Panda ndi nyama. Kufotokozera, mawonekedwe, moyo ndi malo okhala panda

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Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe

Mwa oimira nyama zakuthupi padziko lapansi, pali zitsanzo zosazolowereka za nyama zomwe asayansi samvetsetsa ngakhale nthawi yomweyo momwe angawagawikirire ndi omwe abale awo angawazindikire. Zamoyo izi zikuphatikizapo panda.

Nthawi ina, mikangano yayikulu idabuka pakati pa akatswiri azanyama kuti apeze nyama yomwe ayenera kukhala. Zachisoni zomvetsa chisoni kuti nyamayi yodabwitsa imakutidwa ndi tsitsi lofewa.

Ndipo poyamba adaganiza kuti nyamayi ili pafupi kwambiri ndi ma raccoons, kukula kwake ndikokulirapo. Zowona, kulinso omwe adawona mu panda ubale ndi akambuku, akambuku ndi nkhandwe. Koma kafukufuku wamtunduwu watsutsa izi, pomaliza kunena kuti nyama yokongolayi idakali ndi mikhalidwe yambiri yofanana ndi zimbalangondo.

Ndipo mayendedwe ake, makamaka kusakhazikika kwamapanda, adangotsimikizira izi. Chifukwa chake, pamapeto pake, adapatsidwa gawo ku banja la chimbalangondo, kuwonetsa kuti zikwangwani zosiyana ndi raccoon mwa zolengedwa izi zikuwonetsedwabe.

Koma pa izi, mafunso ndi zokambirana za nyama yanji panda, sizinathe, chifukwa zolengedwa, zomwe akatswiri azanyama adagwirizana kuti azitcha nyama zazikulu, zimakhala ndi chibale chochepa. Ndi gulu lakumapeto kwake, zonse zidakhala zovuta. Koma zambiri pambuyo pake.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba m'mabuku olemba, woimira nyamayu adatchulidwa m'magulu akale andakatulo zaku China komanso mbiri yakale ya Ufumu Wakumwamba. Zaka za zolembedwazo zikuyerekeza pafupifupi zaka zikwi zitatu.

Mwa njira, achi China amatcha chilombo chotere: xiongmao, chomwe chimamasulira kuti "khate-mphaka". Ndipo dzina lakutchulidwali limadzilankhulira lokha pakuwonekera kwa nyama ndi zizolowezi zake.

Panda wamkuluyo amafika kukula pafupifupi mita imodzi ndi theka, koma ngati mchira ukuwonjezeka m'litali mwake, womwe ndi 12.5 cm wina, ndiye kuti zotsatira zake ziziwonjezeka pang'ono.

Kulemera kwake kwa chinyama kuli pafupifupi makilogalamu 160. Mtundu waubweya wa zolengedwa zachilendozi, komanso mitundu ina, ndi wapadera kwambiri. Tsitsi lawo lamutu ndi loyera modabwitsa, koma mabwalo omwe amawoneka ndi akuda.

Makutu ndi mchira wake ndi amtundu womwewo, komanso thumba lanyama, lofanana ndi kolala. Zala zawo, zazing'ono kwambiri poyerekeza ndi thupi, ndizonso zakuda.

Kutsogolo kwa nyama kumasiyanitsidwa ndi tsatanetsatane wosangalatsa wa kapangidwe kake. Amakhala ndi zala zisanu ndi chimodzi. Makamaka, pali zala zisanu zokha, ndipo kuwonjezera kwa iwo kumangoganiziridwa kokha kukula kwa mafupa a carpal okutidwa ndi zikopa.

Ndipo kusinthaku ndikothandiza kwambiri pothandiza nyama kukhala m'malo awo achilengedwe.

Panda zazikulu zimapezeka m'maiko ena a China, makamaka ku Shaanxi, Gansu ndi Sichuan, komanso ku Tibet, komwe amakonda madera akutali okhala ndi nsungwi moyo wawo wonse.

N'chifukwa chake nyama zoterezi ankazitcha kuti zimbalangondo za nsungwi. Zomwe zangotchulidwazi za kapangidwe ka zikalazi zimawalola kuti azigwira mosavuta zimayambira za zomera, m'nkhalango zomwe amakonda kubisamo.

Amawagwira ndi manja awo akumbuyo. Ndiponso zikhasu ndi zala zisanu ndi chimodzi zimawathandiza kukwera mitengo yayitali kwambiri.

Mitundu ya Panda

Kupitiliza nkhani yathu yokhudza mitundu iwiri: yayikulu ndi yaying'ono yamitundu yozizwitsa ya zinyama, tikuwona kuti: ngakhale ndizomwe zidafotokozedweratu, zidadziwika padziko lapansi zaka zopitilira zana zapitazo.

Zachisoni kuti ndizosowa, nyama izi zomwe zimakhala mu Asia. Zokambirana pamagulu awo ndizovuta kwambiri ndikuti mitundu ing'onoing'ono yama pandas imakhala ndi zosiyana zambiri kuchokera pazomwe zafotokozedwazo, chifukwa chake adakanidwa kuti akhale m'gulu la zimbalangondo.

Tiyenera kuvomereza: chiyambi cha zolengedwa izi sichikudziwikabe mpaka pano.

Panda wocheperako adapezanso abale ambiri pakati pa oimira nyama zakutchire. Zamoyo zoterezi zinali za banja la skunk, raccoon, weasel. Koma pamapeto pake adakakamizidwa kusiya ntchitoyi.

Panda pang'ono siili ngati wina aliyense, chifukwa chake amadziwika kuti ndi banja lodziyimira lokha lanyumba zotsika. Ndipo ndi nyama zomwe zatchulidwazi, kufanana kwakutali ndi kapangidwe kake ndi zomwe zadziwika, zimagwirizana m'banja lalikulu la marten.

Komabe, ma pandas ang'ono akadali ndi kufanana kwambiri ndi mchimwene wawo wamkulu. Makamaka, ali ofanana pamaso pa chinyengo chachisanu ndi chimodzi.

Kukula kwa chinyama ichi ndi masentimita 55 okha. Panda yaying'onoyo imakhala yotalika, yofewa, mwapadera pafupifupi theka la mita, mchira. Thupi la nyama ndilotalika; mphuno yake ndi yakuthwa, yayifupi. Zowonjezeranso mawonekedwe ndi izi: mutu wakutalika, makutu amakona atatu; mawoko ndi olimba, koma aafupi.

Mitundu ya zamoyozi ndi yochititsa chidwi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya utoto. Mthunzi wakumtunda ndi wofiyira motentha, womwe nyama zotere zidatchulidwa mapepala ofiira... Koma pansi ndikuwoneka mdima. Kungakhale kofiira kapena kofiira bulauni. Gulu lonse la chovalacho chimakwaniritsidwa bwino ndimalo owala a malaya.

Malo okhalamo nyamazi ndi okulirapo kuposa amtundu wakalewo. Koma makolo awo anali atafalikira, monga kafukufuku akuwonetsera, ngakhale wokulirapo ndipo amapezeka ku Europe, komanso ku North America.

Ma pandas ang'ono amakono azika mizu m'malo aku Asia, makamaka kum'mawa kwa Himalaya. Makamaka: ku China, m'malo ake ena; m'madera okutidwa ndi nsungwi, kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa India, komanso ku Nepal.

Moyo ndi malo okhala

Mitundu yonse iŵiri, monga tatulukira kale, ndi anthu a ku Asia, ndipo malo amene amakonda kwambiri ndi nkhalango zamapiri, kumene kuli chakudya chokwanira iwo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nyama sizichedwa kutengeka ndipo zimakhala moyo wosakhazikika, wodekha, makamaka pofunafuna chakudya ndikutafuna.

Pandanyama yozizira usiku, chifukwa chake masana, nyama izi zimapuma, zimabisala m'maenje amitengo kapena m'malo ena abwino. Ma pandas ang'ono amagona pamalo osangalatsa kwambiri: atadzipinditsa ndikuphimba mutu wawo ndi mchira wautali.

Mitundu yonse iwiri ya nyama imatha kuyenda pamitengo yolimba, ndipo pansi imawoneka ngati yopepuka komanso imamva manyazi. Poona izi, ngati nyama zili pachiwopsezo, zimayesa kubisala kuti adani asazithamangitse pokwera pamtengo.

Zinyama zotere ndizotchuka chifukwa cha mayendedwe awo oseketsa ndipo ndizosangalatsa kwambiri chifukwa chonyalanyaza kwawo. Chifukwa chake, ngati atapezeka ali kumalo osungira nyama, nthawi zonse amakopa chidwi. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi chikhalidwe chosewera, amakonda kusewera osamvera ndikusangalatsa ana.

Khalidweli limachitika makamaka kwa achinyamata. Pazikhalidwe izi, ma pandas amadziwika kuti ndi zolengedwa zochepetsetsa kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ndipo udindo woterewu umadziwika ngakhale mu Guinness Book of Records.

Kuphatikiza apo, chithumwa cha nyamazi chimayamikiridwa mdziko lakwawo, China. M'dziko lino, adakhala chizindikiro cha dziko. Ndipo malamulo aboma amaletsa kusaka nyama izi. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti izi zakakamizidwa ndipo panali zifukwa zomveka zoyambira.

Chowonadi ndichakuti oimira nyama awa akucheperachepera padziko lapansi. Malinga ndi zomwe zapezeka, kumapeto kwa zaka zana zapitazi, kunalibe makope opitilira chikwi a nyama zazikuluzikulu zachilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, pakupha nyama ngati izi ku China, chilango chonyongedwa chimaperekedwa nthawi ina.

Ndi wachibale wocheperako, zinthu sizimvetsa chisoni kwambiri, koma njira zowonjezerapo zotetezera nyama izi zikutengedwabe. Chifukwa china chakuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha panda chinali kusintha kwa nyengo padziko lapansi.

Poona izi, chilengedwe chomwe adazolowera chimangopitilira m'malo ochepa Padziko Lapansi. Zotsatira zake, zolengedwa zokongola zokongola zimaopsezedwa kuti zidzatheratu.

Komabe, ngakhale panali zoletsa zokhwima, kuwonongedwa kwa ma pandas kukupitilizabe. Ndipo vuto la kupha nyama mwachinyengo limaoneka kuti ndi lalikulu kwambiri. Ndipo chokopa chachikulu cha alenje ndi ubweya wokongola wa oimira okongola ndi okongola awa.

Zakudya zabwino

Panda wamkuluyo ndi wachibale wa zimbalangondo. Ndipo, chifukwa chake, malinga ndi malamulo achilengedwe, ayenera kukhala cholengedwa chodya nyama. Koma pali zosiyana zokwanira m'malamulowo, makamaka kwa zolengedwa zapadera.

Chifukwa chake, chizolowezi chokhala m'malo ena chiyeneranso kukumbukiridwa pano. Kumbukirani: pati panda amakhala... Zinyamazi zimakonda kukhazikika m'mitengo ya nsungwi, chifukwa chake, poganizira momwe zachilengedwe ziliri, azolowera komanso amakonda kwambiri kudya zimayambira ndi mizu ya chomerachi.

Ndipo ndiwo chakudya chofunikira kwambiri komanso chomwe amakonda pa zakudya zawo. Kuphatikiza apo, amadyedwa kwambiri, chifukwa achikulire, chifukwa chakuchepa kwa chakudya chofanana ndi nsungwi, amakakamizidwa kuti azidya mopitilira makilogalamu 15 patsiku.

Ndipo chizolowezi chanthawi yayitali chodya nsungwi, chobadwa mwa nyamazi pamtundu wa chibadwa, sichingakhudze momwe thupi limapangidwira. Panda wamkulu sangakhale popanda chomera ichi.

Chifukwa chake, ngati zitsamba za nsungwi zifa, ma panda amafanso. Koma makhalidwe a kapangidwe ka chimbudzi cha chilombo adakalibe. Zotsatira zake, m'mimba mwa nyama zotere sizimasinthidwa kuti muzisamalira zakudya zamtunduwu.

Chifukwa chake, nyamazi zimakakamizidwa kuti ziziphatikiza zoweta zawo nthawi zonse ndi nsomba, mazira a mbalame ndi nyama yawo. Amasakanso nyama zing'onozing'ono.

Mwa njira, polimbana ndi nyama zokongola komanso zokongola izi ku zoo, simuyenera kuiwala zakudya zawo. Kutengeka ndi chithumwa cha zolengedwa izi, anthu amasiya kulingalira kuti amatha kuwonetsanso nkhanza.

Pandanga zazing'ono, amakhala okhutira ndi zakudya zomwezi, kuphatikiza apo amadyanso bowa. Kwa tsiku limodzi, amadya nsungwi za makilogalamu 4, koma nthawi zonse amakhala owawira bwino.

Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo

Pandanyama ndi kubereka kotsika kwambiri. Ndipo izi, mwatsoka, ndi chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe zolengedwa zokongola zoyambirirazi zakhala zosowa kwambiri padziko lapansi. Nthawi yopanga zachikondi ndikusakanikirana pambuyo pake imayamba mchaka ndipo imatha mpaka milungu iwiri.

Ndipo chizindikiritso cha chiyambi chawo ndi fungo linalake lochokera ku nyama, mawonekedwe omwe amathandizidwa ndi zinthu zotsekedwa ndimatenda apadera.

Pakati pa chibwenzi ndi miyambo yakukwatirana, munthu amatha kumva zachilendo, zomveka kwambiri zopangidwa ndi oimira nyama za ku Asia. Kenako, amayi a panda amanyamula ana awo kwa miyezi isanu (kapena kupitirirapo).

Nthawi yomweyo, mwana yemwe adabadwa patadutsa nthawi yayitali kwambiri. Alibe chochita, nondescript, wakhungu ndi wamaliseche. Koma imakula msanga, ndipo mayi wachinyamatayo samangomusamalira.

Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti palibe mwana m'modzi yemwe amabadwa, koma mapasa. Koma amphamvu okha ndiwo amapulumuka. Pa nthawi yomweyi, mayi mwiniyo amasankha chinthu chothandiza kwambiri, ndipo amakana kutero, ndikumuweruza kuti aphedwe.

Nthawi yodyetsa mkaka wa mayi ndi pafupifupi mwezi umodzi ndi theka. Koma mwana pamapeto pake akuyamwitsa samasiya mayi kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo amapitiliza maphunziro mpaka mwanayo atakwanitsa zaka zitatu.

Ana a Panda ali ndi chidwi chofuna kusunthika komanso kuphunzira za dziko lowazungulira, ndipo amakonda kusewera ndikusangalala. Amakhwima ngati anthu okhwima pogonana pafupifupi zaka zisanu.

Koma amakhala ndi mwayi wokwatirana patatha zaka ziwiri. Kutalika kwa zamoyozi kumayeza pafupifupi zaka 20. Boma la China limagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zochuluka chaka chilichonse kuteteza nyama zosowa ndi zachilendozi, zomwe zimanenedwa mdzikolo ngati chuma chamayiko.

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