Zinyama zokhala ndi ziboda zofanana zimayenda pansi ndi ziboda zawo - awa ndi mawonekedwe anyanga omwe amateteza zala zawo ndikuthandizira kulemera. Ma equids amayimirira ndikuthamanga mosavuta. Kulemera kwakukulu kumathandizidwa ndi ziboda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mayendedwe amtundu wa ungulates afotokozedwe ngati "kuyenda ziboda" (osati "kuyenda kwa digito" zala zakumaso zikakhudza nthaka, kapena "plantigrade" phazi lonse lili pansi, monga anthu). Maenje, kuphatikiza mawonekedwe amiyendo, omwe amachulukitsa miyendo, amalola ma equids kuthamanga mwachangu. Amakhulupirira kuti nyama zokhala ndi ziboda zosasenda zinasinthika m'malo odyetserako ziweto, pomwe zimathamanga kwambiri kuzilombo.
Mbidzi ya Burchell
Ziboda chimodzi phazi lililonse chimasinthitsa mbidzi kuti izitha kuthamanga kwambiri. Mawonekedwe onse ndi mutu wawukulu, khosi lolimba ndi miyendo yayitali, yodziwika mosavuta.
Mbidzi yam'mapiri
Pa thupi - mndandanda wa mikwingwirima yakuda ndi yoyera. Mizere iyi ndi yopyapyala komanso yoyandikana kwambiri pakhosi ndi torso; pa ntchafu, amasanduka mikwingwirima yopingasa ingapo.
Mbidzi Grevy
Mikwingwirima yakuda ndi yoyera ili pafupi. Mzere wakuda wakuda umatsikira msana. Mtundu wa mimba yoyera umayenda pang'ono mbali.
Bulu waku Africa
Chovala chachifupi, chosalala, chofiirira mpaka chikaso chofiirira chokhala ndi choyera pansi ndi miyendo. Ma subspecies onse ali ndi mzere wakuda wakuda wammbali.
Kulan
Pamwamba pa bulauni pabula pamasiyana kwambiri ndi zoyera zamkati zoyera, kuphatikiza croup. Kumene miyendo imakumana ndi thupi, mphete zazikulu zoyera zimafika m'mbali.
Hatchi ya Przewalski
Tsitsi lofiirira kapena lofiirira pabwalo lamkati mwamthupi limasanduka loyera. Nthawi yayitali chilimwe, imatalikitsa, imakhuthala ndikuwala ndikuyamba nyengo yozizira.
Hatchi yakunyumba
Kuyambira kale, anthu awoloka, kugulitsa, komanso kusuntha mahatchi m'makontinenti. Ndi gwero la chakudya, njira yopangira komanso zosangalatsa.
Mountain tapir
Chovalacho ndi chakuda, choluka komanso chachitali, chovala chamkati chophimba khungu labwino la tapir. Mtundu kuchokera ku jet wakuda mpaka wakuda wakuda bulauni.
Tirigu waku Brazil (plain)
Mlomo ndi mphuno zakumtunda za tapir zimatambasulidwa kukhala kachilombo kofupikitsa, kolimba, komwe ndichimodzi mwazodziwika kwambiri pagululi.
Tapir waku Central America
Chikopa chakuda chimakutidwa ndi tsitsi lalifupi, lakuda bulauni. Zinyama zazing'ono zimakhala ndi malaya ofiira ofiira okhala ndi mitsempha yoyera ndi mawanga.
Chimalaya tapir
Mtundu wa thupi: kutsogolo ndi miyendo yakumbuyo yakuda, croup ndi imvi kapena imvi. Mtunduwo umawonekera, koma tapir imakhala yosaoneka m'nkhalango yowala usiku.
Chipembere cha Sumatran
Chikopa chachikopa chofiirira chimapinda m'mipando yofanana ndi zida. Chipembere chapaderachi chimakutidwa ndi malaya owoneka ofiira ofiira ofiira.
Chipembere cha ku India
Chikopa changati chidachi chimakhala cholimba komanso cholimba, chokhala ndi makutu ndi zitunda zokwezedwa pakhosi, mapewa, ndi m'mbali mwake. Khola la khosi silitambalala kumbuyo.
Chipembere cha Javan
Izi ndi nyama zokhazokha zomwe sizimakonda kwenikweni gawolo. Amayi amakula msinkhu pafupifupi zaka 3-4, ndipo amuna amakula patapita nthawi.
Chipembere chakuda
Kutha kwa malo, matenda ndi kupha nyama kwafafaniza zipembere mpaka kufika poti zimangopezeka m'malo otetezedwa.
Chipembere choyera
Nyama izi zilibe zotsekemera, koma ma premolars ndi molars, omwe amasinthidwa kuti aphwanye masamba omwe zipembere zimadya.
Maonekedwe a equids
Akavalo, zipembere ndi ma tapir onse ndi nyama zofananira, ngakhale samawoneka mofanana. Zipembere amanyamula kulemera kwake chala chapakati, chomwe chimazunguliridwa ndi zala ziwiri zazing'ono. Chala choyamba ndi chachisanu chinasowa pakusintha. Zipilala zimakonzedwanso chimodzimodzi ndi zala zitatu zakumbuyo kwawo, koma miyendo yawo yakutsogolo ili ndi chala china chaching'ono. Akavalo amasamutsira kulemera kwawo pakati, koma zala zakunja zonse zapita.
Popita nthawi, ziboda zimazolowera chilengedwe. Nyama zomwe zimakhala pamalo olimba, monga mahatchi ndi antelopes, zimakhala ndi ziboda zazing'ono, zophatikizana. Omwe amakhala m'nthaka yofewa, monga mphalapala ndi caribou, ali ndi zala zakuphazi ndi ziboda zazitali zomwe zimatambasula ndikugawa kulemera kwake.
Nyama zambiri zimakhala ndi nyanga kapena nyanga, ndipo zina zimakhala ndi mano. Ziphuphu, nyanga ndi nyanga zimateteza kwa adani, koma ntchito yaikulu ndikumenyana kwa amuna pampikisano wadziko kapena wamkazi.
Asayansi amasankhanso nyama zingapo zonyowa ngati ma equids. Izi zikuphatikizapo irax (nyama yayikulu ngati kalulu ku Africa ndi Asia), ma aardwark, anamgumi, ndi zisindikizo. Kusanthula kwa majeremusi kunawonetsa kufanana m'malingaliro a DNA a zolengedwa izi komanso kupatsa mphamvu zinyama. Izi zikusonyeza kuti nyama zimakhala ndi kholo limodzi, ngakhale pali mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana.
Khalidwe ndi zakudya
Khalidwe loyambirira la kukonzeka kwa mwana wamwamuna wodziyang'anira pawokha komanso thandizo lomwe amayi amapereka kuchokera pagulu lanyama limabweretsa kulumikizana kwakukulu pakati pa mayi ndi mwana atabadwa. Kusuntha, kununkhiza, ndi mawu amwana wakhanda kumathandizira kuyankha kwabwino kwa amayi. Amayi amagwiritsa ntchito zowonera, zowoneka bwino komanso mawu kuti azindikire ndikuwongolera ana awo. Gawo ili lakulumikizana kwakukulu limatchedwa nthawi ya postpartum. Kutalika kumasiyana kuyambira pasanathe ola limodzi mpaka kupitirira 10, kutengera mtundu wa ma equids.
Mitundu yambiri yonyinyirika imakhala m'gulu limodzi mwamagawo awiri okhudzana ndi ubale wamayi ndi mwana womwe umachitika pambuyo pobereka. Mitundu iwiriyi amatchedwa "obisalira" ndi "otsatira". "Obisika" akuyembekezera amayi awo kuti awadyetse. "Otsatira" amamutsatira kuyambira nthawi yobadwa.
Ma equids ambiri ndi nyama zodya zomera. Ena mwa mitunduyi amadya udzu, pomwe ena amadya masamba ndi mitengo. Ma equids ambiri amakhala ndi zikopa zazikulu, zooneka ngati zovuta pakamwa pawo zopera chakudya. Nyama zambiri zachepetsa mayini. Ma equid ena monga nkhumba, omnivores, amadya chakudya chazomera ndi nyama.
Equids ndi anthu
Anthu amagwiritsa ntchito nyama zakutchire monga chakudya, zovala, mayendedwe, chuma, komanso chisangalalo. Zizolowezi zina zosaka, monga njati zakusaka ku American Plains, zayamba kudalira mwamphamvu oponya mivi pa mtundu umodzi wa nyama zoluka. Ndipo kuweta nyama zopanda ungwiro kunakhazikitsa midzi ikuluikulu ndikumasula anthu kuntchito. Nkhosa ndi mbuzi zinali nyama zoyambirira zokhala ndi ziboda zoti ziweto zaka 10,000 zapitazo. Nkhumba ndi akavalo ankatsatira. Kuweta zinyama zopanda ungwiro kumapitilizabe masiku ano. M'zaka za m'ma 1900, mbawala zinkasamalidwa. Masiku ano nyama zopitilira 5 miliyoni zimaukitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi.
