Limbikitsani chuleMofanana ndi abale ake onse, akuimira gulu la amphibian opanda mchira, omwe amadziwika ndi akatswiri azanyama ku banja la a pipov. Momwemonso, zolengedwa zam'madzi zokhazokha, zimalandira dzina lawo chifukwa chakumaso kwa zikhadabo zotalika (mpaka kutalika mpaka 3 mm) kumiyendo yakumbuyo, yomwe zala zawo zitatu zimakhala nazo.
Amatchedwa spurs, amateteza ku adani ndikuthandizira kukhalabe pamadzi.
Mwachilengedwe, achule otere nthawi zambiri amakhala m'matumba akulu ndi ang'onoang'ono omwe amapezeka mosalekeza (mayiwe, nyanja, mitsinje yocheperako) kapena zimachitika kwakanthawi kochepa (madambo amadzi osefukira, maenje, mafunde akuluakulu), posankha malo abata ndi madzi osayenda.
Safunikira ukhondo wapadera wa chilengedwe. Amatha kukhala mosungiramo matope, pomwe amakhala olimba ndipo amatha kukhala opanda chakudya kwanthawi yayitali. Koma sangakhale kunja kwa madzi kwa nthawi yayitali, kuyesa kukhala moyo wawo wonse m'malo otere.
Mwamaonekedwe, zolengedwa izi ndizokongola komanso zosangalatsa, komanso, zoseketsa modabwitsa, komanso koposa zonse, ndizosavuta kuzisamalira. Ichi ndichifukwa chake akatswiri ambiri am'madzi, onse odziwa zambiri komanso osowa chidwi, amakhala ndi chidwi chowasunga.
Sikovuta kupeza ziweto zotere. Izi zitha kuchitika pafupi ndi malo aliwonse ogulitsira ziweto, amagulitsidwanso kumsika wa nkhuku. Mwachilengedwe, oimira nyama ngati awa amatha kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kutengera mitundu: yobiriwira, nthawi zambiri bulauni, thupi lawo limatha kukongoletsedwa ndi mabala paimvi.
Nthawi yomweyo, mimba yawo imakhala yopepuka, imatha kukhala yotuwa kapena yoyera. Terrariumists amakonda mitundu ya imvi, kupatula, zoyera zoyera, ndiye kuti, albino, ndi otchuka kwambiri.
Thupi la zolengedwa izi limakhala lathyathyathya komanso lamphamvu kwambiri. Miyendo yakumbuyo, yomwe ili ndi ziwalo, imasiyanitsidwa ndi mphamvu yapadera, mosiyana ndi zikoko zazing'ono zakutsogolo, cholinga chake ndikungopeza chakudya.
Pa thupi la nyama zotere, zomwe zikuphatikizana ndi izo, pali mutu wawung'ono, kumtunda kwake komwe kumawonekera maso omwe ali ndi zikope zazing'ono zopindika (ziwalo za masomphenya a zolengedwa izi sizikukula bwino).
Sikovuta kusiyanitsa akazi ndi amuna. Zoyambazo ndizokulirapo kuposa zam'mbuyomu, zotalika mpaka masentimita 13. Amapatsidwanso mwachilengedwe ndi njira yapadera - ovipositor, yomwe imapezeka mwa amuna.
Achule achule amakhala pa Africa. Dziko lakwawo limawerengedwa kuti ndi dera loyambira kumwera kwa dera lachipululu la Sahara. Aborigines amalo awa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito cholengedwa ichi ngati chakudya, powona kuti ndichabwino osati ichi chakupha.
Mwangozi kapena mwadala, nthumwi za nyama zam'madzi zidabweretsedwanso ku Europe ndi ku America, komwe tsopano yazika mizu ndipo ikupezeka m'malo ambiri oyenera nyengo.
Chifukwa cha zikhadabo zawo zotchuka komanso mphamvu zachilengedwe, nyamazi zimatha kudziteteza ku nyama zolusa m'malo awo achilengedwe ndikusaka chakudya, zomwe zimachita m'madzi mokha.
Mitundu
Zamoyo zamtunduwu ndizodziwika kalekale. Mitundu yambiri yazakale zakale imadziwika, nthawi yokhalapo padziko lapansi pano ikuyembekezeka zaka makumi khumi miliyoni. Ndizosangalatsa kuti pomwe (ndipo kudali koyambirira kwa zaka za 21st), akatswiri adazindikira za matupi a oimira nyama, adatsimikiza kuti zaka 360 miliyoni zapitazo, achule amtunduwu komanso anthu anali ndi kholo limodzi padziko lapansi.
Mwa mitundu ya achule odulidwa omwe tsopano amadziwika m'chilengedwe, pafupifupi khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu afotokozedwa, koma asanu okhawo amasungidwa m'madzi.
Zosangalatsa kwambiri ziyenera kutchulidwa mwatsatanetsatane.
- Chule wofala kwambiri ndi amodzi mwa otchuka komanso ofala. Oimira mitunduyo ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira pamtundu wonsewo, amasambira mwachangu komanso mwachangu kusaka nsomba zazing'ono. Awa ndi nzika zakumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Africa, zomwe zimapezekanso kumwera.
Pa moyo wawo, iwo pafupifupi samasiya madamu. Kupatula kokha ndi nthawi zowuma kwambiri, pomwe, chifukwa cha kuyanika kwa ena, amakakamizidwa kuyendayenda ndikuyang'ana malo ena amadzi. Monga zitsanzo zoyesera, zolengedwa zotere nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu biology ndi embryology pazoyeserera zosiyanasiyana zasayansi.
Kuphatikiza pa mtundu womwe watchulidwa kale, mtundu wawo umatha kukhala wofiirira komanso wotuwa, palinso wakuda, wopindika ndi mimba ya zonona.
- Albino amatulutsa chule - chinthu chotchuka kwambiri, chifukwa chake chimagulitsidwa bwino ngati ziweto. Kukhalapo kwawo sikumakhala chifukwa cha matenda aliwonse kapena kusintha kwachilengedwe (monga momwe zimachitikira ndi nyama zina).
Uwu ndi mtundu womwe umabadwira makamaka ku Institute of Biology ku Moscow kuti asunge zamoyo zam'madzi. Kodi mwayi wa maalubino ndi chiyani kuposa abale awo, kuwonjezera pa mtundu wapachiyambi, inde, ndipo chifukwa chiyani okonda zachilengedwe amawakonda kwambiri? Choyambirira, mitundu iyi ndi yayikulu ndipo imakhala ya 16 cm kutalika.
Kuphatikiza apo, amakhala ocheperako komanso azolowera anthu mosavuta komanso mwachangu. Kuphatikiza pa zoyera, zolengedwa zotere zimatha kukhalanso ndi mthunzi wotumbululuka wa thupi, womwe umawoneka woyambirira komanso wokongola kwambiri.
Kusamalira ndi kukonza
Ziwetozi zosowa zimatha kukongoletsa nyanja yamchere iliyonse. Komanso, kukonza chisanu sikovuta konse. Komabe, pali zowopsa zina apa. Ndipo choyambirira, ndikofunikira kukonzekera malo okhala alendo awa. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuganizira zina, zofunikira kwambiri.
- Pet aquarium sidzafunika zing'onozing'ono, koma osapitirira malita 60. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, mu chotengera cha voliyumu, ndikotheka kuyika osati munthu m'modzi, koma pafupifupi sikisi, pamaziko oti amphibian aliyense azikhala pafupifupi malita 10 amadzi. Komanso osachepera poyerekeza, popeza achule ayenera kupatsidwa malo okwanira kuti azikhalamo.
- Simungathe kudzaza aquarium pomangotsanulira kuchokera pampopi ndikuyika ziwetozo m'madzi nthawi yomweyo. Chlorine ndi zinthu zina zoyipa zamadzimadzi osasefa zitha kuwononga alendo omwe angopangidwa kumene. Chifukwa chake, asanakwaniritse zomwe zidapangidwa, zomwe zili mchombocho ziyenera kutetezedwa kwa masiku angapo.
- Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzindikire kuti m'nyanja yamadzi ndikupitilira apo, ndiye kuti, ndikuwasamalira pambuyo pake, kusefera ndikofunikira, chifukwa mtundu uwu wa amphibiya aku Africa amadetsa kwambiri ndipo samasiyana ukhondo. Amakonda kukumba pansi, kufunafuna kena koti apindule nako, ndipo chifukwa chake, madzi amakhala mitambo mpaka kumapeto.
- Pansi pa nyumba yamadzi yayalidwa ndi dothi labwino, timiyala kapena mchenga wamtsinje. Zachidziwikire, osakhala amoyo, koma zomera zopangira zimayikidwa pano. Zakale sizoyenera chifukwa choti ma spurs a alendo oterewa amapwetekabe ndikuwononga zachilengedwe zam'madzi.
- Ndikofunikira kusankha maziko abwino mnyumba yamadzi ndikuyika pogona kuti anthu ake azimva chitetezo chawo ndikukhala mwamtendere. Pakuwunikira, achule oterewa ndi osadzichepetsa, koma ndikofunikira kuphimba nyumbayi ndi chivindikiro kuti nzika za m'nyanjayi zisadumphe, zomwe zingatheke.
- Zingakhale bwino kusamalira chitetezo chamtundu wina, kupatula okhala m'nyumba yamadzi pazinthu zakuthwa komanso zowopsa, komanso pamavuto ena amtunduwu. African amphibians mwachibadwa amanjenjemera, ndipo ngati ali ndi mantha, amayamba kuthamangira, kuwononga zonse zomwe zili panjira yawo. Alamu apadera nthawi zina amayenera kuikidwa mu aquarium yapadera.
- Ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe filimu yamafuta yomwe imapangidwa pamwamba pamadzi. Izi zimalepheretsa achule akakwera m'madzi kuti akule mpweya wabwino (izi ndizofunikira kwa amphibiya ndipo zimachitika nthawi ndi nthawi).
Zomwe mungadyetse chule wotsekedwa? Iwo ali odzichepetsa pankhaniyi, komabe olusa. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muphatikize ufa ndi mavuvu, njenjete, mwachangu, chiwindi, nyama. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino chakudya chapadera cha nsomba.
Simungathe kudyetsa nyama zoterezi, ndipo chakudya muyenera kupatsidwa kangapo kawiri pa sabata. Ziyenera kukumbukiridwa nthawi zonse kuti zolengedwa izi ndizokonda kwambiri izi. Ndipo kunenepa kwambiri ndi matenda awo oyamba.
Zinthu zambiri zimakhudza thanzi la zolengedwa zam'madzi zam'madzi izi: mpweya wabwino m'chilengedwe komanso ukhondo wa m'nyanjayi. Ndipo ndibwino kuwunika izi mosamala kwambiri kuti achule asadwale. Izi zili choncho Kusamalira chule wodulidwa Zimaphatikizaponso kusamalira thanzi lake.
Ana a ziweto zotere, ndiye kuti achule atsopano, obadwa kuchokera m'mbuyomu, ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi zakudya zina zingapo: masamba a saladi ndi ufa wa mkaka.
Zolengedwa izi, monga n'zosadabwitsa, amatha kukhala mabwenzi enieni a mbuye wawo, kukhala wolumikizidwa kwa woimira mtundu wa anthu ndi moyo wawo wonse, kuzindikira iye ngakhale ndi mawu ake.
Ndipo ngati pali chidwi chofuna kusankhira ziweto mayina, ndiye kuti ndizotheka kuti aphunzire kuyankha. Tisaganize kuti zolengedwa izi ndizachikale. Amakhala okhudzidwa komanso amakhudzidwa, ndichifukwa chake ma psyche awo ayenera kutetezedwa ndikutetezedwa ku nkhawa.
Ponena za oyandikana nawo: ndibwino kuti musawonjezere abuluzi ndi nsomba kumalo amadzi amtundu wa achule amtunduwu, ndizofunikira kwambiri kuwonjezera zokongoletsa zam'madzi zam'madzi ndi zokongoletsera pamenepo. Ndipo mutha kuyikanso achibale anzanu, koma kungoti alendo aku aquarium asadzaze kwambiri.
Achule oterewa okhala mtundu wamtundu wawo nthawi zambiri samakhala amanyazi ndipo samakonda kucheza nawo. Kupatula kokha kuli chule wonyezimira woyera... Amapirira kusungulumwa mosavuta ndipo amakhala ndi mizu m'malo opanikizana. Ndipo kuchuluka kwamadzi kofunikira kuti akhale ndi moyo wabwino ndi pafupifupi ma 8 malita.
Nzeru zina, maalubino amakonda kunenepa kwambiri, kuposa anzawo omwe ndi osusuka. Nthawi zambiri amatha kudya chilichonse chomwe angafune, komwe amavutika nawo pafupipafupi.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Kuswana ziweto zotere ndi bizinesi yosavuta kwambiri. Ndikokwanira kungogula ma amphibiya awiri aku Africa-osiyana, ndipo chilengedwe chimapatsa onse zotsalira. Kwa olemera kuswana achule odulidwa muyenera kungowapatsa aquarium yapadera komanso chakudya chapamwamba, komanso kuwonjezera pang'ono kuchuluka kwa chakudya.
Ndipo kuti musakwiyitse banjali nthawi yakumasirana, ndibwino kuti kuwunikira kuyambike. Koma mayiwo atangotulutsa mazira, banjali liyenera kubwerera kwawo komwe limakhala. Ndiyeno onani chitukuko cha ana.
Mphutsi zimatuluka m'mazira pafupifupi masiku asanu. Kuti akule bwino, zinthu zina ndizofunikira. Choyamba, ndende zawo ndizofunika kwa lita imodzi yamadzi, osapitirira khumi. Ndipo chachiwiri, zizindikilo za kutentha kwa malo am'madzi siziyenera kupitirira 25 ° C.
Mu gawo la tadpole, mbadwo watsopanowu uli ndi zovuta, kusankha kwachilengedwe ndi nkhanza kwambiri. Ndipo ngati simukuchitapo kanthu, olimba mwa anawo adzadya omwe ali ofooka. Achule amakhwima kwenikweni afika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Koma pansi pazikhalidwe zabwino kwambiri, njirayi ikhoza kuchepetsedwa kwambiri.
Kutalika nthawi yayitali bwanji achule amakhala? Mumikhalidwe yachilengedwe, anthu odana ndi anzawo komanso matenda angachepetse moyo wawo. Koma ali mu ukapolo amakhala mosatekeseka, chifukwa chake amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 15. Komabe, maalubino ndiwonso osiyana. Nthawi yawo yamoyo ndiyachidule kwambiri, nthawi zambiri yoposa zaka 10.
Kuphatikiza pa mwayi womwe wawonetsedwa kale wogula chiweto choterocho, ndizomveka kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wanu pagulu lapaintaneti popita pa intaneti. Mtengo wa frog atha kukhala osiyana kwambiri.
Pali zotsika mtengo kwambiri pomwe mtengo pachidutswa chilichonse ndi ma ruble pafupifupi 50. Koma nthawi zina, mtengo wa munthu m'modzi ukhoza kukwera mpaka ma ruble 700 kapena kupitilira apo.
