha mtundu pang'ono, kuchoka pakhungu loyera pafupi ndi pansi mpaka kubiliwira pafupi ndi algae. Nthawi yomweyo, imakhalabe yopepuka. Uku ndikudzibisa kwambiri. Ndi msinkhu, amatha kukhala ndi mthunzi womwe umapindulitsa kwambiri malo ake, komanso utoto umapangidwa chifukwa cha chakudya chomwe amadya. Nthawi zambiri, imakhala imvi-yobiriwira.
Ngakhale amakhala decapod, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi miyendo yambiri. Magulu asanu a pachifuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito potulutsa, magulu atatu amutu amagwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza ndi kusaka, ndipo miyendo ingapo ya mchira ndi mchira womwewo ndi wosambira. Amuna amagwiritsira ntchito miyendo iwiri yamutu pakuswana.
Kukula kwa Angle Tailed Shrimp zimadalira msinkhu wake. Kwa chaka choyamba ndi theka, ali 4-5 masentimita, patatha chaka - 7.5 cm, ndipo zaka 3.5 - 8-9 masentimita.Pofika pano, kulemera kwake kumafika magalamu 8. Pali anthu kutalika kwa 10-11 cm.Mazira ake ndi akuda buluu.
Mbali yawo yodabwitsa kwambiri ndi kuthekera kwawo kusintha kugonana. Onse ndi obadwa amuna. Ndipo pambuyo pa zaka zitatu, ena a iwo amabadwanso kwatsopano kukhala akazi. Mitunduyi imatchedwa protandric hermaphrodites.
Shrimp-tailed shrimp pachithunzichi Ikhoza kuwonetsa mawonekedwe asanu ndi awiri. Awa ndi magawo angapo amakulidwe a mphutsi isanakhwime. Kukula, sikusintha kokha kugonana, komanso malo okhala, kukwera wosanjikiza mpaka pamwamba panyanja. Zowona, masana amayesetsa kukhala pafupi ndi pansi pa dziwe, kumakhala kotetezeka kumeneko.
Mitundu
Pali mitundu yoposa 2000 yama crustaceans awa. Zowonjezera, sizinafotokozeredwebe. Pokhala imodzi mwazinyama zosowa kwambiri padziko lapansi, zimasinthasintha momwe zimakhalira, zimatha kusintha kuchokera ku mtundu wina kupita ku wina (mtsinje mpaka kunyanja, komanso mosemphana ndi zina), ndipo amakhala olimba mtima.
Zonsezi ndi zazing'onozing'ono, nyama zolinganizidwa bwino. Shrimp kukula kwake kumakhala masentimita 2 mpaka 30. Thupi limapanikizika kuchokera mbali. Maso akutuluka pang'ono, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi tinyanga ndi zikhadabo. Amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akulu - madzi ozizira ndi madzi ofunda.
Pali madzi amchere ndi am'madzi, pansi ndi planktonic, osaya komanso akuya kunyanja. Mwa omaliza pali ambiri owala. Maonekedwe ake amaoneka ngati tizinyama ting'onoting'ono tambirimbiri, tating'ono tokha kukula, ndipo ali ndi mlomo wokhala ndi mano. Tiyeni tione mitundu yosangalatsa kwambiri:
1. Nsomba za Zualiszomwe zimatsanzira kusinthika. Amatenga mtundu womwewo. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri imawoneka kwa adani.
2. Alfeus shrimp amamenya nkhondo ndi adani munjira ina. Ali ndi claw wina wamkulu kuposa winayo. Pokhala pagulu, nyama zakutchire zimatulutsa chikwanje, chomwe chimathamangitsa alendo omwe sanaitanidwe kuchokera kwa iwo.
3. Nkhumba zakuda shrimp - chachikulu kwambiri kuposa zonse. Amakula mpaka masentimita 36 ndipo amalemera pafupifupi magalamu 650. Akazi ndi akulu kuposa amuna. Ndi nyama yabwino kwa anthu ndi zamoyo zam'madzi.
Ndi mawu ochepa onena za aquarium ndi zokometsera zokongoletsera. Obereketsa amalima mitundu yosiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi, ma crustaceans amatha kugwidwa kuposa nsomba. Chifukwa chake, mutha kugula munthu wokongola kwambiri pa aquarium yanu. Nthawi zambiri amasiyana mitundu.
Mwachitsanzo, pali shrimp yoyera - ngale yoyera komanso yoyera. Pali nkhanu za buluu - ngale ya buluu, nyalugwe wamtambo, wamiyendo yabuluu komanso wamtambo. Pali zobiriwira zobiriwira, zachikaso, zofiira.
Pali makadinala shrimp, dokotala, bumblebee, njuchi, panda, vinyo wofiira ndi ruby wofiira, bakha la chimandarini, lalanje, lamizeremizere komanso King Kong. Musanayambe chidwi chotero kunyumba, muyenera kuwerenga momwe mungawasamalire. Nthawi zambiri, malangizo onse amatengera kuwunika kutentha ndi kuyera kwa madzi.
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Shrimp ya mchira wa Angle amakhala m'madzi ozizira, amakhala makamaka mu Nyanja ya Okhotsk. Komabe, amatha kuwona m'madzi ena a Pacific Ocean, mwachitsanzo, mu Bering Sea. Mchira woyipa umakonda osati mchere wokha, komanso madzi amchere kwambiri. Pogwiritsa ntchito dziwe, limayendetsedwa ndi kutentha kwamadzi. Ngati madzi atenthedwa pamwamba pa zachilendo, amakhala pansi, pomwe kutentha kumakhala kosaposa madigiri 4.
Kuyenda ndikofunikira kwa iye. Amasankha mtsinje wofooka pafupi ndi pansi, kapena kunja kwa mtsinje wamphamvu akasaka. Kwa kupumula ndi mtendere, amabisala kumapeto pansi. Kusuntha kwa nkhanu zazing'ono kuyambira pansi mpaka kumbuyo kumakhala kotakataka kuposa achikulire.
Otsatirawa amatha kukhala pansi kwa masiku angapo, kenako nkuwuka masiku angapo. Sizikudziwika bwinobwino chifukwa chake izi zikuchitika. Nthawi ndi nthawi amakhetsa carapace yawo, yomwe yakhala yolimba, ndikumanga ina yokulirapo.
Zakudya zabwino
Nyama zotopetsa izi zimagwira ntchito mwadongosolo m'madzi am'nyanja. Shrimps zazing'ono zimakoka tizilombo, tubifex kapena nyongolotsi zamagazi kuchokera pansi; akuluakulu amadya zazing'onozing'ono zam'madzi.
Izi zimapatsa thupi lawo chitin chofunikira kuti alimbitse chipolopolocho. Kuphatikiza apo, atha kusankha chomera chokhala ndi masamba akulu ndikudutsa masamba ake, ndikuchotsa nkhono zakuthwa. Ndipo nderezi zimatha kukhala chakudya.
Kuti azindikire chakudya, nkhanu zimagwiritsa ntchito ziwalo za kununkhiza komanso kukhudza. Izi ndi tinyanga-tinyanga, tomwe timazindikira ndikuwunika nyama. Njira yopezera chakudya ndiyosangalatsa. Amathamanga pansi mosangalala, kenako amayamba kusambira mozungulira, pang'onopang'ono kukulitsa m'mimba mwake.
Potsirizira pake, amapeza chakudya ndipo amachipeza atadumpha kwambiri. Mwina njirayi ikusaka chifukwa cha kusawona bwino. "Chisa" cha nyanjayo chimakhala pansi panyanja, ndikuyembekeza mphamvu zina.
Zimachitika kuti nkhanu zanjala zambiri zimaukira nsomba zazing'ono. Koma nkhanu ya angular samadya zovunda monga mitundu ina ya nkhanu. Chizolowezi chodzikweza ichi chimamupangitsa nyama kukhala yamtengo wapatali komanso yokoma.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Monga tanenera kale, pofika zaka zitatu, shrimp imayamba kugawikana pakati pa akazi ndi amuna. Mawonekedwe, amasiyana kukula, wamkazi ndi wokulirapo pang'ono, ali ndi mchira wokulirapo ndi mbali zotukuka. Shrimp, wokonzeka kukwatira, amadziwikanso ndi kupezeka kwa mazira pansi pamimba.
Nthawi zina kulemera kwawo kumakhala gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kulemera kwa nkhanuyo. Mchira wachikazi umatulutsa ma pheromones apadera m'madzi, komwe ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yokhwima. Fungo lawo limakopa amuna. Nthawi zina pamakhala ndewu zachiwawa pakati pawo. Ndipo wopambana si bambo nthawi zonse.
Nthawi zambiri, uyu ndiye wotsutsa kwambiri. Mwaluso amira pamsana pake. Ngati sanamuthamangitse, amathira pansi pamimba pake "ndikupereka" umuna. Kulumikizana kumatenga pafupifupi masekondi 40.
Mazira achonde okwanira mazana masauzande angapo amakhala obiriwira wobiriwira. Pakukhala ndi pakati, mazira opanda kanthu amasungidwa, ndipo mazira amtsogolo amada. Ntchito yonse yakucha imatha milungu 4 mpaka 6, kutengera momwe madzi aliri, kutentha komanso mchere.
Akazi amaikira mazira ang'onoang'ono amdima amdima, omwe pang'onopang'ono amasintha kukhala mphutsi za shrimp. Kuti asinthe kukhala munthu wamkulu, ayenera kudutsa magawo ena 7. Magawo ena ali ndi mayina.
Mwachitsanzo, mbozi yaying'ono yotchedwa zoea, imatha kusambira kale, ili ndi cephalothorax, magawo am'mimba, koma miyendo yake sinapangebe. Satha kufunafuna yekha chakudya, koma amatha kugwira chakudya chomwe chimayandama.
Mphutsi zimakula msanga, nthawi zambiri zimakhala molt. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, amakhala ndi miyendo ya m'mutu ndi mchira. Pambuyo pake, wotchedwa misis, ziwalo za thoracic kapena m'mimba zimawonekera.
Pogonjetsa magawo am'mbuyomu, mphutsi zimalowa gawo lomaliza, lomwe limatchedwa decapodite. Kunja, amawoneka kale ngati wamkulu. Iyemwini amatha kupeza chakudya chake. Imapitilizabe kukula, nthawi ndi nthawi kukhetsa. Koma kusungunuka kumachitika pang'ono ndi pang'ono. Ndipo mawonekedwe sanasinthe.
Akamatha msinkhu, amakhala zaka 5-6. Koma nthawi zambiri amakhala nyama yolandidwa kapena nyama zam'madzi. Chiwerengero chochepa kwambiri cha anthu ali ndi mwayi wopulumuka kufikira atakula.
Mtengo
Mabizinesi aku Far East amalimbikitsa mwachangu nsomba za mchira ku msika waku Russia. Zimagulitsidwa zonse mwachilengedwe komanso zoyengedwa. Mtengo wamitengo yama angle zimasiyanasiyana 330 rubles / kg mpaka 500 rubles / kg. Zimatengera kulongedza ndi kukula kwa nkhono.
Amagulitsa nthawi zambiri atazizidwa kale, wokonzedwa mwachindunji pachombo chowedza. Nsombazi zimatchedwa "w / m". Mtundu wawo ndi wofiira pang'ono kapena lalanje. Sayenera kuphikidwa, koma kungochotsedwa.
Posankha nkhanu, yang'anani zolemba zina "80/100" kapena "70/90". Ziwerengerozi zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa nkhanu m'thumba lanu. Kudziwa kulemera kwa phukusili, ndikosavuta kumva ngati pali anthu akulu kapena ang'ono. Nthawi zina nkhanu zogulidwa zimakhala ndi chigoba chofewa kwambiri. Sizowopsa, adangotoleredwa atasungunuka.
Kugwira
Kuchuluka kwa ma crustaceans awa ndikodabwitsa. Kwa mphindi 15 za trawling, mutha kugwira ma toni 10 a nkhanu. Pali lingaliro la "kugwira pagulu", lofupikitsidwa ngati TAC. Pali malire pa nyama zomwe zikuphatikizidwa pamndandanda wa TAC. Shrimp yathu ndi nyama "yosayanjanitsika". Itha kuchotsedwa mulimonse. Izi zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa anthu.
Ndizofala kwambiri kuti ili ndi mayina angapo - Shrimp yakumpoto yakumpoto, Magadan, Okhotsk, madzi ozizira. Pali mayina ambiri, tanthauzo lake ndilofanana. Pambuyo pa 9 koloko madzulo, nkhanu zimakwera m'madzi, ndipo m'mawa zimamira mpaka pansi.
choncho kuwedza nsomba za shrimp zimachitika makamaka usiku. Kuthyola pansi, nkhanu zimakhala pachiwopsezo. Sizikudziwika bwinobwino chifukwa chake akukwera konseko ndipo ali pachiwopsezo chogwidwa. Mwina "akupumula" kuchokera kukakamizo kozama.
Mchira wa ngodya ndi mitundu yamalonda yamtengo wapatali chifukwa cha kukoma kwake komanso phindu lake. Zimakhala zokoma kuposa nkhanu m'malo otentha. Nyama yawo ndi "nkhokwe" yeniyeni yama microelements. Lili ndi ayodini wambiri, calcium, zinc, potaziyamu, selenium, mapuloteni, vitamini E ndi omega-3 acid.
Amalimbikitsidwa ngati chakudya chochepa cha kalori. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, amachotsa "cholesterol" choyipa mthupi, ndikuchilemeretsa "chabwino". Nkhanu ndi zabwino kwa odwala matenda ashuga, odwala mtima, ndi okalamba. Amatha kudyedwa ngakhale posala kudya chifukwa si nsomba kapena nyama.
Zosangalatsa
1. Nkhanu zimakhala ndi mtima, koma siziri pachifuwa, koma pamutu wa crustacean wodabwitsa.
2. Mazira awo amakhala olimba kwambiri. Amatha kupulumuka chilala. Akalowa m'madzi, amatsitsimuka msanga ndikuyamba kupsa.
3. Gulu limodzi la nkhanuzi limatulutsa phokoso lamphamvu lomwe "lingasokoneze" zida zapamadzi. Mwanjira imeneyi, ndi anansi oopsa.
4. Pamphepete mwa gombe la Japan nthawi zambiri mumatha kuwona chodabwitsa - madzi owala. Nsombazi, zomwe zimakwera pamwamba, zimakongoletsa nyanjayi ndi kunyezimira kwake.
5. Nyama ya Shrimp imathandizira kagayidwe kabwino ka endocrine, zomwe zimakhudza khungu, tsitsi ndi misomali. Ndibwino kuti odwala mtima ateteze kupwetekedwa ndi matenda oopsa, komanso anthu omwe akufuna kuonda. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi aphrodisiac, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndiunyamata.
6. Zinsomba ndizosavuta kukumba ndipo ziyenera kuphikidwa kwa mphindi zochepa. Kupanda kutero, nyama yawo imakhala yolimba komanso yolimba.
7. Shrimp iliyonse imakhala ndi ma chromosomes 90. Pomwe munthu ali ndi 46. Tsopano tandiwuzani, ndi uti wa ife amene ali wolinganiza zinthu kwambiri?
