Nereis chozizwitsa china chomwe chilengedwe cha amayi chidatipatsa. Malinga ndi nthano ina, cholengedwa ichi chidatchedwa dzina lachi Greek mulungu Nereus, yemwe adabereka ana aakazi makumi asanu a nymphs zokongola modabwitsa m'moyo wake wonse. Mwachiwonekere, mawonekedwe a nyongolotsi amafanana mwanjira inayake ndi otchulidwawa.
Koma ngati muwonjezera kangapo, ndiye kuti mutha kuzindikira chinjoka chaku China ku nereis. Masharubu omwewo, mawonekedwe osamveka pathupi lonse, kumbuyo konse kuli ndi minga.
Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Nereis nyongolotsi amakhala m'nyanja zotentha zaku Asia, Japan, Caspian, Black, Azov ndi White sea. Ngakhale pansi pa Soviet Union, mzaka makumi anayi zam'zaka zam'ma 2000, akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo adafufuza nyongolotsi iyi ndipo adapindula nayo.
Mu Nyanja ya Caspian, nsomba za sturgeon zidakumana ndi njala yayikulu, pomwe Black Sea ndi Azov nsomba zinali ndi chakudya chochuluka. Chifukwa chake, adaganiza zokhazikitsanso mwachangu Nereis m'madzi a Caspian.
Njira zoyendera sizinali zophweka, zinali zofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mafiriji ndikunyamula nyongolotsi pamtunda wautali. Anthu masauzande angapo adabweretsedwapo, koma patadutsa zaka makumi awiri adayamba kuzika mizu, adabzala pansi panyanja ndikupereka chakudya chokwanira cha nsomba, nkhanu za Kamchatka, nkhono ndi ma mallard amderali.
Nereis ndi nyongolotsi yam'nyanja a banja la Nereid, genus Polychaetae. Ndi masentimita makumi asanu ndi limodzi kutalika, koma pali zitsanzo zokulirapo - nereis wobiriwira. Mtundu wawo ndiwachilendo kwambiri - wobiriwira, wonyezimira pokongoletsa komanso wofiirira. Ziphuphu mbali zonse ziwiri za thupi lake ndizofiira-lalanje.
Nereis ndi amtundu ndalama, ndiwo akale kwambiri. Thupi lawo lalitali limagawika ndi magawano apadera m'magawo, omwe amatha kukhala mazana angapo. Gawo lirilonse limatuluka patali, lokhala ndi chiwalo chachikale komanso masanjidwe kumapeto.
AT kapangidwe ka Nereis Mitundu iwiri ya minofu - yotenga nthawi yayitali komanso yozungulira, mothandizidwa ndi nyama zopanda mafupa zimayenda mosavuta ndikudziyika zokha m'nyanja. Zamkati matupi a nereis kulibe mapapu, chifukwa chake amapuma ndi khungu lawo.
Kugaya kumachitika motere, kudzera pakamwa, mothandizidwa ndi tinyanga, nereis imakankhira chakudya, imalowa mumtsinje wodyetsa, imakumbidwa ndikusiya anus, yomwe ili mbali ina ya nyongolotsi. Mu nyongolotsi zama polychaetal, mutu umawonekera bwino, wokhala ndi maso, ndevu ndi zopindika.
Asayansi adazindikira kuthekera kodabwitsa kwa nyongolotsi iyi, amadziwa kulumikizana wina ndi mnzake. Matenda a khungu la Nereis amatulutsa mankhwala ena ake, omwe amatulutsidwa m'madzi. Zinthu izi zimakhala ndi dzina lomwe tonse timadziwa - ma pheromones.
Mtundu umodzi wa pheromone umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu posaka awiriawiri. Mtundu wina umakhala ndi fungo lina, ukuwazindikira, nereis amamvetsetsa kuti ndikofunikira kuthawa, mdani ali pafupi ndipo nyongolotsi ili pachiwopsezo. Pali pheromone yomwe ili ndi fungo losasangalatsa, lomwe nyama zopanda mafupa zimawopseza mlendo yemwe akuwaukira.
Mothandizidwa ndi chiwalo chapadera, Nereis amatenga tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta fungo limeneli. Pakufufuza kwasayansi, asayansi adayesa kuchotsa chiwalo ichi kwa iwo, ndipo nyongolotsi zidakhala zopanda thandizo, samatha kupeza chakudya ndipo munthawi yake kuti azindikire ndikubisalira mdani.
Pogwirizanitsa mankhwala osiyanasiyana, ndikuwabaya m'madzi ndi nereis nyongolotsi, ofufuzawo amawayang'anitsitsa ndikuwunika momwe akuchitira.
Chifukwa chake, adapeza njira ndi cholinga cha fungo lililonse. Chifukwa chake, mwina chifukwa cha nereis, ma pheromones ndiofala kwambiri komanso masiku ano.
Chikhalidwe ndi njira ya moyo wa Nereis
Nereis, ngakhale, kuyankhula mofatsa, osati mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso owopsa, ndi zolengedwa zamanyazi. Pakachitika ngozi ndi wina, amasankha kuthawa, ndikubowoka pansi pa nyanja.
Amakhala m'madzi akuya komanso m'madzi osaya, m'mitsinje. Amakhala moyo wawo wonse pansi, akubowola mulu wa matope posaka chakudya. Amakhala m'mayenje ang'onoang'ono, kubisalira adani awo, nsomba ndi nkhanu, zomwe zimawadya onse. Njira zowathandizira zimawathandiza kuyenda pansi, ndipo akafunika kusambira amagwiritsa ntchito njirazo ngati zipsepse.
Zakudya zabwino
Pazakudya zawo, a Nereis samangokhala amphaka okha, amadya chilichonse chomwe amakumba kuchokera pansi ndikubwera m'njira yawo. Kaya ndi zomera za m'nyanja, ndere zatsopano komanso zovunda zimatafuna kumabowo.
Samanyoza ngakhale nsomba zakufa, nkhanu kapena nkhono. Ndipo ngati pali nkhanu yowonongeka, ndiye kuti oposa khumi ndi awiri mwa nyongolotsizi amasonkhana kuphwando lotere.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo wa nereis
Pakutha kwa Juni, kutentha kwa mlengalenga, motero, madzi amatuluka, gawo la mwezi panthawiyi liyeneranso kukhala loyenera. Madzi owunikiridwa ndi kuwala kwa mwezi amakopa Nereis kwa iwo okha, ndikulimbikitsa chibadwa chawo kuti chiberekane.
Pofuna kuyesa, Nereis amatha kukopeka ndi njira zopangira, akuunikira kachigawo kakang'ono ka nyanja yam'mawa ndi kuwala kwazosaka. Gulu la mphutsi lidzathamangira ku kuwala uku kuchokera ku ufumu wakuda.
Poyamba kukula, nyongolotsi imasintha kuposa kuzindikira. Maso ake amakula, amajambulidwa ndi utawaleza, thupi lake limakhuthala kwambiri. Njira zowonjezerazo zimakula ndikukula, zopanda mafupa zimatha kusambira, ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimayamba kuzigwiritsa ntchito.
M'magulu zikwi zikwi za a Nereis amathamangira pamwamba pamadzi kuti akapeze wokwatirana naye. Kuchokera kutalika, mbalame sizingalephere kuzindikira kuchuluka kwa nyongolotsi za gramu makumi asanu, ndipo ndipamene amakhala ndi mwayi wodzigulitsa kudzala.
Nsomba, nazonso, pitirizani nazo, osasunthika ngakhale, ingotsegulani pakamwa pawo ndikusambira mpaka unyinji. Msodzi aliyense wodziwa zambiri amadziwa kuti munthawi imeneyi nsomba, itatha kudya nereis yopatsa thanzi, sidzaluma konse nyongolotsi zawo zomvetsa chisoni zomwe zapachikidwa pachikopa.
Feteleza ku Nereis amapezeka modabwitsa: mipata ina imapangidwa mthupi lawo, momwe mazira ndi mkaka zimalowera m'madzi. Chifukwa chake, a Nereis amabereka kamodzi kokha, kenako omwe atopawo amagwa pansi, amabowola pansi, ndikufa patatha sabata.
Koma, palinso wina mtundu wa nereis zomwe zimabereka modabwitsa kwambiri. Choyamba, onsewo ndi obadwa amphongo, ndikubwera kwa nthawi yokwera, mbozi zimathamangira m'mabowo onse kufunafuna yaikazi. Pomaliza, atapeza mayi wamtima, amayamba kuthira mazira onse osasankhidwa.
Atamaliza ntchitoyi, bambo wa Nereis mwachidziwikire amadzutsa chilakolako chofuna kudya mwankhanza mopanda chifundo. Kenako amakhala m'manda ake, amasamalira ana asanabadwe.
Ndipo monga chilango chodyera munthu, patapita kanthawi iye mwini amasandulika kukhala wamkazi. Chomwe chimatsalira kwa iye mtsogolo ndikungokhala ndikudikirira mpaka bambo wina apeze madam omwe angopangidwa kumene ndikumudya.
Ma Trochophores amakula kuchokera kumazira oberekera; amafanana kwambiri ndi chibonga cha mbozi yomangirizidwa ndi septa zingapo zozungulira kuposa nereis yaying'ono. Mphutsi izi zimatha kudzidyetsa zokha, kukula ndikusintha msanga kukhala munthu wamkulu.
Mu mitundu ina ya nereis, mbozi imamera mu dzira, lotetezedwa ndi chipolopolo chachikulu. Kuchokera dzira loterolo, mbozi yathunthu imaswa. Ali ndi mwayi wopulumuka kuposa mphutsi zosambira, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala chakudya cha nsomba zosambira.
Asodzi amadziwa kuti palibe phindu lina kuposa nereis. choncho gulani nereis mwina m'masitolo apadera. Ambiri si aulesi, pitani kuchokocho kukasaka nyambo yawo.
Pezani nyongolotsi ya Nereis zosavuta, ndiyofunika kukumba mozama pansi pamatope, padzakhala ambiri. Omwe akufuna kusungira nyongolotsi kuti adzawagwiritse ntchito mtsogolo amawatengera muchidebe chokhala ndi mpweya wabwino limodzi ndi nthaka ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndikuphimba ndi chivindikiro ndikuwayika pamalo ozizira. Awa akhoza kukhala alumali pansi pa firiji kapena m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba.
Akatswiri a zoologist amadziwa bwino kufunika ndi kufunika kwa nyongolotsi za Nereis mumtsinje wa sturgeon. Chifukwa chake, kuti mitundu yawo isungidwe bwino, panali malingaliro oti nereis mu Red Book.
