Rooks ndi oimira banja la corvid, mtundu wa khwangwala. Komabe, oyang'anira mbalame amati ndi mtundu wina, chifukwa mbalamezi ndizosiyana ndi akhwangwala m'mapangidwe amthupi, mawonekedwe, machitidwe, komanso ali ndi mikhalidwe ina yotengera iwo okha.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Thupi la rook ndilolonda kwambiri kuposa la khwangwala. Mbalame yayikulu imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 600 ndipo imakhala ndi mapiko otalika masentimita 85. Mchira wake umatalika masentimita 20, ndipo thupi lake limakhala masentimita 50. Miyendo ndi yayitali, yakuda, yokhala ndi zala zakuthwa.
Rook wamba
Nthenga zosongoka wakuda, kunyezimira padzuwa ndi kunyezimira buluu, pali gawo locheperako la imvi, lomwe limatenthetsa mbalame mu kuzizira. Chifukwa cha nthenga yake yabuluu-buluu, rook mu chithunzi, limatuluka mokongola komanso mokongola.
Sebum imadzola nthenga, kuwapangitsa kukhala opanda madzi komanso owirira, chifukwa chake rook imayamba kuthamanga kwambiri ndikupirira maulendo ataliatali. Rook amauluka mosiyana ndi akhwangwala. Womalizirayo amayamba ndi kuyamba, akugwedeza mapiko ake mwamphamvu, pomwe rook imanyamuka mosavuta pamalo ake.
M'munsi mwa mulomo, mumakhala nthenga zochepetsetsa, zomwe khungu zimawala. Ndili ndi msinkhu, kutuluka uku kumatha kwathunthu. Asayansi sanawululebe chifukwa chenicheni cha izi, pali malingaliro ochepa chabe onena chifukwa chake nthenda zimataya nthenga zawo.
Mbalame zimafunikira khungu lopanda kanthu kuti liwone kutentha kwa mazira. Chiphunzitso china chimati kuwonongeka kwa nthenga kuzungulira mlomo ndikofunikira pa ukhondo. Makoko samasankha chakudya, amapeza chakudya m'malo otayira mzindawo, amadya mphutsi zovunda ndi zipatso zowola. Pofuna kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda, chilengedwe chimapereka njira yoyeretsera imeneyi.
Mlomo wa rook ndi wochepa thupi komanso wamfupi kuposa khwangwala, koma wamphamvu. Mwa munthu wachinyamata, imakhala yakuda kwathunthu, popita nthawi imatuluka, chifukwa chakukumba pansi nthawi zonse ndikupeza utoto wakuda.
Pali thumba laling'ono, longa kanyama, momwe masokosi amatengera chakudya anapiye awo. Chakudya chokwanira chikasonkhanitsidwa, khungu lomwe limapanga thumba limabwereranso, lilime limatuluka, ndikupanga mtundu wina wamapewa ndikulepheretsa chakudya kumezedwa. Umu ndi momwe amatengera chakudya kupita kuchisa.
Mbalamezi sizingatchedwe mbalame za nyimbo; zimamveka mofanana ndi kulira kwa akhwangwala. Rook amadziwa kutsanzira mbalame zina kapena mawu. Mwachitsanzo, mbalame za m'tawuni, zikukhazikika pafupi ndi malo omangira, zimatha kubangula ngati njira. Liwu la ma rook ndi lotetemera, mabasi, ndipo mawu ake ndi ofanana ndi: "Ha" ndi "Gra". Chifukwa chake dzinali - rook.
Rook masika
Kupyolera mufukufuku ndi kuwona, oyang'anira mbalame apeza kuti luntha la ma rook ndilofanana ndi la gorilla. Ndiwofulumira, anzeru, amakumbukira bwino. Rook imatha kukumbukira munthu yemwe adamupatsa chakudya kapena kumuwopseza. Ngakhale munthu atasintha zovala, rook amamudziwa. Amakhala ndi chidziwitso, amawopa mfuti ndikumwazikana ngati awona wosaka m'nkhalango.
Mbalame zimapeza chakudya chokwanira kuchokera kumalo ovuta kufikako. Kuti atulutse kena kake mu botolo, amapeza waya kapena timitengo, komanso amatulutsa nyemba m'ming'alu. Pazofufuza, asayansi adapangira dala zopinga zofananira.
Rooks kuthana mosavuta ndi ntchitoyi. Kuyesera kunachitika pamene mbalame, kuti ipeze mbewu, imafunikira chinthu chowoneka ngati mbedza ndipo ndodo yowongoka sinathe kupeza nthanga. Ma Rook adapemphedwa kuti agwiritse ntchito waya, ndipo adazindikira msanga chomwe chinali vuto. Mbalamezi zinapinda m'mphepete ndi mlomo wawo ndipo mwamsanga zinatulutsa mbewu.
Kutha kuthawa ndi chakudya mkamwa mwake
Rook amaponya mtedza mu zipolopolo zawo pansi pa magalimoto kuti athyole. Komanso, mbalame zimatha kusiyanitsa mitundu. Amakhala pamagetsi ndikudikirira kuwala kwa chimango kuti atolere zidutswa za mtedza momasuka, chifukwa amadziwa kuti pamaloboti ofiira, magalimoto amaima.
Amakonda kudzitamandira wina ndi mnzake za nyama yomwe apeza. Pena pake panali chochitika pomwe chithunzi chosangalatsa chidawonedwa: ma rook angapo adawulukira ndikuyika zouma mkamwa mwawo, adakhala pamtengo wokhala ndi zisa ndikuwonetsa mbalame zina, pambuyo pake panali zowola zambiri zowumitsa.
Pambuyo pake kunapezeka kuti ku malo ophikira buledi omwe ali pafupi kwambiri, popita kunyamula, thumba lokhala ndi zowumitsa izi lidang'ambika, ndipo ma rook amatenga iwo, amawanyamula kuzungulira mzindawo. Anthu okhala mumzinda uno adadandaula kwanthawi yayitali kuti mbalame zochuluka chotani zopangira buledi zimachokera.
Mitundu
Pali mitundu iwiri ya ma rook, rook wamba ndi Smolensk rook. Ma rooks a Smolensk amapezeka ku Russia, ndipo ma rook wamba amapezeka m'maiko ena. Kusiyana kwawo sikuwonekera pang'ono, koma iwo ali.
Smolensk Rook
Mutu wa Smolensk rook ndi wocheperako pang'ono kuposa wamba. Nthenga zake ndizopepuka komanso zazitali. Kamtengo kakang'ono ka nthenga kamakhala pamutu pa mutu. Maso ndi otambalala, otalikirana komanso ang'ono. Mu rookie ya Smolensk, gawo lotsika pansi ndilolimba ndipo limatuluka pansi pa nthenga zakuda. Komanso ma rooks a Smolensk amatchedwanso nkhunda zazifupi, zithunzi zawo zimawoneka pansipa.
Nkhunda zazifupi kapena za Smolensk
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Rooks amakhala ku Asia ndi Europe. Amapezeka kumpoto kwa Ireland, ku England komanso kum'mawa kwa Scandinavia. Ku Russia, amakhala ku Far East komanso ku Europe, ndipo amapezeka ku China ndi Japan. M'zaka za zana la 19, Rooks adabweretsedwa ku New Zealand, komwe mbalame sizikhala ndi moyo masiku ano, zilibe chakudya chokwanira.
Rooks amawerengedwa mbalame zosamukakomabe, izi zimakhudzanso mbalame zaku kumpoto. Ma rook akumwera amakhala m'nyengo yozizira ndipo amadya bwino m'mizinda. M'zaka zaposachedwa, asayansi awona kuti ma rook ochokera kumadera akumpoto nawonso pang'onopang'ono amangokhala. Amaswa anapiye ndipo amakhala, kudikirira nyengo yozizira. Amakhala m'magulu akulu m'malo okhala anthu, ngakhale zaka 50 zapitazo, adakonda madera komanso nkhalango.
M'mbuyomu, rook anali mbalame "yobweretsa kasupe pamapiko ake". Masalmo ndi nyimbo zambiri zalembedwa pamutuwu. Adawulukira koyambirira kwamasika kuti akadyetse kafadala, mphutsi ndi nyongolotsi zomwe zimapezeka pamtunda polima minda yamaluwa ndi minda. Kugwa, adasonkhana pamudzi, ndikukonzekera ulendo wautali. Iwo ankayenda mozungulira magulu ambiri akuitana aliyense mofuula kwambiri.
Mverani mawu a rook:
Mverani kufuula kwa gulu lanyumba:
Ma rook anawulukira kumtengo
Pali zizindikilo zambiri pakati pa anthu omwe amagwirizana ndi kusamukira kwamitundu. Zitsanzo zingapo:
- Marichi 17th amatchedwa "Gerasim the Rookery" ndipo akuyembekezera kubwera kwa mbalamezi, chifukwa ndi nthawi yomwe amabwerera kuchokera kumwera. Ngati ma rook amafika pambuyo pake, ndiye kuti kasupe uzizizira, ndipo chilimwe sichikhala ndi mbewu.
- Ngati mbalame zimanga zisa pamwamba, chilimwe chidzakhala chotentha, ngati chotsika, mvula imagwa.
- Ku England, pali chikwangwani: ngati mbalamezi zisiyira chisa pafupi ndi nyumba yomwe amakhala kale, ndiye kuti mwana sabadwa m'banjali.
Rooks ndizaphokoso, madera awo akuluakulu, amakhala pafupi ndi nyumba zokhalamo, zoyambitsa zovuta kwa anthu. Mbalame zimalankhulana, zimamveka mawu okwana 120 mosiyanasiyana. Amatha kufotokozera komwe amakhala m'malo ena, ndikuwuza komwe angapeze chakudya ndikuchenjeza za zoopsa.
Asayansi awona kuti pali mtsogoleri pagulu. Iyi ndi mbalame yakale komanso yodziwa zambiri yomwe ena amamvera. Ngati mbalame yotere imapereka chizindikiro cha ngozi, ndiye kuti gulu lonse lanyamuka ndikuthawa. Ngati rook wachichepere amawopa china chake, ndiye kuti ena samumvera, samanyalanyaza.
Nthawi zambiri mumatha kuwona masewera a mbalamezi, motero amayamba kucheza nawo. Rook amakonda kupatsirana timitengo tosiyanasiyana kwinaku akuuluka kapena atakhala panthambi. Anthu ambiri awona momwe mbalame zimakhala mumzera umodzi kumpanda kapena pamtengo, ndikusinthana "chuma" chomwe chimapezeka.
A rooks wamkazi (kumanja) ndi wamwamuna
Amakonda kusambira pamodzi panthambi. Amalumpha ndikukhala pansi nthawi yomweyo, kupendekera komanso kutsika. Nthawi zina amapezerera anzawo, kusewera, kutsinzikana nthenga. Payekha, rook imasangalatsa ndikudumula nthambi kapena kuponyera tchipisi tating'ono. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kuchitira umboni zenizeni zenizeni za mbalame. Amatha kutenga chakudya kwa ofooka kapena kukonza zinthu ndi oyandikana nawo.
Zakudya zabwino
Amakhulupirira kuti rook ndi mbalame yothandiza chifukwa imadyetsa tizilombo tina. Masika Oyambirira kusonkhana m'magulu m'minda ndi minda yamasamba kuti mutole mphutsi za tizilombo. Sachita mantha ndi mathirakitala ndi zida zina zaphokoso. Mbalamezi zimakumba pansi mwakachetechete ndipo sizimauluka.
Komabe, ziweto zambiri zimasanduka tizilombo. Amabzala mbewu, amafukula mbewu, amadya mphukira, amabera zenizeni m'minda. Amakonda kwambiri mbewu za mpendadzuwa ndi maso a chimanga.
Alimi amayesanso kunyenga mbalamezo ndikupopera mbewuzo ndi fungo losakaniza asanabzale kuti ziwopsyeze. Koma ma rook anali ochenjera kwambiri. Anasonkhanitsa tirigu pakamwa pawo, napita ku dziwe lapafupi ndikutsuka nyembazo, kuchotsa fungo losasangalatsa, kenako ndikudya chimanga.
Mbalame ya Rook omnivorous, m'nyengo yozizira amapeza chakudya m'malo otayira mumzinda. Amakanda zotsalira za chakudya, amafunafuna njere, amadya nyongolotsi kuchokera ku mitembo ya nyama. Amapanga zinthu, kubisa mtedza kapena zidutswa za mkate m'mizu ya mitengo yomwe amakhala. Amatha kuwononga zisa za mbalame zina, kudya mazira awo ndi anapiye obadwa kumene. M'chilimwe, amatha kudyetsa Meyi kafadala, nyongolotsi komanso achule ang'onoang'ono, molluscs ndi njoka.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Rook zimamanga zisa m'mitengo yayitali, momwe zimakhalira pagulu. Mwamuna ndi mkazi amasankhidwa kamodzi kokha. Pokhapokha ngati mnzake wamwalira, amatha kusintha mfundoyi. Amayamikira ntchito yawo, ndipo amabwerera ku zisa za chaka chatha, ndikuthira mabowo ndi nthambi, udzu wouma ndi moss.
Chisa cha Rook chozama kuposa khwangwala, chokulirapo, ndipo pansi pake pali nthenga ndipo pansi. Mbalame zazing'ono zimamanga chisa pamodzi. Mothandizidwa ndi milomo yawo yolimba, amathyola nthambi zazing'ono zamitengo, pomwe amayikapo "mbale", kenako amabweretsa magulu audzu ndikutseka ming'alu yayikulu.
Dzira mazira pachisa
Masika, nyengo yakumasulira imapitilira mbalamezi mu Epulo ndi Marichi. Mazira osokosera wobiriwira ndi mabala a bulauni. Mkazi amaikira mazira awiri kapena 6 nthawi imodzi ndipo amawafukirira kwa masiku pafupifupi 20. Wamphongo panthawiyi amakhala mlenje, amatola chakudya m'thumba lachikopa pansi pa mlomo wake ndikumubweretsera.
Mwana wankhuku samachoka pachisa kwa mwezi woyamba wamoyo. Amaswa kwathunthu, ndipo chachikazi chimawatenthetsa ndi kutentha mpaka kutulutsa madzi. Kuchokera kusowa kwa chakudya, ma rook ochepa amafa, zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri pamene ana onse apulumuka. Pakatha milungu iwiri, yaikazi imayamba kuthandiza yaimuna kupeza chakudya.
Mbalamezi sizilekerera kuloŵerera m’zisa zawo. Ngati mbalame zina zimachezera kumeneko kapena munthu akakhudza anapiye, ndiye pobwerera, rookyo imanunkhiza kununkhiza kwa wina ndikusiya chisa, ndikusiya anawo kuti afe.
Rook anapiye
Anapiyewo amalimba ndipo amatha kupeza chakudya m'mwezi umodzi. M'masabata awiri oyamba, makolowo amawathandiza powabweretsera chakudya china. Ndiye anapiyewo amakula, amapeza mphamvu ndikukonzekera kusamuka kwawo koyamba. Kumapeto kwa chaka chachiwiri cha moyo, nyama zazing'ono zimayamba kuberekana. M'chilimwe choyambirira zimayendayenda m'kati mwa zisa, sizibwereranso ku chisa m'dera lawo.
Mwachilengedwe, ma rook amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 20, komabe, amafa zaka 3-4. Ku UK, nkhani idalembedwa pomwe mbalame idakhala zaka 23. Rook chick Analimbikitsidwa ndi akatswiri a mbalame adakali aang'ono, adapezeka atafa kale.
Anthu ambiri amasokoneza rook ndi khwangwala, koma mbalame zimakhala ndi zosiyana zambiri pakati pawo, izi ndi kapangidwe kathupi komanso kachitidwe kake. Anthu akhala akuzolowera kwanthawi yayitali ndipo samaziyang'ana, ngakhale ndi mbalame zokongola komanso zanzeru zomwe zimakondweretsa kuwonera.
