Galu wama Raccoon - chilombo ku banja lalikulu ndi nthambi za canine. Ili ndi dzina chifukwa chofanana ndi raccoon. Evenki amatcha mangut, ku Japan amatcha tanuki kapena neoguri.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Tanuki ndi chilombo chokhala ndi squat. Mutu uli ndi chimbudzi chosongoka. Madera apamwamba omwe amasinthira akachisi ndi opepuka. Minda yamdima mozungulira maso. Kuphulika kwaubweya pamasaya. Kusintha kwakuthwa kwamtundu kumapanga mtundu wa chigoba. Galu wa Raccoon akujambulidwa atha kukhala olakwika ngati raccoon, mawonekedwe awo a physiognomic ndi ofanana kwambiri.
Kutalika kwa thupi ndi masentimita 66-80. Sipitilira kukula kwa nkhandwe. Mchira suli wautali, masentimita 21-24 okha. Kulemera kumadalira nyengo. Masika kulemera kwake kwa nyama kumakhala kochepa, osapitilira 3-4 kg. M'nyengo yotentha, imafika makilogalamu 5-6. M'dzinja galu amanenepa, amalemera kuposa kawiri kuposa nthawi yachilimwe, amalemera makilogalamu 8-10.
Thupi limakutidwa ndi ubweya wokutira, wakuthwa. Mtunduwo ndi wakuda imvi ndi khofi kapena utoto wofiira. Mzere wakuda, wosazindikirika umayenda pamwamba kumbuyo. Chifuwacho ndi pafupifupi chakuda. Mbali yakumunsi ya thupi ndi yoyera. M'chilimwe, ubweyawo ndi wowonda, wopepuka. M'nyengo yozizira, chovala chapamwamba chimakhala chachitali komanso champhamvu, malaya amkati amalimbitsa.
Chinyamacho chimatchedwa dzina lofanana ndi raccoon
Molting imachitika kawiri pachaka. Kusintha kwa ubweya wachilimwe ndi malaya achisanu kumatenga kuyambira Seputembara mpaka Disembala. Nyumbayi imayamba mu Epulo ndipo imatha mu Juni. Pogwa, nyama imatuluka kumchira mpaka kumutu. M'chaka, m'malo mwake - kuyambira mutu mpaka mchira.
Dera loyambirira ndi dera la Amur, chigwa cha Ussuri, kumpoto kwa China, Korea Peninsula, Hokaido ndi zilumba za Hanshu. M'zaka za zana la makumi awiri, m'ma 30, kukula kwachuma kwa USSR kunakhudza malonda aubweya. Minda yaubweya idapangidwa mdera la Europe. Kuyesera kunachitika kuti athetse mitundu yatsopano ya nyama m'magawo awa.
Galu wa raccoon adziwa ndikufalikira ku North-Eastern Europe. Tinayamba kukumana kumadera apakati pa kontinenti ya Europe. Ku Scandinavia, nyamayi imagawidwa ngati mitundu yoyipa yomwe idayambitsidwa, zimayendetsedwa kuti muchepetse mphamvu zake m'chilengedwe.
Malire akumpoto ogawa gawo la Europe la Russia ndi Scandinavia akucheperachepera ndi 65th parallel. Kumbuyo kwa Urals, nyamayo sinathe kukhala ndi moyo chifukwa cha chisanu ndi chisanu. Kutentha kwapakati pachaka kumayenera kupitirira 0 ° C. Matalala oposa 800 mm sayenera kugwa nthawi yachisanu.
Malo ogawa, biocenosis ndi chiyani momwe raccoon amasiyana ndi galu wa raccoon... Kuti izi zitha kuwonjezeredwa malingaliro osiyana ndi chakudya: raccoon ndi chilombo, tanuki ndi cholengedwa chodabwitsa.
Kusagwirizana kwamatenda ndi akunja kulipo. Kuphatikiza kusiyanasiyana kwa majini. Zotsatira zake, raccoon amadziwika kuti raccoon kapena Procyonidae, ndipo galu wa raccoon amadziwika kuti canid kapena Canidae.
Mitundu
Pali ma subspecies asanu mwa mitundu ya agalu a raccoon.
- Subpecies zaku China. Malo okhala ndi Western China.
- Magulu akuluakulu aku Korea. Miyoyo ndi mitundu pa Korea Peninsula.
- Magulu a Yunnan. Amapezeka kumwera kwa China ndi Vietnam.
- Ussuri subspecies. Adziwa bwino dera la Amur, Far East ndi North China.
- Zigawo za ku Japan. Areal - zilumba zazilumba zaku Japan.
Ma subspecies a Ussuri adatenga nawo gawo pakuyesa kulera nyama m'mafamu aubweya ndikuwadziwitsa kumagawo atsopano. Tanuki sanaphonye mwayi wawo. Popanda kukakamizidwa ndi adani ena, adakhazikika m'malo akulu.
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Chakudya chokwanira ndichikhalidwe chachikulu posankha malo amoyo ndi kuberekana. Galu wama Raccoon amakhala m'zigwa za mitsinje zodzaza ndi mabango ndi zitsamba. Amakonda nkhalango zowoneka bwino komanso zokongola.
Nyamayo imangokhala, siyimachoka m'gawo lake. Kusefukira kwathunthu kwa malo okhala kumatha kukakamizidwa kusuntha. Izi zimachitika ndi kusefukira kwamadzi, mitsinje yamkuntho kapena mvula yamphamvu yophukira.
Moyo wa nyama umadalira nyengo, momwe chakudya chilili, nyengo, kuchuluka ndi mtundu wa adani. Masana, raccoon amakhala pogona, madzulo ndi usiku amapita kukadya.
Masika, munyengo yokhwima, imachoka pogona masana. Pakakhala zinthu zosokoneza, anthu ndi zolusa, zimakhala zolimba. Mutha kuwona madera ake masana pofunafuna chakudya.
Imayenda ndi sitepe yolumphira, ndikusandulika kanyumba. Poyesa kuthawa omwe amamutsata, akupita kukathamanga. Koma, ndi kuyesetsa konse, imayenda pang'onopang'ono kuposa galu wamba. Makamaka pamtunda wosakhazikika.
Galu wa raccoon amadziwika kuti ndi amene amanyamula kwambiri matenda a chiwewe
Chipale chofewa, chithaphwi, nthaka yosasunthika imakhala chopinga chosagonjetseka galu. Chifukwa chaching'ono chothandizira, nyamayo imagwera pomwepo. Chifukwa cha miyendo yayifupi, imakhala pamimba. Cholepheretsa madzi chitha kukhala chopulumutsa moyo kwa chinyama: galu amasambira bwino. Amatha kusambira pamitsinje ndi mitsinje yayikulu.
Chilombocho chimakonza malo ake obisalamo m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Njira yodziwika ndikukula pakati pa mizu yamitengo, yopanda kanthu ndi maenje a mitengo ikuluikulu. Nthawi zambiri nyumba zogona zimapangidwa m'malo onyowa. Mulu wa masamba owuma ndi mabango amaunjikidwa. Chipinda chachisa chimaponderezedwa mkati mwa muluwo.
Malo osweka mumtengo wa msondodzi amatha kukhala pobisalira kwakanthawi. Ma haystacks kapena udzu waudzu siwachilendo. Nthawi zambiri, agalu a raccoon amakhala m'mabowo a anthu ena, nthawi zina amakumba okha. Mabowo angapo osakhalitsa amapangidwa. Nyama zimagwiritsa ntchito masiku 2-3 motsatizana, osatinso. Amagwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse m'nyengo yozizira ndikuswana ana mmenemo.
Galu wa raccoon sangathe kuyenda chisanu
Burrow ndi njira ya 2-3 mita yayitali yomwe imatha kuwonjezera. Kuzama kwake sikungoposa mita. Pali njira imodzi yokha yolerera. Kukula kwa chipinda chodyera kumalola kuti nyamayo ndi ana azikhala. Pansi pa malo okhala pali masamba owuma. Bowo la dzenje silophimbidwa. Nthawi zonse zimawoneka pakhomo raccoon galu, mpweya, zinyalala.
Malo amtundu wa chinyama ndi 5-10 mita mita. Km. Mphepete mwa maphukusi oyandikana nawo nthawi zambiri amapezeka. Izi sizimayambitsa mikangano yayikulu pakati pa oyandikana nawo. Nyama mothandizidwa ndi mawu owopseza komanso kukhwimitsa zinthu zimatha kuyika olakwira m'malo.
Pali mitundu itatu yaubwenzi pakati pa nyama za amuna ndi akazi osiyanasiyana. Malinga ndi njira yoyamba, maanja amapangidwira nyengo yokwanira komanso nthawi yolera ana agalu. Pachifukwa chachiwiri, chachimuna ndi chachikazi sichimatha kugawanika mchaka. Mumtundu wachitatu wamakhalidwe, agalu awiriwa amasungabe moyo wawo wonse.
Pomwe pali kusiyana kulikonse, agalu awiri amtundu wina amafunafuna chakudya ndikuyesera kuteteza adani awo. Sangathe kudzudzula mwamphamvu, koma yamphongo imadzisankhira chilombocho chachikulu, kulola chachikazi kuti ichoke. Kuphatikiza pa kuteteza adani, muyenera kuteteza malowa kwa oyandikana nawo. Amuna ndi akazi amathamangitsa amuna ndi akazi okhaokha. Zinyama zokhazokha zimangolimbana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha.
Galu wa raccoon ali ndi mtundu wapadera wa canine. Amatha kubisala m'nyengo yozizira. Pokhala zili zotentha kwambiri, nyama zimadikirira nyengo yachisanu, nyengo yachisanu. Nthawi yozizira yoimitsidwa makanema ojambula imayamba mu Novembala ndipo imatha mu Marichi kapena Epulo.
Hibernation imaloledwa bwino chifukwa cha ubweya wake wonenepa komanso mafuta omwe amapezeka. Nyama imasunga kutentha podzipindirana ndi mpira, ndikutseka mphuno zake ndi mchira wake. Mitundu yambiri yamatumbo imatulutsa mafuta omwe amateteza khungu ku chinyezi ndi chisanu.
Nyama zomwe sizinapeze kulemera kokwanira, sizinapezeko kuchuluka kwa mafuta, osabisala. Okhala m'malo okhala ndi chivundikiro chaching'ono cha chisanu komanso nyengo yabwino yozizira sagona. Masiku ozizira makamaka usana ndi usiku amabisala m dzenje.
Akatswiri a zamoyo ndi alenje awona mobwerezabwereza chodabwitsa. Galu wamanyazi m'nyengo yozizira amakhala mdzenje momwe mbira imagona. Ubwino wamalo oterewa ndiwowoneka. Koma mbira ikadzuka ndipo galu alibe nthawi yoti atuluke, siyabwino. Pamapeto pake, amathamangitsidwa, choyipitsitsa, mbira imangomuluma.
Zowononga zonse zomwe zimakhala mdera lino zimawopseza agalu amphaka. Agalu osochera, mimbulu, ndi mimbulu zimaukira nyama zazikulu. Nkhandwe, martens, ferrets zimaba ana agalu. Mbalame zodya nyama zimaukira zonse ziwiri. Agalu amathamanga moyenera, alibe zida zokwanira, choncho chida chawo chokhacho chothandiza ndikusamala.
Zowopsa kuposa zoyambitsa matendawa. Matenda adayambitsidwa nthawi yozizira. Pakadali pano, nyama zazikulu kwambiri zimamwalira. Epizootic imayambitsa kufa kwa anthu: piroplasmosis, chifuwa chachikulu, matenda a canine ndi matenda ena.
Agalu amisala amathandizira kwambiri pakufalitsa matenda a chiwewe. Pakati pa mliri wotsatira, asayansi aku Finland adawerengetsa kuti 77% ya milandu yonse ya chiwewe imapezeka munyama izi.
Zakudya zabwino
Galu wama Raccoon — nyama omnivorous. Menyu imadalira nyengo ndi mawonekedwe amderalo. Zipatso zamtundu uliwonse, mbewu, mbewu ndi gawo lobiriwira la galu. Gawo lanyama lazakudya ndilosiyana - awa ndi tizilombo, nyama zopanda mafupa, makoswe, achule ndi zina za amphibiya, mbalame, mazira awo, nsomba, nyamakazi, ndi nkhono zotchuka kwambiri.
Galu samapewa zakufa. Pokhala pafupi ndi midzi, matauni, matauni, amayendera malo omwe zimawonongeka. Galu ndi wokhometsa. Imayenda mozungulira, imayang'ana malowa posaka chakudya. Imayang'ana mkati mwa tchire, pansi pa mitengo ikuluikulu, ziphuphu m'nkhalango.
Nthawi zambiri amapita kumadzi osaya. Samasuntha mtunda wautali kuchokera pogona. M'chilimwe, malo ofufuzira sakadutsa 0,5 km. M'dzinja, galu amadya mwachangu, amapindula mafuta. Kukwera kwa chakudya kumafikira mpaka 5-6 km.
M'chaka, galu wa raccoon amawononga mbalame ndi ana ambirimbiri omwe amapanga zisa pansi kapena pamalo otsika. Zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa abakha ndi mbalame zina zam'madzi. Malo osakira adalembedwa. Moto umabwerera ngati nyama yowononga zachilengedwe.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Ndi mawonekedwe a dzuwa la masika, mkazi amayamba estrus. Izi zimachitika kamodzi pachaka ndipo sizipitirira sabata. Nthawi yonse ya rutting imatenga masabata 2-3. Nyama zingapo zimachita nawo izi. Koma nthawi zina mkazi amatsatiridwa ndi amuna 3-4. Palibe kulimbana pakati pa amuna. Palibe miyambo yaukwati.
Anawo amaswa masiku 60-65. Ana akhanda 6-8 amabadwa, koma pali ana a 12 kapena kuposa pamenepo. Anawo aphimbidwa ndi ubweya, koma opanda thandizo, akhungu. Pa tsiku la 10, ana agalu amawona bwino. Pa tsiku la 14-15 ali ndi mano.
Chiyambire kupezeka kwa mano, chakudya cha nyama chimaphatikizidwa pazakudya za agalu. Omwe amalandira ndalama zambiri panthawiyi ndi wamphongo. Amapereka chakudya kwa mkazi ndi ana. Ana agalu akamakula, wamkazi amatenga nawo mbali kwambiri popereka chakudya kwa nyama zazing'ono.
Ana a raccoon agalu
Patatha mwezi umodzi ubweya, ubweya wake umayandikira kwambiri kwa munthu wamkulu. Chovala cha raccoon chikuwonekera pankhope. Pakatha mwezi umodzi ndi theka mpaka miyezi iwiri, ana agalu amasiya kwathunthu mkaka wa amayi awo ndikusinthana ndi tizilombo, nkhono, achule. Ali ndi miyezi 5-6, achinyamata amaphunzira kusaka ndi kusonkhanitsa. Mpaka nthawi yophukira, amapita limodzi ndi makolo awo, amayamba kukhala wodziyimira pawokha.
M'dzinja loyambirira, ma raccoon achichepere amatha kufunafuna gawo lawo ndikukonzekera pobisalira. Ali ndi zaka chimodzi, achinyamata amatha kubereka. Kumtchire, raccoon amakhala zaka 6-8. Komanso amapezeka mu ukapolo galu wa raccoon. Kunyumba moyo wa nyama ukhoza kukhala zaka 14.
Kusamalira ndi kusamalira kunyumba
Kuyesera kuyambitsa ma raccoon kudayamba mzaka zapitazi. Atha kutchedwa opambana. Nyama yomwe idayamba kukhala pafupi ndi munthu imazindikira msanga. Zizolowereni ukapolo. Ndiwofulumira, wololera ku maphunziro.
Kusunga galu wamtundu mu nyumba kapena nyumba yogona ndi yovuta. Zizolowezi zowononga sizingatheke. Zinthu ndi mipando zitha kuwonongeka. Oyandikana nawo ziweto zina amachotsedwa. Chifukwa chake, amafunikira aviary yayikulu.
Pasakhale mavuto ndi kudyetsa. Zakudyazo zimachokera ku nyama yaiwisi, mafupa, nyama zakufa ndizabwino. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera masamba, chimanga, zipatso. Zakudya zowuma, zomwe zimapangidwira agalu apakatikati, sizimasankhidwa.
Mtengo
Galu wa raccoon atha kugulidwa pamisika ya mbalame ndi malo ogulitsira ziweto. Nyama ndiyosowa kwambiri. Zomwe zili kunyumba sizomwe amakonda kwambiri. Kufunika kochepa kumabweretsa kusakhazikika. Zotsatira zake, raccoon galu mtengo lagona mu osiyanasiyana 6-30 zikwi rubles.
Raccoon kusaka agalu
Mbalameyi imasakidwa ubweya wake. Nyama yake imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nyambo ya nyama zina zolusa. Ngakhale munthu amathanso kugwiritsa ntchito. Kuwombera kukuchitika pofuna kuteteza ziweto za mbalame ndi nyama zina zamasewera.
Njira yowononga kwambiri ndikusaka ufa ndi galu. Chilichonse chimachitika ndi galu. Amapeza chilombocho. Amugonjetsa. Palibe mikhalidwe yapadera yothamanga yomwe imafunikira. Ndikulira komwe raccoon imadzutsa, wosaka amamvetsetsa kuti cholinga chakwaniritsidwa.
Kutsatira mayendedwe mu chipale chofewa, mutha kupita kumalo obisalako raccoon. Kuphatikiza apo, vutoli limathetsedwa kutengera mtundu wogona. Ngati ili ndi dzenje lakuya, simungathe kuchita popanda galu wobowola. Koma ikhoza kukhala yabodza kapena yabodza. Pankhaniyi, chilombocho chingatenge nthawi yomweyo.
Kuphatikiza pa mfuti, kusaka galu wamtundu wina pogwiritsa ntchito misampha ndikotchuka. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala kukumana kwakanthawi pakati pa alenje ndi ma raccoon. Nthawi zambiri agalu amphaka amapita kukapindula ndi nyambo yokonzekera nguluwe.
Kusaka agalu a Raccoon alibe gawo lamasewera. Zosagwirizana ndi zochitika zovuta kuphatikiza. Kutha ndi zotsatira zotsimikizika. Pazifukwa izi, ikukula kwambiri.
