Imodzi mwa nyama zofala kwambiri pafupifupi padziko lonse lapansi ndi kalulu. Amapezeka kulikonse, kupatula gawo la Antarctica. Nyama iyi idatchuka chifukwa chokhala osamala, kuthawa mosamala ndikutsata ndikusokoneza mayendedwe ake.
Nyamayi ndi mtundu wosiyana ndipo ndi wa mtundu waukulu wa hares. M'mayiko ambiri, iyi ndi imodzi mwazinyama zotchuka kwambiri. Izi zimathandizidwa ndi njira yotukuka kwambiri ya akalulu, yomwe imatha kubala zipatso kangapo pachaka, ndikupanga ana osachepera 8 nthawi imodzi.
Bwino kuposa kalulu, palibe amene amadziwa kusokoneza mayendedwe. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa anthu otchuka kwambiri m'nthano ndi makatuni, okondedwa ndi ana. Mpaka zaka za zana la 20, sikuti madera onse amakhala ndi iwo. Koma izi zidakonzedwa chifukwa chakukhazikika kwa hares ku North America ndi New Zealand.
Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Tikayang'ana kufotokoza kwa kalulu - iyi ndiimodzi mwamakutu akulu kwambiri pakati pa anzawo onse. Kutalika kwake, kumakhala masentimita 70. Kulemera kwake kumafika 6 kg.
M'chilimwe, pofuna kubisala, malaya a kalulu amasanduka imvi ndi zokongoletsa za utoto wabulauni. M'nyengo yozizira, komabe, kumakhala kopepuka. Chovala chamkati chofunda chimakhala pansi pake.
Mutha kusiyanitsa kalulu ndi nyama zina zonse chifukwa chamakutu ake ataliatali. Ichi si chiwalo changomvetsera chinyama chokha, komanso njira yabwino yopulumutsira fluffy kuti asatenthe nyengo yotentha kwambiri. Mothandizidwa ndi malo akumakutu, osaphimbidwa ndi ubweya, kutentha kwakukulu kumatulutsidwa mthupi la nyama.
Ndizosangalatsa kuwona momwe kalulu amathawira kumvula. Imakanikiza mosamala makutu mpaka kumutu ndikuwateteza mosamala kumadzi. Kupatula apo, ali ndi ntchito ina yofunikira kwambiri - kupulumutsa nyama ku ngozi zomwe zitha kuchitika, zomwe makutu, monga okhala, amazigwira patali.
Kutalika kwawo kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 15. Mchira wa kalulu ndi wakuda, wokulirapo. Maso ndi ofiira ndi khungu lofiirira. Tsitsi lakuda limatha kuwoneka pa nsonga zamakutu chaka chonse.
Kalulu amatha kukhala ndi liwiro lalikulu, lomwe nthawi zina limafika mpaka 50 km / h. Izi ndi mtundu wa malaya amadziwika kuti ndizofunikira. kusiyana pakati pa kalulu ndi kalulu. Ndizosatheka kusiyanitsa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi ndi utoto wa malaya.
Zidutswa za steppe ndi nkhalango ndiye malo okhala nyama zofulumira izi. Hares amakonda nyengo yotentha, youma ndi masiku ambiri kuli dzuwa.
Mutha kukumana ndi ma Russia pafupifupi ku Europe konse, kupatula Spain ndi Scandinavia. Zakhala zikupezeka ku Asia, Kazakhstan, Altai. Posachedwa, ma hares adabweretsedwa ku Australia, America, New Zealand ndipo adakhazikika bwinobwino kumeneko.
Nyama zimakhala zomasuka paphiri lokhalokha ndi tchire lachilengedwe komanso nkhalango. M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi zambiri amapezeka pafupi ndi nyumba za anthu. Chifukwa chake zimakhala zosavuta kuti zilowerere nyengo yozizira yozizira.
Maonekedwe a kalulu anafotokoza momveka bwino kuti aliyense yemwe ngakhale kwa nthawi yoyamba m'moyo wake adakumana naye amadziwa kuti ndi iyeyo, osati nthumwi ina ya mtundu wa kalulu.
Chimodzi mwazofotokozera zizindikiro za kalulu ndichizolowezi chawo chokhala m'malo otseguka. Malo omwe amakonda kwambiri ndi malo olimapo. Malo omwe nyama sizikhala ndi mavuto ndi chakudya.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Ma hares aku Europe amakonda kukhala okha. Ndi m'nyengo yokwatirana yokha pamene angapeze wokwatirana naye. Ndikosavuta kuti azitsogolera usiku. Madzulo atangolowa, kalulu amapita kumalo ogulitsira zakudya. Nthawi yotsala, chinyama chimakhala m'malo obisika, kutali ndi adani omwe angathe, omwe oblique amakhala nawo okwanira.
Nyama zimakhala ndi luso lodzibisa. Nthawi zina amatha kubisala kotero kuti ndizosatheka kuwazindikira ngakhale atakhala pafupi kwambiri.
Hares alibe nyumba imodzi. Amangoyang'ana nyumba zawozawo. M'chilimwe, osati mabowo akuya kwambiri mu tchire kapena udzu wamtali womwe amakhala pothawirapo. Ndi mwayi wambiri, wamakutu amatha kupeza mbira kapena nkhandwe yomwe yasiyidwa. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, imatha kukhazikika pansi pa chitsamba.
M'nyengo yozizira, kukhumudwa pang'ono komwe kumakumbidwa m'chipale chofewa kumakhala pothawirako. Amasankha malo kuti pasakhale mphepo. Hares sawasamalira. Amatha kukhala chete komanso osawoneka bwino mwakuti ngakhale nyama yolusa kwambiri nthawi zina samawazindikira. Osiyanasiyana samapanga mawu osafunikira.
Koma pakagwa zoopsa, aliyense mozungulira, kuphatikiza abale awo, amatha kumva phokoso lawo lofuula komanso lamphamvu. Kuphatikiza pa kulira, ma hares amachenjeza za ngozi munjira ina yapadera - amayamba kugwedeza mwamphamvu pansi. Code iyi ya Morse imathandizira ma hares ambiri kuthawa adani.
Makamaka hares amakhala m'malo amodzi. M'nyengo yozizira, amakhulupirira kwambiri m'malo okhala ndi chipale chofewa pang'ono. Pokhapokha pakapangidwe ka madzi oundana ndimomwe mungasamukire kumalo ena. Kuti mupeze chakudya chanu hares zachisanu muyenera kuyenda mtunda wa makilomita makumi.
Kuwonjezera pa kudya liwiro la kalulu ndipo ali ndi talente ina yovuta - amatha kusambira mwangwiro. Kuopsa kumeneku kumapangitsa kalulu kudina pakamwa pake mokweza. Ndipo amene wagwidwa amalira modabwitsa kwambiri.
Nyama yakula bwino osati kumva kokha, komanso kuwona ndi fungo. Chifukwa chake mumuzembele ndipo chitani chithunzi ndi kalulu pafupifupi zosatheka. Zimakhalanso zovuta kuti tipeze, chifukwa amayamba kuthamanga kwambiri.
Poyerekeza kuthamanga kalulu ndi kalulu woyera, ndiye kuti liwiro lakale limathamanga kwambiri. Amalumpha ndikusambira bwino kuposa mnzake woyera. Nyama zonsezi zimawerengedwa kuti ndi zosaka. Ali ndi nyama yokoma kwambiri komanso khungu lofewa, lofunda.
Zakudya zabwino
Nyama yotchedwa herbivore iyi siyosankha kwambiri chakudya. Chinthu chachikulu kwa hares ndikuti akhale. Kwa iwo, chomera chilichonse chakumunda chimakhala chokoma. Kuphatikiza apo, hares amatha kuidya yonse, kuyambira kumizu. Anthu okhudzidwa omwe amakhala pafupi ndi midzi nthawi zambiri amalowa m'minda ya anthu ndipo amadya kaloti omwe amawakonda komanso kabichi.
M'nyengo yozizira, makungwa a mitengo, mbewu zamasamba, zotsalira zosiyanasiyana za zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Komanso, tirigu wachisanu, yemwe amapeza pansi pa chipale chofewa, amawapulumutsa ku njala.
Mukamayendera madera am'munda, hares nthawi zina amabweretsa mavuto osasinthika kwa wamaluwa. Mtengo wawo womwe amawakonda ndi mtengo wa apulo, amangokhalira kuvutika kuposa mitengo yonse yazipatso.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti sikuti nthawi zonse njala imakakamiza hares kuti akunkhe mitengo ya maapulo. Nyama nthawi zonse zimamera mano, zomwe zimayesera kugaya pamalo olimba. Kotero, panthawi imodzimodziyo zimakhala ndi zakudya zopsereza.
Nthawi zambiri, hares samadya bwino chakudya chokhazikika, motero nthawi zambiri amadyera ndowe zawo, zomwe zimathandizira kuzindikira zinthu zofunika.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Kumayambiriro kwa masika, nyengo yokhwima imayamba ndi hares. Zimakhala mpaka kumayambiriro kwa dzinja. Nthawi yonseyi, kalulu atha kukhala ndi ana anayi. Ndizosangalatsa kuwonera masewera akuswana a kalulu ndi kalulu.
Zimachitika mwachilendo kwa iwo. Nthawi zambiri, munyama zambiri, mpikisano wachikazi umachitika pakati pa amuna. Kwa hares, zinthu zimachitika mosiyana pang'ono.
Pakati pa champhongo ndi chachikazi, atayimirira ndi miyendo yawo yakumbuyo, zomwe zimatchedwa "nkhonya za kalulu" zimachitika, pomwe mkazi amayesetsa kulera mnzake. Amawonetsa kukonzeka kwake kwa mating pothawa. Yamphongo yofooka nthawi zambiri imatsalira m'mbuyomu. Olimba amapambana, ndipo amalandila ulemu wokhala tate wabanja.
Mimba imakhala mpaka masiku 42. Kuchuluka kwa hares obadwa kumafika anthu asanu ndi atatu. Amapezeka mumphako wokutidwa ndi moss wodziyimira payokha. Kwa mwezi wathunthu, kalulu amadyetsa anawo mkaka.
Nthawi zina amatha kutha masiku angapo. Zikatero, kalulu wina, mayi woyamwitsa yemweyo, amasamalira ma hares. Pafupifupi miyezi 8 zakubadwa, akalulu amakula msanga pakugonana.
Mkazi amayesetsa kuti asasunge ana onse pamulu umodzi. Amatenga njira yochenjera yoteteza chilombocho kuti zisamenyane ndi ana ake onse. Kutalika kwa moyo wa kalulu kuthengo kumatenga zaka 6-15.
