Wigi wapamwamba (Anas sibilatrix), wig waku Chile kapena Chigi wig ndi wa banja la bakha, dongosolo la anseriformes. Iye ndi wa bakha achibadwidwe akum'mwera kwa South America. Dzinalo lidapangidwa kuchokera ku dzina la chilumba cha Chiloe, chomwe chili kumwera kwa Chile.
M'madera achilengedwe, mfiti wapamwamba amatchedwa "piebald bakha" kapena "bakha wachifumu". Palinso dzina lina lotchulidwira wiggler wapamwamba - kulira kapena kulira mluzu, mawonekedwe ake amagwirizanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe a kulira kwa mbalameyo.
Mverani mawu a mfiti wapamwamba.
Zizindikiro zakunja kwa wviyazi wapamwamba.
Wamatsenga wapamwamba amakhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 43 - 54. Mapiko ake amafikira masentimita 75 - 86. Kulemera - 828 - 939 magalamu. Mosiyana ndi ena ogundana, amuna ndi akazi amtundu uwu wa abakha ali ofanana mofanana. Sviyaz wapamwamba ali ndi mtundu wokongola wa nthenga. Mutuwo umasiyanitsidwa ndi nsonga zakutsogolo monga mawonekedwe apadera owoneka bwino kwambiri, okhala ndi utoto wobiriwira wabuluu pamdima wokhala ndi masaya oyera ndi kutsogolo.
Nthenga zozungulira maso zimakhala ndi mzere wolunjika. Malo oyera ali pafupi kuzungulira khutu.
Khosi ndi mutu wamutu wakuda. Chifuwacho ndi choyera-chakuda, chopindika bwino. Nthenga za mapiko ndi kumbuyo ndizoyera - zakuda ndikuda kokhala ndi oblong wakuda. Mbali zoyera zoyera zomwe mitundu yofiira dzimbiri zimawoneka. Mtundu wofiyira ukhozanso kupezeka pa ntchafu ndi pansi pa mchira. Mchirawo ndi wakuda, wokhala ndi zigamba zoyera ndimadontho ang'onoang'ono osowa kwenikweni. Mlomo ndi wotuwa-buluu, dera la mphuno ndi nsonga ndikuda. Iris wamaso ndi oderapo. Miyendo imvi.
Amuna amatha kusiyanitsidwa pakati pa akazi ndi kukula kwawo kwakukulu komanso malaya owala pang'ono. Mtundu wobiriwira wa nthenga pamutu umadziwika kwambiri mwa amuna. Abakha amtunduwu amatha kuzindikirika pothawa ndimalo oyera oyera, ofanana ndi kakhilisimasi, amapezeka pamapiko ndipo amadziwika bwino mwa amuna. Abakha achichepere amafanana ndi nthenga za mbalame zazikulu, koma zotumphukira zomwe zimakhala pambali zimachepa kapena kulibe.
Kufalitsa wviyazi wapamwamba.
Mfiti yapamwamba imapezeka kumwera kwa South America. Amakhala ku Uruguay, Argentina, Chile. Zimaswana ku Zilumba za Falkland. Mbalame zina zimakafika kuzilumba za South Orkney, zilumba za South Shetland komanso m'malire a kumwera kwa Antarctic. Ena mwa anyani okongola amapita ku South Georgia. M'nyengo yozizira, amasamukira kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Brazil.
Malo okhala sviyazi ndiabwino.
Sviyaz wapamwamba amakonda kukhala pamadontho amadzi abwino. Zimapezeka kunyanja, madambo. Amakhala mumitsinje yomwe imayenda pang'onopang'ono.
Kuswana wviyazi wapamwamba.
Nthawi yobereketsa yazovala zapamwamba imakhala mu Ogasiti - Disembala. Uwu ndi mtundu wa abakha okhaokha. Khalidwe laukwati limadziwika ndikubweza mutu ndikumveka.
Mbalame zonsezo zimasambira m'madzi motsatizana, ndipo champhongo nthawi zonse chimatembenuzira mutu wake kumka chachikazi, pamene chimasambira kutsogolo. Magulu awiriwa amapangidwa kale mgulu la ziweto, lomwe nthawi zina limakhala ndi anthu 100.
Malo obisalira ndi ochepa. Mabanja apamwamba ali ndi ubale wolimba kwambiri kuposa mabanja onse.
Abakha chisa awiriawiri kapena m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Mkazi amasankha malo obisalira pakati paudzu wamtali kapena pafupi ndi tchire patali pang'ono ndi madzi. Chisa chimabisika ndi zomera zowirira. Pali mazira 6-10 oyera kapena kirimu mu clutch. Yamphongo siimathandiza kuti ikuthandizira makulitsidwe, koma imakhala pafupi, kuteteza yaikazi pa chisa. Makulitsidwe amatenga masiku 24-26. Anapiye okutidwa ndi bulauni yakuda pansi ndi mawanga achikasu pamwamba, thupi lawo lakumunsi ndilachikasu, mutu ndi mthunzi wokongola wofiira ndi mzere woyera kumbuyo. Mizere yopyapyala imawoneka pafupi ndi maso. Anapiyewo akayamba kuoneka, yaimuna imabwerera ndipo imathandiza kuyendetsa anawo. Kenako imasiya banjali kwakanthawi. Mbalame zazikulu zimasamalira anawo, nthawi zina yamphongoyo imatsagana ndi anapiye okha. M'madera ena, maanja amatha kuswa ana ena. Wiggles wapamwamba amaswana ali ndi chaka chimodzi ndikupanga awiriawiri kwa nthawi yayitali.
Chakudyacho ndichabwino.
Atambwali apamwamba amadya kuchokera pamwamba pamadzi, akumiza mitu yawo m'madzi kufunafuna nyama. Abakha amadya makamaka zakudya zamasamba, kuphatikiza mbewu ndi ma sedges. Amadyetsa mbewu ndi magawo obiriwira a zomera. M'chilimwe, amadya nyongolotsi, mphutsi za tizilombo ndi nsomba zazing'ono. Wiggles wokongola samangolowera m'madzi, koma amadyetsa m'mbali mwa madamu obiriwira.
Mkhalidwe wosungira wviyazi wapamwamba.
Ma wigi apamwamba ali ndi chiwonetsero chachikulu kwambiri. Kuwerengera kwa mbalame kunawonetsa kuti pafupifupi abakha 19,000 amakhala ku Argentina kokha. Chiwerengero chonse cha mbalame chikuyerekeza miliyoni. Kuchuluka kwawo sikuli pafupi kwenikweni ndi zamoyo zomwe zitha kusatetezeka, ndipo mwazinthu zingapo, oyendetsa wapamwamba sanganene kuti ndi gulu losowa. Chiwerengero cha mbalame chimakhalabe chokhazikika, ndipo kuchepa kwakukulu kwa anthu sikungachitike mtsogolo, ngakhale kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe kumachitika m'malo okhala. Pazifukwa izi, IUCN imayesa wiggler wokongola ngati mitundu yosavomerezeka.
Kusunga mfiti wokongola pomangidwa.
Sviyaz ndi bakha wokongola kwambiri komanso mbalame zodziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi. Ziphuphu zapamwamba zimayikidwa muzipinda zakunja nthawi yotentha. Bakha wina amakhala ndi malo pafupifupi 4 mita mita. mamita.
M'nyengo yozizira, ma wiggles amapititsidwa kunyumba yankhuku. Pamasiku opanda mphepo komanso dzuwa, amaloledwa kupita kokayenda. Koma kugwa, panthawi yothamanga, abakha amatha kuwuluka, chifukwa chake chipinda choyenda chimakutidwa ndi ukonde.
M'nyumba yankhuku m'nyengo yozizira, ma wiggles apamwamba amatetezedwa ku mphepo ndi mvula. Kutalika kwa corral ndi 0.7 - 1.0 mita, pa mbalame iliyonse pali 1 sq. mita yazipinda.
Bakha amawombera nthawi yayitali ngati ali ndi nthenga zabwino komanso chakudya chamagulu. Ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira, ndikofunikira kukhalabe ndi dzenje lokwanira kupukutira zapamwamba mumadzi posungira. Kuti madzi asazizidwe, gwiritsani ntchito kompresa. Ngati madzi amasakanikirana nthawi zonse, sipadzakhala madzi oundana. Udzu wofewa umayikidwa pakona yotentha ya nyumba yogona. Wiggles apamwamba amadyetsedwa ndi tirigu, chimanga, balere. Amapereka mapira, oatmeal, amawonjezera soya ndi mpendadzuwa chakudya, chimanga ku chakudya. Onjezani ufa wa nyama ndi nsomba, choko, zipolopolo za mollusks, amadyera amadyetsa: plantain, dandelion, masamba a saladi. Zakudya zapamwamba zonyowa za wviyazi zochokera ku chinangwa, kaloti wa grated, mapira osiyanasiyana. Pakasungunuka, zakudya zamapuloteni zimawonjezeka ndipo nyama kapena nsomba ndi nyama yosungunuka zimasakanikirana. Zimaganiziridwa kuti kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni osakongola sikudutsa magawo khumi ndi asanu ndi atatu. Kuperewera kwa zakudya zowutsa mudyo komanso kuchuluka kwa zakudya zamapuloteni kumatha kudzetsa uric acid diathesis. Kuchuluka kwa chakudya kumayambira 6 mpaka 8%.
Zovala zapamwamba zimatha kusungidwa mnyumba ndi abakha ena. Amaswana mu ukapolo ndikuswana. Zisa zopangira zimayikidwa kuti ziswane anapiye. Mu ukapolo, ma wiggles apamwamba amakhala zaka 30.
