Vulture wa Ruppel akuuluka pamalire a 11,300 mita. Iyi ndi mbalame zouluka kwambiri. Komabe, khosi la Ruppel lotchedwa dzina la katswiri wa zinyama waku Germany silimangosamuka. Yemwe ali ndi nthenga amakhala, ngakhale kumpoto kwa kontrakitala, koma ku Africa. Palibe chifukwa choti "muthamangire" kuzizira.
Ndi kwa iwo kumene mbalame zonse zosamukira zimabisala. Ena a iwo amawopa chisanu chomwe. Ena sangadye pakalibe tizilombo. Pakati pa mbalame zosamuka, mwa njira, palinso akatswiri okwera ndege. Ziweto zina zimakhala pansi ndipo sizikuwoneka.
Grane Kireni
Nthawi zambiri mbalame zosamuka khalani pamalo okwera pafupifupi mita 1500. Nthawi ndi nthawi, cranes amatera kwinaku akupumula. Mwa mbalame zouluka, mbalame zaimvi ndi zachiwiri zazikulu kwambiri.
Malo oyamba amagawidwa ndi swan, condor, albatross. Utatu uliwonse ukuwonjezeka pafupifupi ma 15 kilos. Kulemera kwa crane imvi ikuyandikira makilogalamu 13.
Ma Himalaya amayimilira panjira yothamanga kwa cranes imvi. Sangathe kudumpha pamtunda wamamita 1500. Apa ma cranes akukwera makilomita 10.5. Crane imvi adatchulidwa mu International Red Book.
Kukula kwa chiwerengero cha anthu "kudagwetsedwa" ndi zochitika zachuma zomwe anthu amachita. Mbalame zimamwalira ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, komanso osapeza malo okhala, chifukwa madambo, okondedwa ndi cranes, amatayika.
Goose wamapiri
Ikupeza pafupifupi makilomita 9 kutalika. Chifukwa chake nthengayo idutsa Phiri la Everest. Mpweya pamwamba pake ndi wowonda. Choncho, tsekwe wamapiri ali ndi mapapo ambiri. Amakulirapo 2 kuposa atsekwe ena. Kunja, tsekwe wamapiri amasiyana ndi abale ake ndi mikwingwirima iwiri yakuda yomwe imathamanga kuchokera kumaso mpaka kumbuyo kwa mutu.
Mutu womwewo ndi woyera. Pali nthenga zofiirira m'khosi ndi pachifuwa. Thupi la mbalameyi ndi lotuwa kwambiri. Atsekwe a mapiri padziko lapansi ali pafupifupi anthu 15 zikwi. Chifukwa chake, mitunduyo idapatsidwa udindo wosamalira.
Whooper swan
Pakati pa swans, ndiye yochuluka kwambiri komanso imodzi mwazikulu kwambiri. Mbalameyi imalemera makilogalamu 13. Nthawi yomweyo, chinsombacho chikukwera kumwamba kufika mamita 8300. Whooper swan ndi yoyera kwambiri. Choyera kwathunthu ndi tundra swan, koma ndi yaying'ono. Palinso mbalame zakuda kwathunthu, zokhala ndi khosi lakuda,
Osati mahule onse amauluka kumwera m'nyengo yozizira. Mbalame zimatsalira ngati pali chakudya chokwanira komanso kutentha. Chifukwa chake, moyo wongokhala nthawi zambiri umatsogozedwa ndi ma swans omwe amakhala pafupi ndi malo opangira magetsi. Pali matupi amadzi omwe amakhala ofunda chaka chonse.
Mallard
Bakha uyu amakonda kukhala nthawi yayitali ku Spain. Ma mallard ena, monga swin pinch, amangokhala ngati zinthu zilola. M'mizinda m'mitsinje yotsekedwa ndi malo opangira magetsi, abakha amadyetsedwa, ndipo m'madzi ofunda mumakhala nsomba zokwanira, nkhanu, ndere.
Ndege, mallard imakwera mamita 6.5 zikwi. Khosi losinthasintha limathandiza kuwuluka. Ili ndi ma vertebrae 25. Chosira chili ndi zocheperapo kawiri.
Chokhotakhota
Kutalika kwa makilomita 6.1 kumugonjetsa paulendo wapaulendo. Chingwecho chimayenda makilomita 11,000 osafikira. Imeneyi ndi njira yopita kunyanja ya Pacific. Breech imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 300. Ndi mafuta ochepa komanso oyaka mafuta poyendetsa, mbalame sayenera kuwuluka makilomita 11,000 osafikira.
Uku ndikufa. Chofukizira chimadutsa, kumasula matumbo ndege isananyamuke. Pakati pake, ziwalo zam'mimba zimawonongeka. Ubwino ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi. Kwa ola limodzi louluka, mbalameyi imangotsika ndi 0,40% yolemera thupi. Mbalame zambiri zazing'ono zimasiya 1.5-2%.
Kupanikizika kwa thupi kumathandizira kuti ndege izitha kuwuluka nthawi yayitali. Asayansi akafufuza kutalika kwa mbalame, zotumiza zimayikidwa muwiri mwa akazi, ndipo amuna amangogwirizira ndi matupi awo. Amunawo adamwalira paulendo wapaulendo. Ma transmitter achepetsa ma aerodynamics azitsulo zopangira ndege.
Dokowe woyera
Njira zosunthira mbalame Tambasula pakati pa Europe, Asia ndi Africa. Kumapeto kwake, mbalame zimabisala. Ndege, dokowe amakwera makilomita 4,9 zikwi. Mbalame zimayenda mu gulu. Iliyonse ili ndi anthu pafupifupi 1 chikwi. Kuphatikiza pa dokowe woyera, pali mitundu ina 6. Sikuti onse amasamukira kwawo. Mwachitsanzo, mbalame yotchedwa marabou imangokhala.
Mbalame Yanyimbo
Simasiyana pamitunda yandege, koma imathamanga kwambiri - mpaka 24 mita pamphindikati. Mbalame yanyimbo ndi ya wopita, motero, ndiyochepa. Kutalika kwa thupi la mbalame sikupitirira masentimita 28. Kulemera kwake kuli pafupifupi magalamu 50.
Kunja, mbalame yanyimbo imasiyanitsidwa ndi nthenga zaimvi, m'mphepete mwamapiko, makona amakona anayi, miyendo yayifupi ndi milomo. Maso a nthenga nawonso amakhala pambali pamutu. Chifukwa chake, pofunafuna chakudya, thrush sichikutsogolera patsogolo, koma kumbali.
Robin
Mbalame zosamuka zimauluka kutalika kwa kilomita kudzipatula kokongola. Ma Robins samayendayenda pagulu. Komabe, pansi, mbalame zimasunganso chimodzichimodzi. Phwiti ndi wocheperapo kuposa mpheta, ndi wa mbalame zakuda. Mbalameyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi maso akuda ndi milomo yakuda. Zipatso za azitona. Chifuwa ndi mbali yakutsogolo ndizofiira.
Ma Robins amapezeka m'mizinda chifukwa samaopa anthu. Komabe, mbalame sizimaweta bwino. Chifukwa chake, pogulitsa malobolo oyimbira mokweza, ofanana ndi ma nightingales, sapezeka.
Oriole
Imawulukira kumtunda pafupifupi pafupifupi kilomita. Mu ola limodzi, Oriole imagonjetsa makilomita 40-45. Kuphatikiza pa kuthamanga, kuwuluka kumasiyana ndi mawonekedwe oyenda. Kukula kwa oriole ndikokulirapo pang'ono kuposa nyenyezi. Komabe, mbalameyi imawonekera patali, chifukwa imakhala ndi mitundu yowala kwambiri.
Pali mitundu yonse ya ivolog kwathunthu komanso pang'ono. Mtundu wake ndi wagolide, wokhutira.Mbalame zosamukira m'dzinja pitani kuchokera ku Europe kupita ku Africa. Kumeneku mbalame zimayima kumapeto kwenikweni kwa Sahara.
Hatchi yamtchire
Mbalame iyi ya 15 cm sipezeka pamitengo yokha. M'madera ofunda, ma skate amakhala chete. Anthu ena onse akusamuka. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 40 yamasamba oundana m'chilengedwe.
Kusiyana pakati pawo ndikofooka. Nthawi zina, ngakhale oyang'anira mbalame amasokonezeka pa tanthauzo la mbalame. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa ma skate kumawonekeranso. Mwachidziwikire, mtundu uliwonse wamtunduwu uli ndi mayimbidwe apadera. Ma skate amatsimikiza ndi izo. Ndiwo okha omwe samaimba kawirikawiri akamapempha.
Lark
Gulu la mbalame zosamuka amasunga pamtunda wa mamita 1900. Ndegeyo ndiyothamanga. Amathandizira kapangidwe ka thupi. Makungwa ali ndi mchira waufupi, ndipo mapiko a mbalame ya magalamu 70 ndi akulu, akusesa. Nthenga za khungwi zimatsanzira mtundu wa nthaka. M'madera a chernozem, mbalame zimakhala mdima, ndipo zowumba, zimakhala zofiira.
Izi zimakuthandizani kubisala mukasaka chakudya pansi. Lark ndi ena mwa oyamba kubwerera kuchokera kumayiko ofunda, kulengeza zakubwera kwa masika. M'nyengo yotentha, mbalame zimafika kumapeto kwa February.
Kupukuta
Imawuluka pansi, koma imasiyanitsidwa ndi kayendedwe kake kakuyenda. Chifukwa chake, osaka samakonda kuwombera zolakwika. Mbalamezi zimachoka pamphotowo. Mapapuwa ndi mitundu yoposa 20. Ndiwo banja lodzipereka. Mwa abale, zolakwitsa ndizazikulu kwambiri.
Ku Russia, mwachitsanzo, ana a nkhumba amataya zisa pafupifupi masentimita 30 m'litali. Mbalameyi imalemera magalamu 250-330. Zowonongeka zambiri zimakhala ndi mitu pamitu yawo. Kupatula mawonekedwe a msirikali. Oimira akewo ndi akulu kwambiri, olemera magalamu 450.
Kumeza
Kumeza ndi yankho lina ku funsoli mbalame zomwe zimasamukira kwina... Ziweto zimasunthira kumwera kumtunda pafupifupi 4 zikwi mita. Komabe, mbalamezi sizimasiyana liwiro; sizikuposa ma kilomita 10 pa ola limodzi. Swallows ndi mbalame zodutsa. Dzina la nthenga limachokera ku Chisilavo wamba "womaliza". Mneniyo amatanthauza kuyendetsa ndege mopita kutsogolo ndi kutsogolo.
Pali mitundu inayi ya akameza. Nthenga zakuda zimatulutsa zofiirira. Kumeza woumbika ndi wamtundu wofiirira wokhala ndi mimba yoyera, bere, zidutswa pakhosi ndi kumutu.
Mbalame za Rustic zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kumbuyo kwawo ndi mapiko akuda. Pamimba pamakhala papinki. Oimira mitundu yamatawuni ndi ofanana ndi akumidzi, koma ndi bere loyera.
Chidziwitso cha nkhalango
Iyi ndi mbalame yodutsa, imalemera magalamu 25, ndi yosawoneka bwino. Accentor imalakwitsa chifukwa cha warbler, nkhalango ya nkhalango, warbler, lark ndi mpheta yomweyo. Kawirikawiri akatswiri odziwa za mbalame amatha kudziwa mitunduyo.
Accentor imakana kukwera ndege, kukhala m'malo ofunda komanso otentha. Mbalame zamtunduwu zasintha kusintha zakudya za chilimwe kuchokera ku tizilombo kupita m'nyengo yachisanu kuchokera kuzomera, zipatso, ndi mtedza. Kuperewera kwa chakudya chomera m'nyengo yozizira kumawonedwa kokha kumpoto. Kuchokera pamenepo, Accentor amathamangira kumwera.
Wothamanga wakuda
Sikuti amangosamukira kumayiko ena, komanso wowuluka kwambiri, sangakhale pansi zaka 4. Mapiko osagwirizana mthupi amathandizira. Kutalika kwawo ndi masentimita 40. Kutalika kwa thupi lakuda msanga sikupitilira masentimita 18.
Ma swifti a magalamu makumi asanu amasiyana osati mapiko okha, komanso chiyembekezo cha moyo. Nyenyeswa nthawi zambiri zimachoka m'zaka khumi. Kwa mbalame zazing'ono, uwu ndi malire a moyo wautali.
Wren
Ndi imodzi mwa mbalame zazing'ono kwambiri padziko lapansi. Pachanja, ampikisano amapikisana ndi mbalame za hummingbird, mafumu. Kutalika kwa wren sikupitilira masentimita 12, kumalemera pafupifupi magalamu 10. Kunja, mbalameyi ndi damu, lozungulira, ndi khosi lalifupi.
Pali mitundu ingapo yama wrens. M'madera ofunda, mbalame zimakhala chaka chonse. Komabe, nthawi zina si nyengo yomwe imasokoneza moyo. Umu ndi m'mene New Zealand wren idasowa. M'madera omwe amakhala, makamaka, chilumba cha Stephens, kunalibe olanda malo.
Nyumba yowunikira idamangidwanso. Wosamalira anaikidwa kumeneko. Munthuyo anabweretsa mphaka wotchedwa Tibbles. Mphaka yekhayo adapha anthu onse ku New Zealand wren. Tsopano malingaliro awa akhoza kuwonedwa muzithunzi ndi zojambula.
Kupanga bango
Amatchedwanso bango. Ndi zophweka kwa mbalame zazitali masentimita khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi zokhala ndi mtundu wa bulauni-motley kubisala pakati pa mabango. Oatmeal ya bango imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 15. Maulendo ataliatali okhala ndi misa ngati imeneyi ndi ovuta. Chifukwa chake, nyengo ikuloleza, kubetcherana kumangokhala.
M'nyengo yozizira akakakamizidwa, mbalame zimayendayenda, kutanthauza kuti zimadutsa m'dera lomwelo, dziko. Gawo limodzi lokha lokhala ndi ma buntunt omwe amasamukira kumayiko ena, kupita kumayiko ena, kumayiko ena.
Khalintukh
Iyi ndi njiwa yakutchire. Ali ndi chiuno chakuda. Mwa ichi, clintuch amasiyana ndi bulauni, nkhunda. Amakonda kukhala m'malo athyathyathya. Ma Klintukhs amapezeka kwambiri kumapiri, kutali ndi anthu.
Pakati paulendo, ma clintuchs amakhala mgulu, nthawi zambiri koma mwamphamvu amaphatika mapiko awo, amayenda liwiro la makilomita 30 pa ola limodzi.
Kutsiriza
Osati onse mbalame zosamuka zikuyenda ulendo wautali... Ena mwa anthu omwe amakhala kumapeto kwake amakhala pansi. Makamaka, mbalame zimakhala chaka chonse kumapiri a Caucasus. Ngati mbalamezi zimauluka nthawi yozizira, sizipita ku Africa, koma ku Europe. Kumeneko mbalame zimakopeka ndi dera la Mediterranean.
Mbalame yotchedwa finch ndi mbalame yokongola kwambiri, yofanana kukula kwake ndi mpheta. Mtundu wa mutu ndi khosi la nthenga ndi wabuluu-wabuluu. Mphumi ndi mchira wa finch ndi wakuda. Chifuwa, mmero ndi masaya ndi red-burgundy. Zilonda zam'madzi zisanafike kumtunda. Mitundu imatha. Mbalamezi zimakhala zofiirira m'nyengo yozizira.
Lumikizani
Zimatanthauza zokonda. Ndi mtundu. Banja la olipira lili ndi tayi. Pakati pawo, nthengayo imaonekera ndi milozo yakuda pakhosi. Chizindikirocho chikufanana ndi tayi. Mphumi, pakhosi, bere, mkati ndi m'mimba mwa tayi ndi zoyera.
Nthenga zonsezo ndizosuta. Milomo ndi miyendo ya tayi ndi yachikaso, koma imazimiririka kumalire ofunda. Mitundu ya nthenga imazimiririka. Masaya, makamaka, amakhala abulauni ndipo kumbuyo kumakhala mdima.
Zamgululi
Uyu ndiye nthumwi yayikulu ya mbalame zakuda. Mbalameyi ili ndi mutu wakuda ndi mchira wakumtunda. Kumbuyo kwa nthenga kumakhala kofiirira. Mchira wakumunda wakuda. Mukuuluka, mikondo yoyera imawonekera pamunda. Mbalame zimawonetsa, zikuyenda kumpoto kwa Africa, Asia Minor m'nyengo yozizira.
Redstart
Mbalame yamasentimita fifitini ya dongosolo lopitilira ili ndi subspecies zambiri. Ku Russia, pali 3: Siberia, chernushka ndi dimba. Otsatirawa amakonda mitengo yodula yokhala ndi maenje. Kumbali yofiira ku Siberia, imakonda kukhazikika m'nkhalango za coniferous. Nigella imakopa kupita kumapiri.
Mbalameyi imatchedwa redstart chifukwa ili ndi mchira wofiira lalanje. Mimba, chifuwa ndi mbali zonse zimakhala ndi utoto wofananira naye, ndipo thupi lakumwamba ndi lotuwa ndi zipsera zofiirira ndi zoyera. M'dzinja, nyenyezi zoyambilira zimakhamukira ku Africa ndi zilumba za Arabia. Kumeneko mbalame zimapeza tizilombo - chakudya chawo.
Nightingale
Mbalameyi ndi yofiirira mofanana, kukula kwake kwa mpheta. Kuyimba kwa melodic kumawonjezera kukongola. Simungamve m'nyengo yozizira - ma nightingles akuuluka kumwera. Ma Nightingales amafika nthawi yamasamba oyamba.
Mbalame zake zimayenda limodzi ndi usana ndi usiku. Dzuwa likamaloĊµa, phokoso la nkhalangoyi limachepa. Chifukwa chake, kuyimba kwa nightingale kumamveka bwino kwambiri.
Wankhondo
Chombocho chimakhala chaching'ono kuposa mpheta. Kutalika kwa thupi la mbalame sikupitirira masentimita 13. Mapiko ake ndi masentimita 17. Nthenga za mbalameyi ndi mchenga wabulauni, m'malo oponyera azitona. Mbalame yotchedwa warbler imadziwikanso ndi mlomo woonda, wa chithokomiro. Yakuda ngati mapiko a nthenga.
Wryneck, PA
Zimatanthauza opangira matabwa. Ambiri a iwo amakung'uza mabowo mumitengo kuti apange mazira. Chombocho chimagwiritsa ntchito mabowo obadwa nawo. Khosi lili ndi khosi lalitali komanso losinthasintha. Amangoyendayenda.
Chifukwa chake dzina la mbalame. Amatembenuza khosi lake, kufunafuna tizilombo ndikudzitchinjiriza. Nthawi yomweyo, adani amasokoneza nthenga ndi njoka. Kuti izi zitheke, turntable adaphunzira kuyimba.
Chotupa
Zosakaniza - mbalame zakuda zosamuka... Amachokera kubanja la abusa, amakhala moyo wam'madzi. Pamwamba pakamwa pamamera pachikopa. Mulibe nthenga. Zimapezeka kuti mbalameyi ili ndi dazi pamphumi. Chifukwa chake dzina la mitunduyo.
Kukula kwa chikopa cha timatumba tating'onoting'ono ndikofiira. Mbalame zazikulu, mapangidwe amasanduka oyera. Nthawi yomweyo, khungu lamaso limakhalabe lofiira.
Kutalika kwa coot kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 40. Mbalameyi imalemera makilogalamu 0,5. Nthawi zina zimapezeka kilogalamu imodzi ndi theka. Khola limapita kumadera ofunda pambuyo pa chisanu choyamba. Ice pamadzi limakhala "kukankha" kuti liuluke. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuwedza, kudya ndere.
Tern
Ili ndi mlomo wowala wa lalanje ndi miyendo. Tern ili ndi chipewa chakuda pamutu pake. Pansi pake pali nthenga zoyera, zopita kumchira mumvi. Utali wa tern ndi pafupifupi masentimita 30. Mbalameyi imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 130.
Terns amakhala m'madzi amkati. Mbalame zimayenda makilomita 100 kuchokera kunyanja. Awa ndi pafupifupi makilomita 182.
Cuckoo
Imeneyi imasamukiranso. Chifukwa chake, ndi funso lodziwika bwino, mutha kutembenukira ku cuckoo kokha munthawi yotentha. Kenako mbalame zimapita ku Africa, ku Arabia Peninsula, ku Indonesia, Indochina, ku Ceylon.
Kutalika kwa kuwuluka kwa cuckoo kumasiyana pakati pa usiku ndi usana. Masana, mbalamezo zimakhala pamtunda wa mamita mazana angapo kuchokera pansi. Ndikosavuta kupeza chakudya pano. Usiku, nkhaka zimauluka pamtunda wa kilomita imodzi.
Ma cuckoos samaima m'njira. Malowa amasankhidwa kutengera malo okhala chilimwe. Chifukwa chake kuchokera ku Europe, nkhaka zimakonda kusamukira ku Africa. Mbalame zakum'mawa zimawulukira ku Asia.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mbalame zoyambirira zosamuka kuchoka m'nyumba zawo. Ndiye iwo omwe amadya zitsamba zatsopano, mbewu, zipatso zimauluka. Mbalame zam'madzi ndizomaliza kuchoka. Palinso kukula kwanthawi zonse. Mbalame zazikuluzikulu zimakhala m'malo obisalira nthawi yayitali. Mbalame zazing'ono zimauluka kumwera ndi masiku oyamba a nthawi yophukira.
