Zaryanka kapena phwiti - monga amatchulidwira ku Russia, amadziwika chifukwa chaubwenzi komanso utoto wosiyanasiyana. Kambalame kakang'ono aka sikuwopa anthu konse, pomwe amphongo amatha kukhala odana kwambiri. Njira ya moyo ndi zizolowezi za phwiti sangatchulidwe wamba - zimasiyana kwambiri ndi mbalame zam'mizinda zamtawuni.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Zaryanka ndi mtundu wochokera kubanja la owerenga ntchentche, ndi wa dongosolo la odutsa. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mafunso okhudza dzina lolondola mbalame - "zoryanka" kapena "zoryanka". Chosiyana chomaliza, chomwe chimachokera ku mawu oti "m'bandakucha", ndicholondola - chosiyanitsa mbalame ndi mtundu wake wa lalanje.
Kutalika, munthu wamkulu amafika masentimita 14, kulemera sikupitirira 16-22 g Mapiko a mapiko amakhala pakati pa 20 mpaka 22 cm, miyendo ndi yayitali. Izi zimamupangitsa kuti azitha kudumpha, ndichifukwa chake amatha kulakwitsa ngati ngolo kutali. Amuna amakhala okulirapo kuposa akazi, nthenga zimakhala zosakhazikika - chithunzi cha kuzungulira kwa mbalame chimapangidwa.
Ma loboti achimuna amakhala okulirapo pang'ono kuposa akazi ndipo amawoneka ozungulira.
Phwiti ndi wosavuta kumuwona ngakhale pakati pa masamba obiriwira amitengo. Achinyamata ali ndi nthenga zofiirira-zoyera, zokhala ndi mawanga achikasu osowa. Mtundu wa mbalame wamkulu umasiyanasiyana:
- Gawo lakumtunda kuyambira kumutu mpaka kumapeto kwa mchira ndi lobiliwira bulauni;
- Mimba ndi yoyera, malire a bere ndi amtundu umodzi;
- Mphumi, mbali, pakhosi ndi chifuwa ndi zofiira.
Mtunduwo ndi wofanana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, mwa akazi ndi wochepa kwambiri. Okalamba amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yawo yowala. Mlomo ndi wakuda, miyendo ndi yofiirira. Maso pa Zipamba za mbalame chachikulu, chakuda.
Maganizo ake kwa anthu ndikuyimba kwa phwiti
Kuimba ndi mtundu wapadera wa mbalamezi. Ma "konsati" ammawa amaimbidwa ndi amuna, olowa pambuyo poyambiranso wakuda, nthawi yomweyo ndi blackbird. Amatha kupitilizabe kulira ngakhale madzulo - amatha kumveka m'mapaki madzulo. Amuna, "set of notes" ndiosiyana kwambiri ndi akazi, makamaka munthawi yoswana. Nyimbo yawo imawerengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa nyimbo zokongola kwambiri, m'nyengo yozizira afisi a amuna ndi akazi onse amayimba.
Mverani mawu a phwiti
Mbalame yoimba imakhala ndi ubale wabwino ndi anthu - imatha kudyetsa ngakhale ndi manja. Nthawi zambiri, mbalamezi zimayima m'malo omwe nthaka ikukumba - m'nthaka yolimba amatha kupeza zokoma ngati mphutsi ndi kafadala. M'nyengo yozizira, amatha kuwuluka kupita kunyumba kwa anthu kukafunafuna kutentha. Amatha kuyandikira pafupi ndi magwero achilengedwe, ndikupereka mwayi wosirira nthenga zawo zachilendo.
Ngakhale amakhala ochezeka, samakumana nawo nthawi zambiri kunja kwa mzinda. Malo okonzedwa bwino siabwino kwa iwo kuyikira mazira, amakonda "zinyalala" zachilengedwe - m'nkhalango mutha kuwona mbalame zokongola, zimakonda zitsa zokhala ndi moss ndi undergrowth. Ndipo mulimonsemo mbalameyi sidzakhazikika m'nkhalango zowala bwino komanso zowala bwino.
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Malo a phwiti ndi ochulukirapo - gombe la North Sea, Morocco komanso North-West Africa. Kumpoto, amakhala ku Finland ndi Scandinavia, kuphatikiza Western Eurasia. Ku Russia mverani kuyimba phwiti zotheka pamsewu wapakatikati, komanso osati m'nkhalango zokha.
Mbalameyi imasankha nkhalango zowirira - imakonda kwambiri nkhalango za hazel ndi alder. Amatha kuwonanso m'minda yodzaza ndi mapaki, ndipo amayesetsa kupewa minda ya paini yodzala ndi dzuwa.
Zaryanka saopa anthu ndipo amatha kukhala pafupi ndi nyumba.
Saopa anthu, chifukwa chake amakhazikika m'minda ngati angawakonde. Amakonda malo okhala ndi chinyezi chambiri - malo oyandikira malo, mwachitsanzo.
Ndi mbalame zina phwiti amakhala Pamodzi ndizoyipa, nthawi zambiri zimakonzekera nkhondo pamalo abwino. Amuna amatha kumenyera okha kufuna malo, ndipo kuchuluka kwaimfa mwa iwo ndikokwera - mpaka 10%. Akuluakulu amakonda kukhala kwayokha atagawana gawolo; samayanjana ngakhale ndi mitundu yawo. Akasamukira kumwera, amabwerera kumalo awo akale.
Robin amakonda kuchita masana, nthawi zina amatha kupezeka usiku pafupi ndi magetsi opangira. Ngakhale amafanana ndi ena am'banja lake, mbalameyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi zizolowezi zawo: imayenda ndimayendedwe owuma, nthawi zambiri imatsamira patsogolo. Amakonda kukhala panthambi zapansi, mosiyana ndi mbalame zambiri zapakatikati.
Chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19, zoyesayesa zowonjezeretsa mitundu iyi m'maiko angapo - New Zealand, Australia ndi America. Komabe, phwiti sanakhazikike m'malo atsopano, chifukwa chotheka chinali kufunika kosamuka pachaka, chifukwa phwiti ndi wa mbalame zosamuka.
Ndege zimapangidwa kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira ndipo ndi ena mwa oyamba kubwerera mchaka - nthenga zowirira zimalola mbalame kupirira kutentha pang'ono. Kubwerera kudziko lakwawo kumapeto kwa Marichi - koyambirira kwa Epulo, nthawi yomweyo amuna amayamba kuimba, kutsegula nyengo yobereketsa. Kulira kumeneku kumafika pakatikati pake pakati pa mwezi wachiwiri wa masika, chifukwa kale mu Meyi anapiye oyamba amawonekera.
Zakudya zabwino
Tizilombo ndi maziko a chakudya; mphutsi zawo ndizoyeneranso. Amphaka amasangalalanso kudya akangaude, nyongolotsi komanso mollusks (nkhono) mosangalala. Pakatikati mwa chilimwe, zipatsozo zikakhwima, zimaphatikizira "mchere" pachakudya: mu Ogasiti amatola mabulosi abulu ndi zipatso zamabuluu, ndipo nthawi yophukira amasinthana ndi phulusa lamapiri, amadya mbewu ndi ma elderberries.
Masika, pomwe chakudya sichimapezeka, chakudya cha nyama - kafadala, nyerere, ndi zina zopanda mafupa - ndizofunikira pakudya. Monga otsatirawa kuchokera malongosoledwe a phwiti, sakonda kuuluka kwambiri, choncho amafunafuna chakudya m'nthaka komanso pansi pake pa mitengo. Pali mitundu yambiri yazirombo zomwe mbalamezi zimadya, sizimasiyana pankhaniyi.
Chakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, nthawi zambiri amauluka kupita kumalo omwera pafupi ndi nyumba za anthu, amatha kumenya nkhondo pafupi ndi "buffet". Ndiwodzichepetsa pankhaniyi, khalani ndi malingaliro abwino odyetsa zosakaniza. Chakudya chofewa ndicho choyambirira; amakonda kudya kwambiri komanso pafupipafupi.
Komabe, njira yodyetsera iyi siimakhala yabwino nthawi zonse kwa iwo - miyendo yawo siyimasinthidwa kuti ingomamatira m'mbali mwa odyetsa. Mawindo ambiri kapena ma pallets omasuka mumapangidwewo ndiabwino kwa iwo. Kapenanso, mutha kungowaza chakudya poyera.
Mukaphunzitsa phwiti kuti adye pafupi ndi nyumba, m'mawa mutha kusangalala ndi kuyimba kwake mwakachetechete, koma mosangalatsa. Makamaka anthu olumikizana nawo amatha kulola kuti azisisitidwa, osangalala m'manja mwa munthu mosangalala.
M'chilimwe, nthawi zambiri amauluka kupita kwa wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa, kufunafuna mbewu, mavuvi ndi tizilombo tina tosafunikira pakufesa. Chifukwa chake, zimathandizanso pang'ono kukulitsa zokolola. Mbalamezi ndizodziwika kwambiri ku England, komwe, malinga ndi magwero ena, amadziwika kuti ndi mbalame yadziko lonse. Chifukwa cha mtundu wake wowala, adapatsidwanso mutu wa chizindikiro cha Khrisimasi.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Amuna satenga nawo mbali pakulera anapiye, komabe, amafika kumalo obisalira asanakwane akazi - koyambirira kwa masika. Amayi amabwerera pafupi ndi Meyi, nthawi yomweyo amapita kukaikira mazira. Malowa amasankhidwa pafupi ndi nthaka, pansi pazitsamba zowuma kapena ziphuphu zakale.
Amayesetsa kuikira mazira pamalo omwe anthu sangayang'ane mosavuta. Izi zikufotokozera kusakonda kwawo malo owala owala. Mitengo yong'ambika ya mitengo ndi tchire ndizoyenera. Nthawi zambiri kutalika kwa chisa sichipitilira masentimita asanu, ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi masentimita 7-9.
Kuchokera pamwamba chisa cha phwiti imayesa kuphimba, koma mkati mwake imaphimba ndi udzu ndi masamba. Gawo lokhalalo ndilolimba, koma lofunda komanso lofewa. Mbali yakunja imapangidwa ndi masamba a chaka chatha, pomwe mkati mwake mumakhala zinthu zosiyanasiyana:
- Mizu ndi zimayambira
- Moss,
- Ubweya, tsitsi ndi nthenga
- Masamba ouma (ngati mphako wokulirapo wasankhidwa ngati malo oti apange chisa).
Clutch imodzi imatha kukhala ndi mazira 5-7 (4 kapena 8 amawerengedwa kuti ndi ochepa), kuchuluka kwakukulu kumalumikizidwa ndi kufa kwambiri pakati pa anapiye. Chipolopolocho ndi chowala kwambiri ndi mawanga dzimbiri komanso zofiirira. Kutalika kwa nthawi yosamalitsa sikupitilira masiku 14, azimayi okha ndiwo amawombera, mnzake nthawi zina amatha kumubweretsera chakudya.
Anapiye achinyamata amakhala ndi nthenga zofewa
Anawo atabadwa, makolo amayamba kudyetsa kwambiri - mpaka 14 pa ola limodzi kuti adye. Imagwira kwambiri m'mawa, masana komanso usiku. Pakutha kwamasabata awiri, anapiye, asanaphunzire kuuluka, amasiya chisa, kubisala mu zomera zowirira.
Ngati ndi kotheka, abambo amawadyetsa, pomwe akazi amapitiliza kumanga chisa chatsopano - mbalamezi nthawi zambiri zimapanga makola awiri pachaka. Yoyamba ili kumapeto kwa masika, ndipo yachiwiri ili pafupi ndi Julayi. Pakutha masabata atatu amoyo anapiye afisi ndege yabwino ndipo ili ndi nthenga, kuyambira moyo wodziyimira pawokha. Ana achiwiri amaliza kusasitsa kwawo koyambirira kwa Ogasiti.
Ngakhale amafa kwambiri anapiye, moyo wa mbalameyi ndi wautali ndipo ukhoza kufikira zaka 10. Mbiri yomwe yalembedwa ndi zaka 19. Komabe, kutalika kwa moyo, kuphatikiza zotayika ali aang'ono, ndi zaka 2-3. Ntchito yovuta kwambiri kwa anapiye ndikupulumuka mpaka atakwanitsa chaka chimodzi.
Ma Robins ndi mbalame zokongola komanso zoyimba zomwe sizimachita mantha kucheza ndi anthu. Amadziwika ndi nthenga zawo zowala komanso maso akulu a mkanda, omwe amapatsa mbalameyo chidwi chofuna kudziwa zambiri.
Kuyimba kwawo kumatchulidwanso, komwe kumamveka nthawi iliyonse masana, kupatula masana. Amatha kuwonedwa osati nyama zakutchire zokha, komanso m'midzi - phwiti nthawi zambiri amakhala m'malo opaka nyama.
