Nsomba zolusa musamadye chomera komanso chakudya cha nyama. Mwanjira ina, tikulankhula za mitundu ya omnivorous. Ena mwa iwo amasaka osati okhala m'madzi okha.
Mwachitsanzo, ma karangs, mwachitsanzo, amalumpha kuchokera kunyanja, ndikugwira mbalame zikuuluka pamwamba. Shark ndi catfish amadziwika kuti amaukira anthu.
Nsomba zam'madzi zopanda nyama
Nsomba zopanda mamba
Izi nsomba zolanda nsomba akuyimiridwa ndi mitundu yopitilira 10. Ambiri mwa iwo ndi aquarium. Ndi ochepa. Koma mphamba wamba ndiye wamkulu kwambiri nsomba zolanda nyama za mumtsinje... M'zaka zapitazi, adagwira anthu mamitala 5 akulemera pafupifupi 400 kilogalamu. M'zaka za zana la 21, kulemera kwakukulu kwa nsomba zamphamba zomwe zinagwidwa kunali ma 180 kilos.
Nsomba zazing'ono zolusa pakati pa catfish - mitundu yamagalasi. M'chilengedwe, oimirawo amapezeka ku India. Galasi catfish ndiyowonekera, mutu wokha sumawoneka.
Pike nsomba
Pali mitundu isanu ya iwo. Onse amakhala ndi matupi olumikizana ndi masikelo akulu. Amakuta nsomba zonse. Ali ndi mutu wopindika, wolunjika. Pamakhala chofewa pang'ono pamwamba. Mitengo yonse ya pike imakhala ndi nsonga zakuthwa komanso zazitali kumbuyo kwawo. Iye, monga nsonga yonse ya nsombayo, ndi wobiriwira-wobiriwira. Mimba ya nyama ndiyoyera-imvi.
Pike nsomba - nyama zolusa lalikulu, iwo akhoza upambana mita m'litali. Kulemera kwake kwa nsombayo kuli pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 20.
Ma Piranhas
Mitundu ya Piranhas 50. Zamoyo zonse zodya nyama zimakhala m'madzi atsopano a kumadera otentha a ku South America. Kutalika kwa ma piranhas sikupitilira masentimita 50. Kunja, nsomba zimasiyanitsidwa ndi thupi lathyathyathya, silvery, imvi kapena masikelo akuda. Mdima wakuda, chikaso, chofiira kapena lalanje zitha kukhalapo.
Ma piranhas onse ali ndi nsagwada zakumaso zakankhidwira patsogolo. Mano amakona atatu amawoneka. Ndi akuthwa komanso oyandikana kwambiri ndi kumtunda. Izi zimawonjezera mphamvu zowononga kuluma kwa nsomba. Piranha wachikulire aphwanya mosavuta ndodo yokhala ndi m'mimba mwake pafupifupi masentimita awiri.
Pike
Pali mitundu pafupifupi 10 ya iwo m'madzi oyera. Pike ya Aquitaine, yomwe imapezeka m'madzi a France, idapezeka mu 2014 kokha. Mitundu yaku Italiya idasiyanitsidwa ndi enawo mu 2011. Pike ya Amur imasiyana ndimiyeso yazing'ono yaying'ono ndipo ndiyocheperako.
Palinso nsomba zokhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda pamwamba pamaso. Izi zimakhala ku America ndipo siziposa 4 kilos.
Akuluakulu m'banjamo ndi maskinong. Mbali za pikeyi zili ndi mikwingwirima yowongoka. Maskinong amatambasula mpaka 2 mita, yolemera pafupifupi 40 kilos.
Pike ndi nsomba zolusakusewera gawo lamadzi mwadongosolo. Nsomba zofooka, amphibiya ndiwo oyamba kugwera mkamwa mwa chilombo. Khalidwe la kudya zimakula m'banja. Ma piketi akulu amafunitsitsa kudya ang'onoang'ono.
Nsomba
Banjali lili ndi mitundu yoposa 100. Pafupifupi 40% mwa iwo ndi am'madzi kapena theka-anadromous. Pakati pa madzi amchere, omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi nsomba za mumtsinje. Ndi yolumikizana ndi ena mwa mizere yobiriwira yobiriwira mbali.
Chitsanzocho ndi chofooka ngati pansi posungira ndikopepuka. Ngati pansi pali mdima, mwachitsanzo, matope, mikwingwirima m'mbali mwa nsomba imadzaza ndi utoto.
Nsomba - nsomba zodyedwa zamadzikudyetsa mwachangu. Izi ndizowona m'madamu momwe nyama zimakhalira pakati pa mitundu ina. Kuphatikiza pa achinyamata, nyama zazikulu zimadya nsomba zina.
Arapaima
Ndi nyama zolusa zomwe zimapezeka m'malo otentha a Amazon. Pamutu wotalikirapo komanso wophwatalala, pali mbale ya fupa. Pakamwa pakamwa pa arapaima pamlingo wofanana nawo. Thupi lake limakhala lolimba, koma kenako limakhala lophwatalala, likumapita kumchira.
Zipsepsezo, monga za eels, zakula pamodzi. Komabe, thupi la nsombayo silinali lalitali kwambiri. Arapaima amawoneka ngati eel wodulidwa, wofupikitsidwa komanso wokazinga.
Arapaima ali ndi mamba akulu komanso akulu. Imakhala yolimba, yosunthika. Modulus yake ndi nthawi 10 ya fupa.
Arapaima imadyetsa nsomba zapansi, chifukwa imadzisunga yokha pansi. Nyama ikayandama pamwamba, imatha kumeza ngakhale mbalame yomwe ikuuluka pamwamba pamadzi.
Burbot
Amadyetsa ma gudgeon, ma ruffs, kukula kwazing'ono za nsomba zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza mitundu yake. Masharubu oyenda pamutu pa burbot amakopa nyama. Iye amadzibisa mu silt kapena pansi pa snag, mu kukhumudwa pansi. U amamatira ngati nyongolotsi. Nsomba zimafuna kuzidya, koma pamapeto pake, nazonso zimadyedwa.
Burbot ikuphatikizidwa mu Nyanja zolanda nyama ndi mitsinje. Maiwe okhala ndi madzi ozizira, oyera amasankhidwa. Pali burbots kutalika kwa 1.2 mita. Kulemera kwa nsombayo kumatha kufika makilogalamu 30.
Zolemba
Ndiwo nyanja. M'madzi amchere, nsomba zam'banja zimafikira masentimita 30 m'litali. Mitundu inayi yamitsinje yomwe imakokoloka imakhala mpaka masentimita 15. Kukula kumeneku ndikwanira kudyetsa mphutsi za tizilombo ta m'madzi, mazira a nsomba zina.
Ma Ruffs amapeza chakudya m'malo okhala ndi mthunzi, pansi pamadzi. Zowonadi, kumeneko alenje akuyembekeza burbot kudya iwo. Ndi nsomba zolusa bwanji ipambana nkhondoyi - funso lopanda tanthauzo.
Guster
Amakhala wopanda pake, koma amakhala ndi moyo wokonda kucheza. Kuphatikiza apo, bream yasiliva ili ndi mamba ya silvery, koma siili pachikopa chakumbuyo kwa zipsepsezo.
Mnyamata wachinyamata wa siliva amadya zooplankton. Kukula, nsomba zimakonda kudya nkhono. Amathandizidwa ndi ndere komanso magawo am'madzi azomera zapadziko lapansi.
Zowononga nsomba zamadzi amchere
Moray eels
Izi nsomba zolusa m'madzi pali mitundu yoposa 200. Achibale apafupi kwambiri ndi ma eels. Komabe, amapezekanso m'matupi amadzi abwino. Kunja, ma "moray" amakhala ngati njoka. Nsomba zam'banja zimakhala zazitali, zocheperako pang'ono kuchokera mbali.
Thupi limalowera kumchira, ngati leech. Chinsalu chakumbuyo kwa nsombazi chimayambira kumutu mpaka kumapeto kwa thupi. Zipsepse zina kulibe. Kutalika kochepa kwa thupi lamtambo ndi masentimita 60. Oimira mitundu yayikuluyo amatambasula pafupifupi mamitala 4, pomwe akulemera pafupifupi 40 kilogalamu.
Mutu wokulirapo wa moray eel wokhala ndi mawu owopsa ndi pakamwa potseguka pang'ono uli ndi mizere ya mano akuthwa. Pakamwa ndi kotseguka kuti munthu apume. Thupi la diso louma nthawi zambiri limabisika m'ming'alu pakati pamiyala ndi miyala yamiyala. Ndizovuta kusunthira ma gill pamenepo, sipamapezeka mpweya.
Ziphuphu
Pali mitundu 180 ya nyanjayi. Mosiyana ndi ma moray eel, ma eel ndi olimba. Matupi a abale amakhala ndi mitundu. Ziphuphu zimakhalanso zochepa. Moray eels nthawi zina amatha kuwukira anthu. Ku Roma wakale, mwa njira, akapolo olakwa nthawi zina amaponyedwa m'madzi okhala ndi nsomba zam'nyanja.
Ankazisungira kuti aziphikira. Aroma adawona kuti kusala pang'ono kudya ndichabwino.
Monga ma moray eel, ma eel asakaniza mchira, kumbuyo ndi zipsepse za kumatako. Poterepa, pali ma pectorals osiyana. Iwo, monga thupi lonse la eel, ali ndi ntchofu. Nsombazo zilibe mamba. Komabe, ma moray eel alibe mbale zamagulu.
Barracuda
Akuyimiridwa ndi mitundu 27. Amatchedwa akambuku a m'nyanja. Dzina lakutchulidwalo limalumikizidwa ndiukali wa nsombazo. Iye, monga ma moray eels, amazunza ngakhale anthu. Pafupifupi milandu 100 imalembedwa pachaka. Hafu ya ovulalawo amafa ndi mabala awo. Chifukwa chake, barracuda imatha kulembedwa mosamala nsomba zowononga kwambiri nyanja.
Kunja, barracuda amafanana ndi pike, koma alibe ubale nawo. Nyama yam'madzi ndi yam'modzi mwa nsomba zokometsedwa ndi ray. Kutalika kwa barracuda sikupitilira mita. Kulemera koyenera kwa nyama ndi makilogalamu 10.
Zikuwoneka kuti chilombo chamtunduwu sichingavulaze munthu. Komabe, ma barracudas amaphunzitsa nsomba komanso kuwukira limodzi.
Nsomba za nsomba
Amachokera kubanja la batrakh. M'nyanja muli mitundu isanu ya nsomba zachisoni. Dzinali linapatsidwa kwa iwo la mutu wawukulu komanso wokulirapo, titero, utafewetsedwa pamwamba, mkamwa mokwanira, nsagwada yakumunsi ikuyang'ana kutsogolo, maso ozungulira potuluka, ngati khungu lakuda kapena lakuda lobiriwira.
Kutalika kwa oimira mtunduwo sikupitilira masentimita 35. Khungu la nsomba, monga la zitsamba wamba, ndi lamaliseche, lopanda mamba.
Mtundu wa nsomba zachisoni zimatha kusintha, kusintha mitundu ya chilengedwe, pansi. Zimatero mitundu ya nsomba zolusa zoopsa kwambiri. Simungazindikire chule m'madzi osaya, pondani, gwirani. Pakadali pano, thupi la nsombayo lakula kwambiri. Kwa munthu, jakisoni amafa. Komabe, kupsa mtima, kupweteka ndi kutupa pamalo omwe amapezeka poyizoni amatchulidwa.
Shaki
Alipo oposa 400 mwa iwo munyanja ndi m'nyanja. Oimira ena samapitilira masentimita 20 m'litali, pomwe ena amatambasula mpaka 20 mita. Mwachitsanzo, ndi whale shark.
M'njira yachilendo, si chilombo, kudya zooplankton. Nyama yodziwika kwambiri ndi nsomba yoyera, yomwe imatha kutalika mamita 6.
Nsomba zonse zimakhala ndi zofanana. Izi ndi izi: mafupa a cartilaginous, kusapezeka kwa chikhodzodzo, kununkhira bwino, komwe kumalola kuti munthu azinunkhiza magazi makilomita 5-6. Nsomba zonse zimakhalabe ndi ma gill komanso kupuma mpweya, zimakhala ndi thupi lokhazikika. Yotsirizirayi idakutidwa ndi masikelo ndipo adajambula.
Nsomba za singano
Imakhalanso ndi madzi amchere osiyanasiyana. Amakhala m'madamu a India, Burma. Monga ambiri am'madzi, singano yamadzi amchere ndiyochepa, mpaka kutalika kwake 38 masentimita.
Ndi kutalika koteroko, kulemera kwenikweni kwa thupi ndi magalamu mazana angapo. Komabe, thupi la singano ndi locheperako kotero kuti limalemera kangapo. Chifukwa chake, nsomba sizimakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya - pali "navar" yaying'ono.
Achibale apafupi kwambiri a nsombazi ndi nyanja. Komabe, ali ndi msana wabwinobwino. Mafupa a singano ndi obiriwira. Izi sizikugwirizana ndi kawopsedwe. Mtundu wobiriwira umaperekedwa ndi mtundu wopanda vuto wa pigment biliverdin.
Nsomba za mivi
Kuchokera kwa abale akutali a singano, mutha kupeza mafuta olimba. Oyimira akulu amtunduwu akupeza kilogalamu 6. Mivi imayikidwa mwadongosolo pakati pa sargan, ndiye kuti, ili pafupi m'magazi ndi nsomba zouluka.
Ngati singano zitha kulowerera ma crustaceans ndi mwana wakhanda wa nsomba zazing'ono, mivi imadya ma gerbils, sprat, mackerel mwachangu. Amadya garfish ndi gerbil. Mwa njira, singano zimaphatikizidwanso pakudya mivi.
Ziwanda zam'nyanja
Zithunzi za nsomba zolusa chikuyimira mitundu pafupifupi 10 ya ziwanda. Zonsezi zimawoneka kuti zikupanikizika kuchokera kumwamba, ndiye kuti ndizotsika komanso zokulirapo. Thupi limapindika mpaka kumchira. Mutu umakhala magawo awiri mwa magawo atatu oyamba a kutalika kwa mzere. Chifukwa chake, mwambiri, thupi la nsomba limakhala ngati kansalu kamafalitsika pansi.
Pakamwa nsomba ndi akamwe zoziziritsa kukhosi. Nsagwada zakumbuyo zili ndi mano akuthwa. Awerama mkamwa. Nsagwada zakumtunda zili chimodzimodzi. Pakamwa pake pamatseguka ngati njoka. Izi zimalola ziwanda kumeza nyama zazikulu.
Oimira mitundu yayikulu ya monkfish amafika mita 2 m'litali. Pachifukwa ichi, pafupifupi theka la mita imagwera patali ndi kapisozi wowala kumapeto. Tochiyo ili pankhope ya mdierekezi ndipo imakopa nyama. Mdyerekezi yemweyo amabisala pansi, ndikudziika m'matope ndi mchenga.
Nyali yokha ndiyo imatsalira. Nyamayo ikangoyigwira, mdierekezi amameza. Mwa njira, mabakiteriya a fluorescent amawala.
Nsomba zopanda mamba
Izi ndi nsomba zonga eel zomwe zimangokhala m'nyanja zokha. Mwadongosolo, catfish imagawidwa ngati nsomba. Kuluma nsomba zolusa - ndizosowa, popeza chinyama ndichakuya, chimatsikira kumtunda kwa 400-1200 mita. Izi ndichifukwa choti nsomba zam'madzi zimakonda madzi ozizira. Kutentha kwake kuyenera kukhala pansi pamadigiri 5.
Nsombazi zimatha kusambira kumtunda kokha pofunafuna nyama. Komabe, mdani wakeyu nthawi zambiri amapeza akuya, akudya nsomba za jellyfish, nkhanu, starfish, ndi nsomba zina.
Nyamayo imaluma mwa iwo ndi mipeni, mano. Pakati pawo pali mayines. Chifukwa chake, catfish imatchedwanso the sea wolf.
Sangalalani
Sigawidwe m'mitundu. M'banja la bluefishes, pali mtundu umodzi wokhala ndi mtundu umodzi wa nsomba zonga nsomba. Amatha kukhala opitilira mita kutalika. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa bluefish ndi ma 15 kilos.
Kumbuyo kwa thupi labluefish, lathyathyathya kuchokera mbali, kuli zipsepse ndi cheza chamatenda. Kumapeto kwa nsomba kumapangidwa ngati mphanda. Kuphulika kwa pectoral ndi m'mimba kulinso. Iwo, monga thupi lonse labuluu, amajambulidwa ndi buluu. Ili ndi kusakanikirana kobiriwira. Kumbuyo kumakhala mdima nthawi zambiri kuposa pamimba.
Eel-pout
Ili ndi ma subspecies angapo. Zambiri mwa izi ndizofala kapena ku Europe. Palinso thandizo laku America, Kum'mawa. Kugwira nsomba zolusa osatchuka chifukwa cha mawonekedwe onyansa a nyama.
Thupi lofanana ndi eel la utoto wobiriwira limakutidwa ndi masikelo ang'onoang'ono. Khungu la eelpout ndilolimba komanso lolimba. Madzi a burbot amadziwikanso chimodzimodzi.
Monga burbot, eelpout imakonda madzi ozizira. Nthawi yomweyo, nsombayo imakhala m'madzi osaya, pafupi ndi nyanja. Madzi kumeneko amatenthetsa kwambiri kuposa kuya. Chifukwa chake, eelpout imasankha nyanja yozizira, kudyetsa ma mollusks, crustaceans, caviar, mwachangu.
Anadromous nyama zolusa
Sturgeon
Monga nsomba zonse zowopsa, gawo lina lamoyo limasambira munyanja, ndipo linalo mumitsinje. Gulu lili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 20. Pakati pawo: kaluga, Siberia ndi Russian sturgeon, fosholo, beluga, stellate sturgeon, sterlet, munga. Onsewa ndi a cartilaginous, alibe mafupa, omwe akuwonetsa chiyambi chakale.
Mafupa a Sturgeon amapezeka m'malo okhala nyengo ya Cretaceous. Chifukwa chake, nsomba zidakhala zaka 70 miliyoni zapitazo.
Mbalame zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zinagwidwa zikulemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 800. Uku ndikutalika kwamamita 8. Muyesowo ndi pafupifupi 2 mita.
Salimoni
Banja limayimiriridwa ndi nsomba, nsomba za pinki, nsomba zoyera, nsomba za coho, nsomba zoyera kapena, monga amatchulidwanso, nelma. Amakhala ngati nsomba zotuwa, koma amafupikitsa nsidze kumbuyo kwawo. Ili ndi cheza cha 10-16. Kuchokera ku whitefish, yomwe nsomba zimakhalanso zofanana, zotsalazo ndizosiyana ndi mtundu wowala.
Nsomba za Salmon ndizofala komanso ndizosiyanasiyana. Mawu omalizawa amatanthauza kusiyanasiyana kwamitundu yofanana, koma m'malo osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake chisokonezo chamagulu.
Dzina limodzi lingaperekedwe m'maiko osiyanasiyana ndi salmon 2-3. Zimachitikanso kwina, pamene mtundu umodzi uli ndi mayina pafupifupi 10.
Gobies
Iwo ndi a dongosolo la zomveka. Mulinso mitundu ya nsomba 1,359. Pafupifupi 30 a iwo amakhala m'matupi amadzi ku Russia. Onsewo ali pansi, amakhala kufupi ndi gombe. Pali madzi amchere, nyanja komanso zozizwitsa.
Komabe, mamembala onse amtunduwu amalekerera madzi amchere osiyanasiyana. Kuchokera kumphepete mwa nyanja, gobies amasunthira m'mitsinje yomwe ikulowera m'menemo ndipo sabwerera konse. Mitundu yamadzi amchere imatha kusamukiranso kunyanja kukakhazikika. Chifukwa chake, ng'ombe zamphongo zimatchedwa semi-anadromous.
Zakudya za gobies zimaphatikizapo nyongolotsi pansi, molluscs, crustaceans, ndi nsomba zazing'ono. Nyama zazing'ono kwambiri sizipitilira masentimita 2.5 m'litali. Zoyipa zazikulu kwambiri zimakula mpaka masentimita 40.
Bream
Dzinalo limaphatikizidwa mayina a nsomba zolusaPopeza nthumwi ya cyprinids imadyetsa nyongolotsi zamagazi, plankton ndi zina zotere, zopanda mafupa.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, bream semi-anadromous amakhala zaka zosachepera 8 kuposa madzi amchere. M'zaka zapitazi pafupifupi zaka 20 zakubadwa. Zomwezo zitha kunenedwa za carp ina ya semi-anadromous, mwachitsanzo, carp kapena roach.
Nsomba zambiri zolusa zimakhazikika m'madzi ofunda, am'madzi am'madera otentha. Mitundu yonyansa imapezeka kwambiri m'madzi ozizira komanso abwino.