Kivsaki - Ndola Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe sapezeka mlengalenga timapezeka m'malo ambiri padziko lapansi. Palinso ma subspecies omwe amakhala ndi kusiyanasiyana kwama voliyumu ndi mithunzi ya thupi. Kutalika kwawo nthawi zambiri kumafika masentimita makumi atatu, koma mwachilengedwe palinso anthu ochepa.
Nthawi zambiri iwo (mwachitsanzo, Crimeaan kivsyaki) zimawonedwa m'nkhalango, m'malo momwe muli bowa wambiri, zipatso, nthambi, maluwa, masamba akugwa, ndi zina zotero. Amatha kuwoneka kulikonse, kupatula m'malo omwe kumazizira koopsa, mwachitsanzo ku Antarctica. Ma diplopods ofiira amadziwika ndi nkhalango komanso nkhalango za oak zakumwera. Kivsyaki pachithunzichi zimawoneka zowopsa kwambiri, koma anthu ena amakhala nazo zolengedwa izi ndipo amazitcha zomwe amakonda.
Mitundu
Gis kivsyak Ndi imodzi mwazinthu zosangalatsa kwambiri. Chiwerengero cha miyendo yawo chimafika zidutswa mazana asanu ndi awiri. Amawoneka ngati nyongolotsi yaikulu. Malo okhala Africa ndi malo omwe kuli mitundu yambiri yazinthu izi.
Mutu wa diplopod uli ndi tinyanga tating'onoting'ono, magawo ake, ndi ziwalo zowoneka bwino. Centipede palokha ndi thupi limodzi, lotetezedwa ndi "zida" zamphamvu, zomwe ndizovuta kukhudza (izi zimathandizanso kuti tizilombo tipewe kuwonongeka). Zithunzi zimakhala zachikasu, zofiirira.
Mwachilengedwe, palinso anthu omwe ali ndi "zida" zakuda kwambiri komanso ngakhale "mawonekedwe" osangalatsa. African kivsyak ili ndi utoto wofiira, wachikasu komanso wabuluu. Mtundu uwu ndi waukulu kwambiri, wochokera ku East Africa. Akazi ndi ocheperako pang'ono kuposa amuna. Kutalika kwawo kumawonjezeka ndi 0,5 decimeters pachaka. Khalani wodekha, wosachita ndewu.
Centipedes ali ndi mitundu ina ya "zida", mwachitsanzo, kisyaka olive... Thupi lake limanyezimira ndi mdima (kuphatikiza wobiriwira ndi imvi) mithunzi. Magawo afotokozedwa bwino. Amakhala kumwera kwa Africa. Mazirawo amayikidwa mulu wa ndowe. Kumtchire, amakhala zaka 7, ali mndende, chiwerengerochi chitha kuwonjezeka kangapo. Mopanda manyazi kuposa ena onse, motero, imatulutsa madzi onunkhira pafupipafupi.
Utawaleza kivsyak ali ndi dzina losangalatsa pazifukwa. Amadziwika ndi zipolopolo zakuda komanso zakuda, mzere wofiira uli pathupi. Kutalika kwa tizilombo kumakhala mpaka masentimita khumi ndi awiri. Mitunduyi imapezeka ku Thailand, Vietnam. Amadyetsa masamba akugwa, amakhala mwa iwo. Ikakhala ndi njala, imaluma.
Moyo
Chilengedwe millipede kivsyak m'chilengedwe mulinso zamoyo zosiyanasiyana. Moyo wake wonse umachitikira pansi m'nkhalango, pansi amatulutsa njira. Chowonadi chakuti kivsak ili ndi miyendo yambiri sikuti nthawi zonse imatha kumuthandiza kupewa chiwopsezo cha chilombo chowopsa, chifukwa akuchedwa kwambiri.
Mwachilengedwe, mutha kumvetsetsa kuti ndiwosokonekera. Ndipo ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti alibe otsutsa owopsa m'chilengedwe. Zamoyo zokha zomwe zimawavutitsa ndi nthata za tiziromboti. Pofuna kuteteza ndi kuopseza nyama zolusa, zimatulutsa kafungo kakang'ono ndipo zimadzikulunga mu mpira wolimba. Nthawi yomwe ndimakonda ndikudziika m'manda ndikuchedwa dzanzi.
Fungo lomwe limatulutsidwa ndi ma centipedes limathandiza osati iwo okha, komanso nyama zina. Monga umboni, titha kunena za lemur, yomwe, ngozi ikafika, imawopseza kivsyak ndikupaka thupi lake ndi zotulutsa zake zonunkhira. Chifukwa chake amatha kuthawa otsutsa.
Ambiri ali ndi malingaliro akuti momwe kivsyak yonyansa imanunkhira mwachindunji zimatengera mtundu wake. Mwachitsanzo, ma diplopod oyera amanunkhira mosasangalatsa kwenikweni. Komabe, izi siziletsa anthu omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi zinthu zosowa, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chidwi chobzala kivsiak kunyumba.
Komabe, ochita masewera amakonda kusunga kivsaki waku Africa, wofanana ndi njoka wamba, kupatula ndimiyendo yambiri. Bokosi kapena zina zotere, komwe azikhalamo, ziyenera kukhala zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki kapena magalasi. Amasamalira modzichepetsa. Zomwe zili ndi kivsyaks ali ndi zovuta zingapo.
Chofunika kwambiri ndikuwopa mopitirira muyeso, chifukwa chake ziphuphu zimadzipukuta mu mphete yolimba ndikutulutsa fungo loipa. Tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito magolovesi musanagwire ma centipedes. Kupatula apo, amasula zovala mosavuta. Ndi amtendere kwambiri, odekha, koma osalankhulana. Mtengo wa kivsyak umodzi umafika pafupifupi ma ruble mazana asanu ndi limodzi.
Zakudya zabwino
Kivsyakov nthawi zambiri amatchedwa osusuka, chifukwa mumwezi umodzi amatenga ndowa ya chakudya. Zakudya zawo zimakhala ndi bowa, mphukira zowola, khungwa, ndi zina zambiri. Komabe, mukamasamalira centipede m'nyumba, simuyenera kuda nkhawa kuti izidya bwanji, chifukwa ndizopatsa chidwi. Amadya zonse zopangidwa ndi nyama ndi mkaka (kanyumba tchizi). Anthu ena amadyetsa ziweto zawo zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi chakudya china chilichonse chodyera.
Chodziwika bwino chokhudza ma diplopod ndikuti nthawi zambiri amadya choko. Izi ndichifukwa cha calcium ndi mavitamini omwe amapezeka (amalimbitsa chipolopolo). Choko chingasinthidwe ndi zipolopolo za dzira. Osapereka chakudya chochuluka kwambiri, apo ayi nkhungu imayamba kupangika pazinyalala za chakudya. Chifukwa chake, ayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo.
Mulu wa manyowa amawerengedwa kuti ndi malo osankhika, ndiye chifukwa chake ambiri okhala mchilimwe nthawi zambiri amapeza nyama zopanda mafupa izi pansi. Ngati simukuyesetsa kulimbana nawo, ndiye kuti posachedwa ayamba kukukutani ndi mizu, chifukwa chake chomeracho chimangosiya kukula bwino chifukwa chosowa michere. Sikuti nthawi zonse zimakhala zotheka kuwona tizirombo tating'onoting'ono, chifukwa kutalika kwake kumakhala sentimita imodzi ndi theka.
Monga tanenera kale, mtundu wa chigobacho umatengera mitundu. Ndi akuda, oyera, azitona, achikasu, abulauni. Matupi awo ali ndi ziphuphu zambiri ndi ma bristles ochepa, gawo lililonse limakhala ndi miyendo iwiri.
Kawirikawiri, kivsyaki imagwera pa tubers pamodzi ndi manyowa. Ndicho chifukwa chake, musanagule feteleza aliyense, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiunike mosamala ndikuwona ngati pali tizirombo tating'onoting'ono ndi mphutsi zawo.
Pofuna kupewa "alendo" osayembekezereka mdera lake, wolima dimba amayenera kuyeretsa nthaka ndi kutentha nthawi ndi nthawi (chotsani zotsalira), komanso azisamalira nthaka chaka chilichonse pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamagetsi ndi zotentha.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Mwachilengedwe, chachikazi nthawi zambiri amaikira mazira 70 pansi (pomwe amakhala). Mphutsi za mtunduwu sizimasiyana mosiyana ndi makolo awo, kupatula kuti zili ndi miyendo yaying'ono. Nyengo yozizira ikayamba, iwo ndi akulu amakonda kukumba pansi panthaka ndi chinyezi chokwanira. Umu ndi momwe amapulumukira nthawi yozizira.
Pofuna kusiyanitsa pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, kumbukirani kuti amuna ali ndi ma homopods (ofanana ndi miyendo yowonjezera) yomwe ili mkati mwa gawo lamkati (mkati mwake). Izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa iwo omwe akufuna kubereketsa nyama zopanda nyama kunyumba.
Kuti mkazi ayike mazira molondola, m'pofunika kupereka zofunikira zonse izi - chakudya chosiyanasiyana, chinyezi chabwino, chisamaliro choyenera. Ngati mutsatira mfundo zonse molondola, centipede adzakhala ndi moyo zaka khumi.
Pindulani ndi kuvulaza
Vuto lowonekera limayambitsidwa ndi kivsaki pomwe amakhala m'malo a wamaluwa. Amawononga mizu, potero amalepheretsa mbande kukula bwino. Nthawi zina tizirombo tating'ono timathera mumiphika yamaluwa. Kuti muwachotse, muyenera kuyika mphika m'madzi kwa maola angapo, kudikirira mpaka olowa nawo onse atuluke, ndi kusonkhanitsa.
Simungabzala mulu wa kompositi mumiphika, ndizopanda ntchito. Podyetsa, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wovuta. Kivsia humus imagwiritsidwa ntchito motsutsana ndi kivsyaks wam'munda. Ndiyeneranso kutchula maubwino omwe kivsyaki mdziko muno zingabweretse. Amatha "kubwezeretsanso" zinyalala ndi kupanga nthaka ya michere.
Ndi kunyansidwa kwambiri ndi dera loterolo, munthu atha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, monga "Karate", "Aktofit" ndi ena. Koma kuti mugwire bwino ntchito, ndibwino kuwonjezera mchere wa mankhwala enaake.
Kodi mungachotse bwanji kivsyak?
Maonekedwe a milipedes ambiri sangabweretse phindu lililonse pokonza zinthu zowola m'munda. Komanso, limodzi ndi nyongolotsi zimapanga ma humus achonde, komanso m'magulu ang'onoang'ono.
Kuberekana kwakukulu kwa tizirombazi kumatanthauza kuti posachedwa nyemba zouma, tchire la raspberries ndi tomato, mbatata ndi mbewu zina zaulimi zidzawonekera pamalopo. Kuti mupewe misonkhanoyi ndikusunga zokolola zanu, muyenera kumvetsetsa momwe mungatulutsire kivsyak.
Ndizosangalatsa! Ma diplopods akayamba kusuntha, akutsogolo kumalumikizidwa poyamba, kenako china chilichonse. Mutha kuwona mtundu wa funde.
Anthu akulu nthawi zambiri samapezeka pamasamba. Nthawi zambiri, amakhala ku Africa, America kapena Asia (madera otentha). M'dera la Russia, simungathe kuwona ziphuphu zazikulu, koma zapakati ndizofala.
Chaka chonse, zolengedwa izi zimatha kukonzanso zotsalira zambiri zazomera zomwe zayamba kale kuvunda, ndikuzisandutsa nthaka yazipatso (chifukwa cha izi muyenera kukumba dzenje la manyowa).
Mtundu wofala kwambiri wa ma centipedes a kivsyaks wapakati ndi wachitsulo-umvi (umafikira mamilimita opitilira makumi atatu m'litali). Kachiwiri ndi mchenga (carapace yakuda yokhala ndi mikwingwirima iwiri yayitali ya lalanje).
Kukhathamira kwa anthu awiri kumachitika pakatentha koposa +25, payeneranso kukhala chinyezi chambiri. Zipangizo zomangira chisa ndi zimbudzi ndi dothi. Mphutsi zing'onozing'ono zimawoneka ngati zazing'ono zazing'ono, koma ndizosiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa miyendo. Kukula kumayendera limodzi ndi ma molts omwe amapezeka nthawi ndi nthawi, omwe amathandizira kuti pakhale miyendo iwiri yowonjezera.
Kodi ndizoyenera kumenya nkhondo ndi kivsyak?
Mwachilengedwe chawo, kivsaki ndi ndiwo zamasamba, koma ngati munthu awasunga kunyumba, atha kudyetsedwa ndi chilichonse, osachita mopitilira muyeso. Ma invertebrates amakwera kuchokera pamalowo mkati mwa nyumba ngati kunja kuli chinyezi, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti anthu aziberekanso mwachangu. Nyumba nthawi zambiri zimakhala kukhitchini kapena kubafa, popeza madzi amakhala. Amawopa ndi mawonekedwe awo akukwawa padenga.
Amagwira ntchito usiku, chifukwa masana dzuwa limakhudza zipolopolozo ndikuziumitsa. Sakhala ndi matenda kapena matenda, samaluma anthu ndi ziweto. Ndi amanyazi kwambiri, ndipo pangozi iliyonse amasandulika bwalo lozungulira ndikupereka fungo la fetid kuteteza mimba. Sakhala pachiwopsezo chilichonse kwa anthu, kupatula kuti akhoza kudetsa zovala kapena manja.
Ndi anthu ochepa okha omwe angakondwere ndi mawonekedwe a ziphuphu m'nyumba, makamaka eni ake osavuta. Zikatero, ambiri amadabwa momwe angawathetsere. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizothandiza kwenikweni polimbana ndi tizirombo, chifukwa chake njira yabwino ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito misampha yapadera. Ayenera kuikidwa madzulo. Kuti mukope kivsyakov, ikani nsalu yonyowa pokonza, zidutswa za mbatata pamenepo. Kuti mugwire bwino ntchito, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito "Pochin" (chakudya chakupha tizilombo).
Nthawi zina tizirombo timakhazikika mumiphika yokhala ndi zomera zamkati, motero zimakhumudwitsa eni ake. Kivsaki imawonekera pamenepo, chifukwa zinthu zachilengedwe zimapezeka mumphika uliwonse. Izi zitha kuchitika ngati mugwiritsa ntchito dothi lomwe silinachitike pamalopo.
Zofunika! Musanawonjezere nthaka yamaluwa mumphika wazomera zamkati, tikulimbikitsidwa kuthira madzi otentha.
Mukamatsanulira masamba tiyi mumiphika, zimangothamangitsa tizirombo tomwe timaswana. Masamba omwe agwa komanso masamba omwe sanachotsedwe munthawi yake nawonso amathandizira. Kivsaki ikatha kuvunda konse, amasintha kukhala maluwa.
Ngati chomeracho ndi chaching'ono, ndiye kuti chiyenera kukumbidwa mosamala ndipo mphika wa nthaka uyenera kuikidwa m'madzi kwakanthawi. Ngati ndizosatheka kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo - "Karate Zeon" kapena "Aktofit".
Kodi kuzindikira tizilombo?
Olima minda samamvetsetsa nthawi zonse chomwe chimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa masamba ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Kawirikawiri, mutatha kutafuna mizu ndi mphero, ming'alu imakhalabe pamenepo, yomwe imadetsedwa pakapita nthawi.
Ngati alipo okwanira, ndiye kuti chomeracho chidzauma. Nthawi zina zimawononga strawberries - osati chitsamba chomwecho, koma zipatso, momwe zimatafuna mbali zina ngakhale kusiya mphutsi. Amakonda kukumba zotsekemera zukini, mavwende, mbatata, beets, tomato ndi kaloti.
