Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Anthu ena amaganiza za akangaude ngati tizilombo, koma ayi. Ali mgulu la arachnids, kapena mwanjira ina - arachnids. Zamoyo zoterezi ndizambiri, zazikulu ndipo zili paliponse.
Nthawi zina amalimbikitsa mantha. Ndipo izi zili choncho ngakhale kuti akangaude ambiri sawopsa kwa anthu. Koma mantha awa ndiosavuta kuwamvetsetsa. Kungoti zolengedwa zachilengedwezi ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi ife anthu.
Zolengedwa zabwinozi zimakhala ndi miyendo isanu ndi itatu. Ndipo thupi lawo limapangidwa ndi ziwalo ziwiri zazikulu, zolumikizidwa pamodzi ndi "m'chiuno" chochepa. Kumbuyo kwa malowa kumatchedwa kuti pamimba, ndipo kutsogolo kwake kuli mutu komanso chifuwa nthawi imodzi.
Mbali yakutsogolo ili ndi chelicerae - njira ziwiri zokongoletsera zomwe zimawoneka ngati ma pincers, koma izi ndi nsagwada za miyendo eyiti, zomwe zili ndi poyizoni. Mu akangaude ena, amakhala ofanana.
Kwa ena, ma araneomorphic infraorder amalumikizana wina ndi mnzake mozungulira, ngati ma sabers awiri, okonzeka kuwoloka nthawi iliyonse. Ndipo izi zimalola eni ake kuukira nyama yayikulu poyerekeza ndi kukula kwawo, chifukwa nyama izi ndizoyipa kwambiri.
Oyimira Araneomorphic mkalasi amakhala ndi moyo wawufupi woyezedwa mwachilengedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, sizimasiyana mosiyanasiyana, monga, tarantula kapena tarantula. Ndipo ndi ma arachnid awa omwe sawoneka chifukwa chakuchepa kwawo kangaude wolumpha - ngwazi ya nkhani yathu.
Ikugwirizana kwathunthu ndi malongosoledwe omwe aperekedwa pamwambapa, omwe amafala kwa akangaude onse, ndikofunikira kungowonjezera pang'ono. Cephalothorax ya mahatchi, monga momwe ziyenera kukhalira m'zinthu zamtunduwu, ndimtundu umodzi.
Koma mutu ndi chifuwa ndizokhazikitsidwa ndi poyambira posaya podutsa. Kutsogolo kwake, malo amtengowo amakwezedwa kwambiri, mbali zake ndizotsetsereka, chifukwa chakumbuyo kwake kumawoneka mosalala.
Akavalo ali ndi zozizwitsa zowoneka bwino, zowoneka bwino komanso zochenjera pakuwona. Ali ndi maso asanu ndi atatu. Ndipo sikuti ziwalozi zimangokhala m'malo osiyanasiyana m'mizere itatu yozungulira mozungulira mutu, koma lirilonse liri ndi cholinga chake.
Mzere woyamba wakutsogolo umapangidwa ndimayendedwe anayi ozungulira, omwe pakati pake ndi akulu kwambiri, ndipo akunja kwake ndi ochepa, komanso amawonekera kwambiri. Maso awa amapatsa eni malingaliro amitundu ndi mawonekedwe azinthu zozungulira.
Potengera zovuta, zida zamagetsi izi ndizofanana ndi za anthu, ngakhale zambiri zomwe amapatsa sizingafanane ndi zathu. Maso awiri enawo amapezeka mbali zamkati mwa mutu, ndipo kumbuyo kwake kuli limodzi, maso omaliza omaliza. Zonsezi zimathandiza akangaude kuti ayang'ane padziko lonse lapansi.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti maso ochuluka a zolengedwa izi, omwe amakhala kutsogolo, mbali ndi kumbuyo, salinso opangidwa kuti azisilira kukongola kozungulira. Amapereka malo oyenda pansi, opangidwa kuti adziwe komwe angatenge nyama ndi mtunda wofunikira kuti akafikire.
Ndipo malowa ndi othandiza kwambiri kwa olusa amiyendo eyiti, omwe moyo wawo ndi nkhondo yopulumuka komanso kufunafuna kosatha anthu omwe akhudzidwa, motero pali zodabwitsa zambiri. Inde, ngakhale amawoneka ochepa, akavalo samangokhala ndi maso odabwitsa, komanso maluso ena ambiri ochititsa chidwi, omwe angatchulidwe kuti ndi amzimu.
Kuchokera m'kalasi la arachnids, zolengedwa izi zitha kuonedwa kuti ndizanzeru kwambiri, popeza kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa thupi ndi kuchuluka kwaubongo mwa iwo ndikofanana ndi kwa anthu. Koma, kumbali inayo, ndi kuti komwe anthu tingapikisane ndi anthu ochepa chonchi padziko lapansi!
Dziko lawo ndilovuta kwambiri, lazinthu zambiri komanso lodzaza ndi zochitika. Ndipo sitimamuzindikira kokha chifukwa ndi wocheperako ndipo tikucheperachepera pansi pa mapazi athu. Komabe, ngati chilengedwe chimatipatsa mphamvu ya nyerere, titha kunyamula ma skyscrapers.
Anthu akanakhala ndi luso lonjenjemera la chiwala, ankadutsa mitsinje ikuluikulu m'kuphethira kwa diso ndikukwera m'mitambo. Poyang'ana dzinalo, kangaude wolumpha amakhalanso ngwazi yolumpha. Ndipo izi ndi zoona, ndipo kuthekera kowonjezera kwa masomphenya kumawathandiza kuti adziwe kulumpha kwawo.
Mitundu
Arachnids pakati pa nyama zakutchire amadziwika kuti ndi yakale kwambiri. Mwa iwo, kangaude amadziwika kuti ndiwotchuka kwambiri komanso ambiri. Ndipo banja la akangaude a banja limodzi lokha lili ndi pafupifupi khumi ndi awiri.
Amagawidwa m'magulu mazana asanu ndi limodzi. Mitundu ya akangaude olumpha Amadziwikanso ndi kutchuka kwawo, ndipo oimira awo amakhala mbali zambiri, ali ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, magawo ndi mawonekedwe. Malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa, pali mitundu pafupifupi 5800 ya zolengedwa zotere.
Tiyeni tiwonetse ena odziwika kwambiri komanso wamba.
1. Motley adakwera (wamba) - cholengedwa chaching'ono chotalika pafupifupi 6 mm. Mitundu ya nyama zotere ndiyosiyanasiyana, makamaka yakuda ndi yoyera. Thupi lawo lonse limakutidwa ndi tsitsi - awa ndi mphamvu ndi kununkhiza, koma makamaka zotupa. Ponena za masomphenya, adakonzedwa bwino, monga nthumwi zonse za banja ili.
Maso a mahatchi oterewa ndi akulu kukula, koma maso awiri akutsogolo ndi akulu kwambiri ndipo amapanga chithunzi chofananira. Maso ena amawongolera lakuthwa, pomwe ena amawona kuyenda. Akangaude awa amapezeka ku Northern Hemisphere ndipo nthawi zambiri amapezeka pafupi ndi komwe anthu amakhala.
2. Kangaude wodumpha wagolide ndiwodziwika bwino pakati pa obadwa nawo chifukwa cha utoto wake wowala, wonyezimira wofiirira ndi golide, kuposa zolengedwa izi zomwe zimafanana ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali. Munthu atha kukhala ndi zokwanira kusilira kukongola koteroko, ngati tikadatha kuwona zonsezi.
Koma izi ndizovuta, chifukwa kukula kwa amuna okongola kumangokhala pafupifupi 4 mm kapena kupitirirapo. Ana amakhala ku Thailand ndi madera ena akumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia. Ndipo ngakhale ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, akangaude amaonedwa kuti ndi osaka bwino komanso aluso kwambiri.
Akavalo, okhala ndi luso lachilengedwe loyendetsera kuthamanga kwa magazi mwakufuna kwawo, amasintha kukula kwa miyendo yawo, ndikuwonjezera kwambiri kotero kuti amatha kudumpha pambuyo pa nyama zazitali patali poyerekeza ndi magawo awo. Kulumpha kwa kavalo wagolide kumapeto kungakhale pafupifupi theka la mita.
3. Himalayan steedNgakhale ndi yaying'ono (yochepera mamilimita 5) kukula kwake, ndi nyama yolemera kwambiri yamtundu wake, chifukwa idakhazikika kuti ikakhale kumapiri a Himalaya. Amakhala komwe kulibe mitundu yamoyo yofanana ndi iye.
Chifukwa chake amayenera kudyetsa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala tomwe timakhala tambiri, makamaka timadzi timene timatuluka komanso ntchentche, zomwe mwangozi zimanyamulidwira kumtunda ndi mphepo yamphamvu. Opulumuka awa amabwera mu zoyera ndi zakuda mitundu.
Chitin wawo, ndiye kuti, chipolopolo cholimba, cholimba chomwe chimaphimba ndikuteteza thupi la akangaude, nthawi zambiri nyama zotere zimakhala ndi bulauni lakuda, ndipo tsitsi limayera. Olimba mtima okwera kwambiri amakhala ndi shaggy, nthawi zina miyendo yolimbikira lalanje.
4. Kangaude wobiriwira wolumpha - wokhala ku Australia wakutali, wopezeka m'maiko ake ndi zilumba zomwe zili pafupi ndi mainland, ndi wokongola mwanjira yake ndipo amafanana ndi lollipop wobiriwira, nthawi zina wachikasu wokhala ndi miyendo. Amuna amasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yowala kwambiri, amadziwika ndi mavinidwe awo.
Akangaude oterewa ndi akulu poyerekeza ndi achibale ambiri, koma kwenikweni makanda amakhala ochepa sentimita imodzi. Male chelicerae, monga gawo la nkhope, amakhala ndi mthunzi wosiyana ndi ziwalo zina za thupi, makamaka zofiirira ndi zoyera, zomwe zimafanana ndi zotupa zam'mbali.
5. Nyerere mbozi - wokhala m'malo otentha, omwe amapezeka ku Africa ndi Australia, komanso m'nkhalango yaku Asia. Ndiwotchuka chifukwa cha dzina lake, kunja kofanana kwambiri ndi nyerere, momwe mawonekedwe ake, malinga ndi chifuniro cha chilengedwe, amayenera kutsanzira.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti nyerere kumadera otentha ndizankhanza modabwitsa komanso zimaluma, chifukwa chake aliyense amawopa. Ndipo kutsanzira kotereku kumakhala kosavuta komanso kothandiza kupulumuka. Mitundu ya zolengedwa izi ndi yosiyana, kuyambira wakuda mpaka mchenga. Mwa njira, pali mitundu ya mahatchi omwe amatengera zinkhanira zabodza ndi kafadala ena kutengera mawonekedwe ake akunja.
6. Kangaude Wobwezeretsanso - Uyu ndi nthumwi yaying'ono yazinyama ku North America, komabe, pakati pa akavalo amadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazikulu kwambiri. M'dziko lakwawo, amatha kupezeka m'nkhalango za oak komanso milu ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Akangaude amenewa amakonda malo ouma, komwe amabisala pansi pa mitengo ndi miyala, nthawi zambiri amayang'ana m'minda yamphesa.
Zilombozi ndizodziwika bwino kuti zimatha kupanga zisa za silika, zomwe zimapezeka pamipesa komanso pansi pamiyala. Mitundu ya akangaude imakhala yakuda kwambiri, ndipo thupi limakongoletsedwa ndi ubweya wowala, makamaka wandiweyani pamiyendo.
Koma kumbuyo kwa miyendo eyiti, monga dzina limanenera, ndi kofiira kwenikweni. Itha kukhala yodziwikiratu, kapena itha kukhala ndi malo ofiira okhaokha ophatikizidwa ndi malo amdima ndi madontho oyera.
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Mitundu ya nyama zomwe zafotokozedwazo ndi yayikulu kwambiri, ndipo kupezeka kwawo kunawapangitsa kukhala otchuka padziko lonse lapansi. Mahatchi osiyanasiyana akunja amadalira malo amene amakhala. Mitundu yambiri yamtundu ndi yosangalatsa kwambiri imapezeka kumadera otentha.
Koma akavalo adazolowera kukhala m'malo osiyanasiyana apadziko lapansi ndipo akhazikika m'malo ambiri apadziko lapansi. Amakhalapo m'nkhalango, mapiri, ngakhale zipululu, komwe amakhala miyoyo yawo pamitengo, zomera, udzu, miyala, nthaka ndi mchenga.
Zamoyo zoterezi zimapezekanso m'malo otentha. Pokhala otentha kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amadziwika ndi anthu panthawi yomwe amatuluka m'malo awo obisalapo ndikudziphatika pamakoma a nyumba ndi malo ena owala bwino, ofunda kuti ayatse mbali zawo dzuwa la m'mawa asanapite kukasaka nyama.
Nthawi zina, ndi dzina lenileni, munthu amatha kuweruza malo okhala akalulu ngati amenewa. Chitsanzo cha izi ndi kavalo wa hawthorn... Zamoyo zotere nthawi zambiri zimakumana ndi maso amunthu, atakhala pamtengo ndi maluwa a shrub omwe atchulidwa m'dzina.
Ngakhale sizovuta kuzizindikira, chifukwa mtundu wawo umawalola kuphatikizika kwathunthu ndi chilengedwe chomwe apatsidwa. Thupi la akangaude palokha limakhala lofanana pamthunzi ndi mitengo ikuluikulu ndi nthambi, ndipo madera a lalanje a miyendo amagwirizana ndi zipatso za hawthorn. Akavalo otere amakhala pagombe la Black Sea komanso m'malo ena okhala ndi nyengo yofananira.
Zinyama zazing'ono sizikusowa kukhala ndi mtundu wawo, zimakhala zosungulumwa. Masana, akangaude amakhala otanganidwa kwambiri ndi kusaka, ndipo usiku amathamangira kukabisala m'ming'alu ya miyala, mitengo, nyumba. Anthu amiyendo eyiti awa amabisala kumeneko m'masiku azanyengo poyembekezera nyengo yabwino ndi kutentha.
Chikopa chovekedwa chokha kuchokera ku ukonde wa kangaude chimakhala kama. Amakhalanso ndi nthawi yachisanu m'malo otetezeka, komwe amangochoka pakangofika kasupe. Akangaude awa ndi olimba mtima kwambiri ndipo samathawa akawona mdani wamphamvu.
Amawukira ndikuukira nthawi zambiri. Poona kupupuluma kwawo, wina sangachitire mwina koma kusirira kuthekera kwachilengedwe kwa zolengedwa izi. Amayenda kwambiri, amathamanga kwambiri, ndipo zikhadabo zawo zimawathandiza kuti azigwira mosavuta ndikukwera pamalo osalala owongoka.
Akasaka, saluka ukonde ngati abale ena amiyendo eyiti. Amagwiritsa ntchito ulusi wawo wa silika ngati khoka lachitetezo kwinaku akudumphadumpha modabwitsa, kutalika kupitirira magawo ake osachepera makumi awiri, kapena kupitilira apo.
Zakudya zabwino
Steed Ndicho chifukwa chake amatchulidwa mwanjira yoti, atayitsatira, imadumphira kunja kwa nyama, ndiyeno nkuidya. Choyamba, ndikuwona mozungulira ndi kumbuyo, amatenga mayendedwe osafunikira kwambiri omuzungulira. Ndipo pofotokozera wovutikayo, molondola osadziwika, amatsimikiza kutalika kwa njirayo.
Ndiyeno, atasankha mphindi yoyenera, amaponyera chingwe cha chitetezo pamalo pomwe amafikira, amalumpha liwiro la mphezi, nthawi zina amatenga nyama mlengalenga ndimikono yake yakutsogolo, amaluma ndi chelicera ndikubaya poyizoni. Choyambacho, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera, chimasungunula chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa, ndikusandutsa chinthu chamadzi, chomwe kangaude chimamwa mosangalala.
Amakonda kudya tizilombo. Ndipo apa samakonda kwambiri, amadya chilichonse chomwe chingachitike, pokhapokha ngati wovulalayo ndi wamkulu kwambiri. Amakhala oyenera kafadala, akangaude ena, udzudzu komanso ntchentche, komanso nyama zina zazing'ono.
Koma pali mitundu ina yomwe imatha kusankha ngakhale abuluzi kapena achule ngati akuvutika. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti nthumwi za mitunduyi ndizazikulu kwambiri, ndikuti chilengedwe chimapatsa ana kulimba mtima kokwanira, kulimba mtima, chidwi chakusaka komanso luso lapamwamba.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Amuna ochokera ku kangaude nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako kuposa "azimayi" amiyendo eyiti. Lamuloli limakhudzanso akavalo. Amachita nawo kubereka koyambirira kokha, kenako theka lachikazi limanyamula baton mu mitundu yobereketsa.
Amuna amakhala ndikulanda gawo lawo, komwe amathamangitsa azibambo awo ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, koma osati motsutsana ndi gulu la azimayi. Pakati pa nyengo yokhwima, yomwe imapitilizabe kumadera otentha kwa miyezi inayi yotentha kwambiri pachaka, komanso m'maiko otentha - pafupifupi chaka chonse, akangaude amitundu yonse amakopa osankhidwa awo ndi magule oyambira.
Osewera, akuwona mayimbidwe ena, amalumpha ndikudzimenya ndi zikoko zakumaso kangapo. Nthawi yomweyo, amanjenjemera ndi thupi lawo lonse, ndikutembenutsanso miyendo yawo pafupipafupi.
Akuyang'ana mwakhama anthu okwatirana mwakuti nthawi zambiri amakhala okonzeka kubwereza magule oterewa ngakhale atawona mawonekedwe awo, mwachidziwikire akulakwitsa ndi kangaude wina. Komanso, posamalira "azimayi", amuna amayesetsa kuwadyetsa nkhomaliro yokoma. Koma atakwatirana, ntchito zawo zimatha. Ndipo amayi osamala amayamba bizinesi.
Zazikazi zimapanga zisa ndi ukonde wa kangaude wa silika, zomwe zimaziika m'malo abata odalirika. Atapanga zowalamulira, amazitsatira, koma pokhapokha mahatchi ang'onoang'ono atatuluka. Mitundu ina siyimapanga zisa, koma imangobisa mazira awo pansi pamiyala, masamba omwe agwa kapena makungwa amitengo, zomwe zimachepetsa malo okhala ndi kangaude.
Mahatchi achichepere amabadwa otheka kotero kuti amatha kudzidyetsa okha, ndipo kuyambira masiku oyamba amakhala ndi chidwi chofuna kusaka. Amakula pakamachitika molts nthawi ndi nthawi, ndipo kumapeto kwa angapo amafika pokhala achikulire. Mu chithunzi cha kavalo-kangaude mutha kuwona momwe zolengedwa izi zimawonekera. Amakhala ndi moyo pafupifupi chaka chimodzi chokha.
Pindulani ndi kuvulaza
M'dziko lawo, ndi ankhanza, owopsa, olimba mtima komanso ozunza anzawo mwankhanza. Koma chilengedwe chimakonzedwa kotero kuti kuwonongeka kwa mitundu ina ya zamoyo kumakhala kosalephera kukhala phindu kwa ena.
Mwa kusaka tizilombo ndipo, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwawo, kuwapha ambiri, akavalo amapereka ntchito yofunika kwambiri kwa mitundu yambiri yazomera zakutchire ndi yolimidwa, motero amateteza nkhalango ndi minda.
Kuwononga ntchentche, udzudzu ndi tiziromboti tina toyamwa magazi, akangaude olimba mtimawa amayang'anira kuchuluka kwawo, motero amakhala othandiza kwa nyama zambiri zamagazi, kuphatikiza anthu.
Chifukwa chake, akavalo amatenga gawo lawo lofunikira pantchito yachilengedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, iwo amakhala chakudya cha nyama zazing'ono, abuluzi, mavu ndi zamoyo zina, kubwezeretsa chilengedwe.
Zilombozi ndizomwe zimayandikira anthu pafupipafupi, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri zimalowa m'nyumba, zomwe sizosangalatsa nthawi zonse. Koma zikadakhala zabwino kuti anthu aganize kuti phindu la akangaude oterewa chifukwa cha chilengedwe limaposa kuwonongeka kwawo. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti makolo athu ankawona kupezeka kwa nyama zazing'onozi m'nyumba zawo ngati zamatsenga, kulonjeza kutukuka ndi mwayi.
Nthawi zambiri mantha osalamulirika, phobias, amabwera mwa anthu okhudzana ndi miyendo eyiti potengera tsankho komanso zopeka, osati zowopsa zenizeni. Akangaude akudumpha ndi owopsa kapena ayi?
Mosakayikira, sangathe kuvulaza munthu, choncho palibe chifukwa choopera. Zowonadi, zolengedwa zotere zili ndi poizoni, koma sizimatha kuluma kudzera pakhungu la nyama zazikulu, komanso, ndizochepa kwambiri kuti milingo yake isakhale yogwirika kwa ife.
Zosangalatsa
M'nkhani yokhudza zolengedwa izi, zambiri zosangalatsa za iwo zatchulidwa kale. Ndipo sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa moyo wawo ndiwachilendo kwambiri. Koma tiwonjezera zina zambiri pamwambapa.
- Kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi m'miyendo mwawo, kukulitsa ndikuwonjezera iwo pakulumpha kwakukulu, akavalo amathandizidwa ndi makina apadera amadzimadzi omwe amakula bwino mkati mwa zamoyo zawo. Njira yovutirayi ndiyo chifukwa chachikulu chodumphira modabwitsa.
- Ziwalo zochititsa chidwi za kangaude wotere, ngakhale amawathandiza kuwona dziko lonse lapansi, koma chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a diso, samazindikira zobiriwira bwino, kuwawona akusokonekera. Koma izi sizosokoneza konse, chifukwa malo amenewo amathandiza zolengedwa zamiyendo eyiti, kunyalanyaza masamba obiriwira, kuti azitha kuyang'ana pazomwe amasaka, kuti adziwe momwe akuponyera.
- Mwa mitundu ikuluikulu yamitundu yamahatchi odyetsa, pali zamasamba, mwa njira, nthumwi yokhayo yokhayokha ya fuko lonse la akalulu ambiri. Ichi ndi kangaude wamtundu wa Bagheera Kipling. Zamoyo zoterezi zimakhala ku Central America, zimakhala ndi mthethe ndi kudya matupi a iwo - kukula kwa masamba.
Kwawonedwa kuti ndi maso awo ochulukirapo, akavalo amasamala kwambiri anthu. Sizingatheke kuti izi zimalumikizidwa ndi chikhumbo chofuna kuukira kapena kuwopsa. M'malo mwake, ndikungofuna kudziwa, kotero kuti zolengedwa zazing'ono zimaphunzira za munthu, amatiwona.
Anthu amakhalanso ndi chidwi nawo, chifukwa chake oimira mitundu ina nthawi zambiri amakhala ziweto. Makamaka oyenera izi kangaude wodumpha... Ndi yayikulu kwambiri pakati pa abale ake aang'ono ndipo imafika mpaka mainchesi mpaka 1.5. Ziweto zachilendozi zimasungidwa m'matope ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoseketsa komanso zokongola.
