M'kumvetsetsa kotchuka komanso kwasayansi, lingaliro la "chithaphwi" ndilofala. Ngati mutsatira kalata yamabuku, payenera kukhala peat masentimita opitilira 30. Ili ndi dzina la thanthwe lotayirira lazachilengedwe. M'malo mwake, awa ndi ma moss owola pang'ono ndi zotsalira zina. Pamwamba pawo pali madzi. Chifukwa chake kumakhala dambo.
Amakhala 2% yadziko lapansi. Koma pali madambo ambiri, pomwe peat wosanjikiza ndi masentimita 30. Ku South America, mwachitsanzo, iwo amakhala 70% kumtunda. N'zosadabwitsa kuti mitundu yambirimbiri ya mbalame imakhala m'madambo momwe amaonera. Pali zochulukirapo 2.5 kuposa momwe zimapezekera m'nkhalango.
Mbalamezi zimakhala ndi malo ogona ndipo, koposa zonse, zimabisala zisa zawo. Gwero la madzi abwino a mbalame ndilofunikanso. Kuphatikiza apo, madambo amabisa chakudya, kaya ndi tizilombo, achule, nsomba kapena zomera. Chifukwa chake, ndi nthawi yodziwana ndi mbalame zam'madzi.
Mkate
Monga mbalame zonse zam'madzi, imakhala ndi miyendo, khosi ndi mulomo. Kutalika kwawo kumathandiza kuyendayenda m'madzi, kumiza mutu m'menemo, ndikugwira chakudya mumtsinjewo.
Mlomo wa bulediwo ndi wokhotakhota wooneka ngati arc. Izi ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi mbalameyi. Kutalika kwa mulomo wake kumafika masentimita 12.
Zakudya mwadongosolo - mbalame zam'madziza dongosolo la ibis. Imaphatikizidwa ndi banja la dokowe.
Kukula kwa buledi ndikokulirapo pang'ono kuposa khwangwala. Nthenga za mbalameyi ndi mabokosi kuyambira mutu mpaka pakati pa thupi komanso zofiirira mpaka mchira. Kuwala kumawululira chitsulo chachitsulo, kusefukira kwamtundu wobiriwira, wakuda, wabuluu.
Kugawidwa kwa nkhumba ndi yayikulu. Oimira mitunduyo sapezeka pamitengo yokha. Mbalame zikukhazikika m'malo otentha, zosamukasamuka. Nkhumba zina zimakhala pansi.
Msuzi wofiira
Apo ayi amatchedwa mfumu. Mbalameyi imalemera kuposa ma kilogalamu 1.4. Izi ndizotalika mita ndi 90 cm kutalika kwa thupi.
Chitsamba chofiira chofiira chimafanana ndi dzinali ndi utoto wa nthenga yomwe ili pachifuwa ndi pamimba. Pamwamba pa mbalameyi ndi imvi-buluu.
Maluwa ofiira amakhala ku Asia, Europe ndi Africa. Mbalamezi zimauluka pakati pawo, ndikupinda makosi awo ngati mawonekedwe a English S.
Oimira machitidwe amtunduwu amadziwika ndi mantha. Mphalapala amachoka pamalo ake, kukaona mlendo ngakhale ali patali bwino.
Msuzi wachitsamba
Thupi lake limakhala mita imodzi, ndipo kutalika kwake kumapitilira masentimita 100. Makumi anayi ndi anayi a iwo ali pamlomo. Chiwombankhanga chala chapakati chimatalikiranso mwa mitundu ya mitunduyo. Pa mwendo uliwonse wa nyerere imvi pali zala 4, chimodzi mwazobwezedwa.
Unyinji wa nyerere yakuda imafika ma kilogalamu awiri. Kukula kwake, kochititsa chidwi kwa mbalame, sizimapangitsa nthenga kukhala yolimba. Ankhandwe akhungu ndi amanyazi ngati nsungu zofiira. Mantha amapangitsa mbalame kusiya zisa zawo, nthawi zina ndi anapiye omwe aswedwa kale.
Kujambula chitsamba choyera cha phulusa. Pali madera pafupifupi azungu. Mlomo wa mbalameyi ndi wofiira wachikasu.
Heron
Kwa nswala, msuzi wa usiku amakhala ndi khosi lalifupi. Palibe chifukwa chodumphira m'madzi. Heron wasintha kuti akope nyama. Mbalameyi imadziponyera yokha kapena tizilombo m'madzi. Usiku nsombazi ndi yokwanira panthawi yomwe imagwira nyambo.
Usiku miyendo ya nyerere ifupikitsidwanso. Koma zala za mbalame, m'malo mwake, ndizitali komanso zolimba. Nthawi zambiri amalanda nthambi zamadambo ndi tchire.
Mlomo wa chinyama cham'madzi ndi chachikulu komanso chachifupi.
Chosangalatsa cha chinyama chausiku ndi njira yogwirira nyama ndi nyambo
Msuzi wabuluu
Zimachitika zazing'ono ndi zazikulu, zimawoneka ngati imvi, koma mtundu wabuluu umapambana. Pamutu pake, nthenga amaponyedwa burgundy. Miyendo ndi mulomo wa mbalameyi ndi imvi.
Kapangidwe ka mbalameyi kali ngati kachilombo koyera. Anapiye amtundu wabuluu ali ngati iye, chifukwa amabadwa oyera ndi mapiko akuda.
Heron wabuluu amapezeka ku Central ndi South America. Kumeneku, mbalamezi zimakhala m'mitengo. Ambiri amasankha zomera pafupi ndi gombe la nyanja, koma palinso madambo ambiri.
Snipe
Amakhala m'madambo, chifukwa m'nthaka yodzaza ndi chinyezi pali mphutsi zambiri ndi zakudya zina zokoka.
Mtundu wa snipe umafanana ndi matani a udzu. Nthenga za mbalameyi ndi zofiirira-bulauni zokhala ndi mabala ambiri akuda ndi malekezero oyera. Mimba ya snipe ndi yopepuka, yokhayokha. Mitundu ya variegated imakhala ngati mtundu wobisala.
Mbalame zomwe zimakhala m'madambo amasiyana m'njira yothawira. Kuyambira mita snipe imayenda molunjika. Komanso, kayendedwe ka mbalameyo ndi kokhotakhota.
Snipe ndi mbalame yaying'ono pafupifupi 20 sentimita kutalika. Asanu ndi awiri a iwo ali ndi mlomo wowongoka komanso wowonda.
Msuzi wamphepete
Dzina lapakati ndiye woweta wamkulu. Mbalameyi imakhala m'gulu la ntchentche, imakhala ndi thupi lochepa kwambiri. Mlomo wautali, wowongoka komanso woonda wa chithaphwi umafika masentimita 12 m'litali. Zimakhazikitsidwa pamutu wawung'ono, ndipo pamakhosi otambalala.
Utali wathunthu wamatope a mchenga uli pafupi masentimita 40. Akazi amapitilira izi. Amakhalanso ndi milomo yayitali, pafupifupi 15%.
Mutu ndi khosi la bodew lalikulu ndi lalanje. Mphuno yonseyo ndi ya bulauni, ndi mizere. Pansi pamlomo pake pamakhala pinki, koma imasanduka yachikaso nthawi yokomana.
Wokokolola wam'madzi amakhala pakati ndi kumpoto kwa Eurasia, mpaka ku Far East. Mbalame zimauluka nthawi yozizira ku Europe, Tunisia ndi Algeria.
Wokonda
Amakonda malo otseguka otseguka. Malonda awo amafunidwa kumpoto kwa Europe.
Kutalika kwa thupi la mbalame sikumapitilira masentimita 30. Cholingacho chimakhala chofala pamitundu yonse 4 yamakolo. Chofala kwambiri ndi chagolide. Oimira mitunduyo amawoneka ovuta. Thupi lalikulu limanyamulidwa ndi miyendo yopyapyala. Zikuwoneka kuti adzasweka. Mutu wa cholembera chagolide chikuwoneka chaching'ono. Kusiyanitsa ndi kukula kwa thupi kukuwonekera.
Plover wagolide amatchedwa chifukwa ali ndi mizere yoyera yachikaso. Ndi ochepa komanso ambiri. Mbalame yotsalayo ndi yoyera imvi.
Kadzidzi wamfupi
Pakati pa akadzidzi, ambiri. Kukula kwa mbalameyi kumakhala kwapakatikati, kosapitilira 40 sentimita. Pankhaniyi, kulemera ndi wofanana magalamu 250-400.
Nthenga za kadzidzi wa khutu lalifupi ndizachikasu. Pali zofiirira zambiri ndipo pamakhala zidutswa zakuda zakuda. Zakuda zakuda, mwachitsanzo, mikwingwirima pachifuwa, mulomo ndi zingerere kuzungulira maso. Maso enieniwo ndi amber.
Mbalame zokhala m'madambo, zikuwoneka ngati akadzidzi a khutu lalitali. Makutu awo amapindidwa ndi nthenga zazitali. M'makutu ofupikitsa, ndi achidule kwambiri. Mitundu ina yonseyi ndi yofanana.
Kadzidzi wofupikitsa amapezeka m'makontinenti onse kupatula mitengo ndi Australia. Kuchulukaku kumathandizidwa ndi luso lowuluka. Kadzidzi wofinya mwachangu amayenda mosavuta pamwamba pa nyanja. Chifukwa chake, oimira mitunduyo amapezeka ku Hawaii ndi ku Galapagos.
Dokowe
Imabwera yoyera komanso yakuda. Mitundu yonse iwiri imakhala m'madambo, posankha pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu. Dokowe woyera amakhala ndi nthenga zakuda kumbuyo kwa thupi. Oimira mitundu yakuda ali ndi mimba yoyera. Mlomo wa dokowe woyera ndi wakuda ndi wofiira. Miyendo ndijambulidwa mu mtundu womwewo.
Mbalame ya marabou imakhalanso kumadera akumwera kwenikweni. Mutu wake ndi wopanda kanthu. Mbalameyi imakhalanso ndi mlomo wofupikirapo komanso wakuda. Pali chikwama chachikopa pansi pake, ngati kanyama.
Marabou ndi adokowe okha amene amapinda khosi lawo pothawira. Mbalame ya Sim imafanana ndi nswala. Adokowe oyera ndi akuda amauluka ndi makosi owongoka.
Amakhala m'madambo a tundra ndi nkhalango-tundra. Izi zimapezeka ku Greenland, North America, Eurasia.
Teterev
Pali mitundu yabuluu, yaku Caucasus, yolunjika, dambo komanso grouse. Chomaliza chikhazikika m'madambo.
Nthenga za chitsamba chowawa ndi zofiirira. Pali madera oyera, mwachitsanzo, pachifuwa. Mutha kuona mbalamezi ku Canada ndi North America. Kosach ndi wofala ku Russia. Grouse yakuda iyi. Amakondanso madera onyowa, koma amakoka pang'ono kupita kumadambo.
Buluu wachikaso macaw
Mmodzi mwa mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zomwe zimakonda madambo. Mwa iwo, macaw achikasu buluu amadziwika bwino osati mtundu wokha, komanso kukula kwake. Kutalika kwa mbalameyo kumafika masentimita 90. Makumi asanu a iwo ali kumchira.
Macaw buluu wachikaso amalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu. Ndi misa yochititsa chidwi, mbalame zamtunduwu zimauluka bwino komanso mwachangu. Mapikowo amayenda pang'onopang'ono. Kubetcha kumayikidwa pa mphamvu yakugwedezeka.
Wood grouse
Amakhala m'mphepete mwa nkhalango. Apa ma grouse amtengo amapangira awiriawiri, ndikuikira mazira. Akazi okhala pawo amakhala ochepera katatu kuposa amuna. Amuna amalemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 6. Amuna amadziwikanso ndi kuwala kwa nthenga zoswana. Imanyezimira ndi kusiyanasiyana kwazitsulo zamtundu wabuluu, wobiriwira, wakuda. Palinso nthenga zofiirira komanso zoyera. Nsidze zofiira zimawonekera pamwamba pamaso.
Mayina a mbalame zam'madzi, monga ulamuliro, ndi chifukwa cha makhalidwe a mbalame. Capercaillie amatchedwa kuti kumva kwakanthawi pano. Masewera okwatirana amalepheretsa amuna kuti azimva. Zimakhudzana ndi thupi. Mphepoyi ya mbalameyi ndi yayitali kuposa khosi ndipo imakulungidwa pang'ono pambewuyo.
Lilime limalumikizidwa ndi mitsempha yayitali. Chifukwa chake, mulibe malo pang'ono pakamwa pa capercaillie. Poimba nyimbo zaukwati, voliyumu imafunikira kuti mawu amveke. Poyesetsa kuchita izi, nthenga imakoka lilime kupita kumtunda. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa pharynx kumawonjezeka, koma ngalande zamakutu ndizolumikizana.
Kunja kwa nyengo yokwatirana, ma grouse amitengo amamva bwino. Chifukwa chake, alenje amakonda kuwombera mbalame m'nyengo yokhwimitsa, kuti zizikhala zosavuta.
Marsh harrier
Iyi ndi mbalame ya banja la mphamba, yophatikizidwa mu Red Book yapadziko lonse. Izi zikugwira ntchito kuma subspecies onse 8 a Marsh Harrier. Oyimira awo amafika kutalika kwa masentimita a 45-50, amakhala ndi mlomo wosongoka komanso wopindika kumapeto, nthenga zofiirira zokhala ndi mizere yoyera. Pali utoto wakuda kumapeto kwa mapiko. Nthenga zouluka zimajambulidwa.
Chombocho chimakhala ndi nthenga ngakhale m'makutu. Ndimayendedwe achilengedwe. Nthenga zimayendetsa mafunde ndikumangoyang'ana pakati pa mabango. Mbalameyi ikavina movina mosinthana, imauluka pamwamba pa udzu. Amuna amakonza kuwunikanso maluso awo, kutsamira mwaluso, kusintha komwe akuuluka, ndikupanga zovuta zina mlengalenga.
Flamingo
Pali ma subspecies 6 a ma flamingo: wamba, ofiira, aku Chile, a James, a Andes ndi ang'ono. Yotsirizira ndi laling'ono kwambiri, lalitali kwambiri kuposa masentimita 90. Mbalameyi imalemera pafupifupi 2 kilogalamu. Yaikulu kwambiri ndi flamingo ya pinki. Imalemera 3.5 kilos. Kutalika kwa mbalameyi ndi mita 1.5.
Mitundu yokhathamiritsa ya nthenga zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma flamingo imasiyananso. Oimira mitundu ya Caribbean ndi ofiira pafupifupi. Chowala kwambiri ndi pinki flamingo. Mtundu wake, monga ma flamingo ena, umakhala chifukwa cha chakudya chake. Mitundu yofiira imakhala ndi ma crustaceans, shrimps. Kupatula iwo, ma flamingo amadya ndere ndi nsomba zazing'ono.
Utoto wochokera ku chipolopolo cha crustaceans ndi carotenoids. Amakhudzana ndi karoti karoti. Chifukwa chake, ma flamingo ambiri ndi a lalanje osati apinki.
Grane Kireni
Kuphatikiza pamadambo, amakonda madambo osefukira. Cranes zoterezi zimapezeka ku Europe. Ku Russia, mitundu ya nthenga imapezeka ku Trans-Baikal Territory.
Utoto wa crane umakwaniritsidwa ndi nthenga zakuda zouluka komanso nsonga za nthenga za mchira. Amuna ndi akazi amitundu imodzimodzi, ndipo ali ofanana kukula.
Pali malo ofiira pamutu wa Crane imvi - kapu. Pali malo pafupifupi amaliseche pamutu pake. Khungu lake kumeneko ndilofiyanso.
Kutalika, crane imvi imafika masentimita 115. Mbalameyi imalemera makilogalamu 6. Mulu wolimba wa mbalame sizimalepheretsa cranes kuti ziziuluka bwino.
Pali mitundu ingapo yama cranes. Aliyense, monga imvi, amakhala m'madambo. Kupatula ndi belladonna. Crane iyi imakhazikika m'madambo ouma.
Wankhondo
Ma warbler ndi mbalame zazing'ono zochokera kubanja la Warbler. Subpecies zam'madzi ndizofanana ndi munda ndi mabango. Kusiyanitsa kokha ndikutuluka kotchuka pamphumi. Nthenga zimakhala pamenepo mwamphamvu kuposa ma warbler ena.
Warbler anaphatikizidwa mu mbalame zam'madzi a ku Russia... Pali mbalame mpaka ku Novosibirsk. Anthu ambiri amakhala ku Europe.
Kuwombera kwakukulu
Amatanthauza snipe. Amapezeka padziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, chithunzithunzi chachikulu chimapezeka ku Eurasia kokha. Apa mbalame imasankha madambo ndi madambo osefukira ndi madzi.
Kutalika kwakukulu kwa thupi sikudutsa masentimita 30. Mbalameyi imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 200. Unyinji wa snipewo ndi wofanana. Komabe, snipe ndi yovuta kwambiri, ili ndi mlomo wamphamvu kwambiri ndipo siyimasiyana kutalika kwa khosi.
M'busa
Kunja, imafanana ndi zinziri kapena chimanga. Chosiyanitsa chachikulu ndi mulomo. Ndi yopindika kumapeto. Kutalika kwa mulomo kuli kofanana ndi masentimita 4, ndikutalika kwathunthu kwa thupi la mbusa wamkazi kukhala masentimita 20-23.
Mlomo wa m'busayo ndi wofiira. Mitundu yamaso a mbalameyi imapakidwanso utoto uwu. Zina zonse ndizamtundu wa nthenga, zokhala ndi chitsulo chachitsulo. Pali mikwingwirima yakuda, yakuda. Kuwala kwa maolivi kumawoneka pamapiko ndi kumbuyo.
Kupindika kwapakatikati
Ndi ya opala mchenga, imadziwika pakati pawo kukula kwake kwakukulu, pafupifupi kukula kwa khwangwala wamvi. Nthenga za korona, mwa njira, imakhalanso imvi, yopanda mizere. Mbalameyi ilinso ndi miyendo yaifupi komanso mlomo wokhotakhota pokha.
Zisa za curlew m'matumba akuluakulu komanso kumalire akumpoto kwa steppe. Malo okhala amakhala omwazikana.
Pali ma subspecies angapo a curlew apakatikati. Ena mwa iwo, mwachitsanzo, owonda, Red Book.
Madambo amakhalanso ndi Great and Little Curlews. Onsewa ali ndi milomo yayitali kuposa pafupifupi, ndipo matupi ake ndi ocheperako.
Zovuta
Mawu ake ndi ofanana ndi a ng'ombe yamphongo, yotsika ndikukula. Kulira kwa zakumwa kumamupereka iye. Mbalame yotsalayo imasamala ndipo imabisala bwino pakati pazomera zam'madzi. Makamaka, bittern imakhala ndi utoto wofanana ndi bango.
Bittern ndi ya banja la heron. Pakati pawo, mbalameyi imafanana ndi msipu wofiirira. Mbalamezi zimakhalanso ndi mchira wozungulira, wofupikitsa, mapiko otambalala. Mlomo ndi wotakata, wosongoka.
Mbalameyi ili pansi pa msuzi wofiira, pafupifupi masentimita 80 kutalika kwake. Mbalameyi imalemera pafupifupi 1.5 kilogalamu.
Chokhotakhota
Zitha kukhala zazikulu, zazing'ono, Canada, zowonekera. Onse ndi am'banja lachigawenga. Lamba ndiye oyimira ake akulu kwambiri. Kunja, mbalamezi ndizofanana ndi ma curlews ofanana. Kusiyanitsa kwake ndi mulomo wopindika kumtunda. Curlews ali ndi nsonga pansi.
M'masiku akale, panali mitundu 7 ya moni. Tsopano pali 3 zakale. Imodzi idazimiririka pafupifupi zaka 5 miliyoni zapitazo. Wina adasowa pankhope ya Earth zaka 2 miliyoni zapitazo. Panalinso mphepo yotere yomwe idamwalira zaka 35 miliyoni zapitazo.
Zotsalira za mbalame yakale zidapezeka ku France. Asayansi amaganiza kuti Greece wakale ndi mtundu wapakatikati, womwe ma curlews nawonso amapita.
Timbewu
Asilavo amatcha nkhwangwa kapena pickaxe mwanjira imeneyo. Iwo amaweyulira kuntchito. Mbalameyi imagwiranso mchira wake. Ndizochita mbalame zakuda, zili ndi subspecies zingapo. Oimira mdima wakuda amakhala m'madambo. Palinso dambo komanso ndalama zazikulu. Woyamba amasankha madera akumapiri, ndipo wachiwiri - minda.
Ndalama yamutu wakuda siyopitilira masentimita 12. Mbalameyi imalemera pafupifupi 1 magalamu. Nthenga zakuda za mutu zimasiyana ndi mkanda woyera kuzungulira khosi. Kuphatikiza apo, mtundu wa sitampu ndi bulauni kumbuyo ndi kufiyira koyera pachifuwa, pamimba.
Yenda momyata
Dzina lake ndi yankho lina ku funsoli zomwe mbalame zimakhala m'madambo... Hatchiyo ndi ya wag-nosed, imawoneka ngati khungwa, koma yopyapyala.
Dzinalo la skate limalumikizidwa ndi phokoso lomwe limatulutsa: - "Flip, flip, flip." Mutha kumva kuyimba kwa moss kuchokera kumalire akumadzulo kwa Russia mpaka Nyanja ya Baikal. Ku Europe, ma skate amakhalanso ndi zisa, koma ku Asia kuli mbalame zochepa.
Kutalika kwa lokwera kuli pafupifupi masentimita 17. Nthenga zikulemera magalamu 21-23. Chofufumitsidwacho chidapangidwa utoto wakuda wachikaso.
Kupukuta
Zimatanthauza waders. Pakati pawo, kubwererako kumasiyanitsidwa ndi tuft pamutu pake ndi mlomo wofupikitsa. Kutha kumawonekeranso. Mu nthenga za mbalameyi pali kuwala kofiira, kobiriwira, ndi kwamabuluu.
Makhalidwe olakwika alibe mantha. Mbalame zimazungulira ndikufuula pamitu ya anthu ngati akhwangwala.
Carolina Grebe
Amapanga phokoso longa bulu. Mutha kuwamva m'madambo mumdima - the grebe is nocturnal.
Carolina grebe amajambulidwa ndimayendedwe a bulauni. Pali mizere yoyera. Mzere wakuda wopingasa umawoneka pakamwa pamutu nthawi yotentha.
Kutalika kwa Carolina grebe sikudutsa masentimita 40. Kulemera kwa mbalameyi ndi pafupifupi 0,5 kilogalamu.
Osprey
Ndi za mphamba. Dzina la mbalameyi limagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Asilavo kutanthauza amayi apabanja odziwa zambiri. Osati pachabe kuti panali banja lachifumu la Skopin-Shuisky.Mbiri yotchuka yoperekedwa ndi amfumu.
Kutalika, osprey amafikira masentimita 58, amalemera pafupifupi 1.5 kilos. Mapiko ake ndi masentimita 170.
Osprey ali ndi mutu woyera, khosi, chifuwa, mimba. Thupi lakumtunda ndi mapiko a mbalame ndi zofiirira. Pali mikwingwirima yamangamanga pakhosi.
Kutchera gull
Ili ndi chizindikiro chofiira pamapiko a mandible. Mutu wa mbalameyi ndi woyera. Mtundu wonsewo wa nthenga.
Mphalapala la hering'i ndi lalitali masentimita 60. Mbalameyi imalemera 1.5 kilos. Oimira mitunduyo amakhala pamadambo ngati pali malo otseguka, osawonekera.
Nightjar
Izi zisa za mbalame mchithaphwikusankha madera akutali. Dzinali ndichifukwa chakukhulupirira. M'masiku akale, amakhulupirira kuti nthenga usiku imamwa mkaka wa mbuzi ndikuwapangitsa khungu. Ndi nthano chabe. Nightjar imangodya tizilombo tokha ndipo alibe chochita ndi vuto la kuwona ng'ombe.
Tizilombo timadzaza osati m'madambo okha, komanso m'minda. Ichi ndichifukwa chake anthu amawona ma jagi a usiku pafupi ndi zolembera zawo, ziweto.
Ma Nightjar ali ndi ma subspecies pafupifupi 60. Mbalame zonse ndi zazikulu kukula, ndi mlomo wawung'ono koma wokutidwa mwamphamvu m'munsi komanso wodulidwa pakamwa.
Zamgululi
Ichi ndi kabawi kakang'ono. Monga chotengera usiku, amakhala pamphepete mwa madambo, kukhala zisa zakale za akhwangwala. Otsatirawa amathanso kukhala pagawo la ziboda za peat.
Pakati pa mphamba, nkhalango ndiyo yokongola kwambiri komanso yowala kwambiri. Imvi, nthenga zakuda, zofiirira, zachikasu zimasakanikirana.
Kutalika kwa thupi merlin kumafika masentimita 35, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi magalamu 270. Monga momwe zimakhalira mphamba, zazikazi zimakhala zolemera pafupifupi theka la amuna kuposa amuna.
Bakha wam'madzi
Madambo nthawi zambiri amakhala kunyumba za abakha osakanikirana. Pali mitundu itatu ya iwo. Poyerekeza, pali mitundu 10 ya bakha.
Merganser itha kukhala yayikulu, yapakatikati komanso yotupa. Onse ali ndi milomo yopapatiza yokhala ndi mtundu wa mbewa kumapeto kwake.
Merganser wapakati amakhala ndi kachilombo kawiri kumbuyo kwa mutu. Mu merganser yamatenda, chilalacho ndichachikulu, koma chachifupi, ndipo mbalame yomweyi ndiyocheperako kuposa mitundu wamba. Merganser yayikulu ndiyosalala kwambiri.
Aramu
Ichi ndi crane ya abusa yomwe imakhala m'madambo ku South America. Kutalika, nthenga ili ndi masentimita 66. Aramu amalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu imodzi.
Banja la Aramu limaphatikizapo mitundu yapakatikati pakati pa abusa ndi cranes. Mbalame zaku South America ndizofanana ndi zomalizira m'thupi ndi nthenga. Chipangizo chazakudya chimaphatikizana ndi ma macaws abusa.
Krachka -inka
Zimakhudzana ndi nyanja. Mbalameyi imakhala m'madambo okhala ndi zomera zowirira. Malo okhalamo amtunduwu ndi America.
Inca Tern imadziwikanso kuti masharubu, chifukwa nthenga zoonda, zokhotakhota zimapachikidwa mbali zonse za mlomo. Anakhalanso chifukwa cha dzina lina lotchedwa - hussar.
Masharubu a Inca amadzikweza chifukwa cha imvi. Mlomo ndi zikhasu za mbalameyi ndi zofiira. Kutalika kwake, mbalameyi imatha kufikira masentimita 40, koma imalemera osapitirira magalamu 250.
Inca tern imapanga awiriawiri molingana ndi kutalika kwa ndevu zawo. Amatha kukhala mpaka masentimita asanu. Mbalame zokhala ndi ndevu zikuluzikulu zimakangana, kupereka anapiye ataliatali. Ana a terns okhala ndi ndevu zazifupi samakonda kukula kuposa masentimita 30 m'litali.
Sikuti ku South America kokha kuli madambo ambiri. Palinso ambiri a iwo ku Russia. 37% yamadambo onse padziko lapansi akhazikika mdziko muno. Pali ambiri mwa iwo ku Siberia. N'zosadabwitsa kuti mbalame zambiri zoyenda m'madzi zimachokera ku South America ndi ku Russia.
