Pali mitundu ingapo ya amphaka okhala ndi mchira wofupikitsa, yotchuka kwambiri yomwe ndi manx kapena mphaka wa Manx. Mitunduyi idapeza dzina kuchokera komwe idachokera - Isle of Man, boma lomwe lili munyanja ya Ireland, motsogozedwa ndi Britain.
Mulingo wamphaka wa Manx ndi nyama yopanda mchira. Pali anthu omwe ali ndi mchira wofupikitsidwa wa 2-3 cm.Manxes ena, amakula mpaka kukula. Zachilengedwe zomwe zimafuna za mchira wa mphaka sizidziwika.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18 ndi koyambirira kwa zaka za 19th, azungu adakumana ndi mphaka wopanda mchira kuchokera ku Isle of Man. Gwero la mtunduwo silikudziwika. Malinga ndi nthano, nyama yoyamba yopanda mchira idagwera pagombe la chilumbacho kuchokera ku imodzi mwazombo zaku Spain zomwe zidasokonekera zomwe zinali m'gulu lankhondo lodziwika bwino la Armada.
Nthano ndi zikhalidwe zimaphatikizaponso zonena za alimi akumaloko kuti amphaka a Maine adawoneka chifukwa chodutsa mphaka ndi kalulu. Izi zikufotokozera kupezeka kwa mchira, miyendo yakumbuyo yolimba komanso nthawi zina yolumpha. Mwachilengedwe, izi sizingachitike m'moyo weniweni.
Isle of Mans amakonda kwambiri nthano za m'Baibulo. Malinga ndi nthano, Nowa adamenyetsa chitseko m'chingalawa nthawi yamvula. Nthawi yomweyo, mphaka anali kuyesa kulowa m'malo obisalapo. Anatsala pang'ono kuchita bwino, mchira wokha udadulidwa. Kuchokera pa nyama yomwe idaduka mchira polowa mchombo, amphaka onse a Mainx ndi amphaka adachokera.
Akatswiri a zamoyo amati poyamba pachilumbachi panali amphaka wamba ku Central Europe. Munthu m'modzi kapena angapo asintha kusintha kwa chibadwa chawo. Kukhalapo pachilumbachi kunalola kuti jini yolakwika ifalikire ndikukula pakati pa amphaka am'deralo.
Kuphatikiza pa jini lomwe limayang'anira kutalika kwa mchira, amphaka a Manx apanga mikhalidwe ingapo yabwino m'moyo wawo pachilumbachi. Amphaka, omwe amakhala m'mafamu, akhala akugwira makoswe mwabwino kwambiri. Pogwira ntchito ndi anthu, ma Manks adakulitsa nzeru zawo pafupifupi mpaka agalu, adakhala ndi chikhalidwe chovomerezeka, adazolowera kuchita zochepa.
Manxes adapezeka pazowonetsa mphaka m'zaka za zana la 19. Mu 1903, muyeso woyamba wofotokozera mphaka wa Manx udasindikizidwa. Izi zimatilola kuti tiwone mtunduwo ngati wakale kwambiri.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Mbali yaikulu ya Manks ndi mchira. Felinologists kusiyanitsa mitundu inayi ya michira:
- rumpy - mchira kulibe kwathunthu, chichereŵechereŵe chomwe chikusonyeza chiyambi cha mchira chitha kutsimikizika ndi kukhudza kokha;
- stumpy (chitsa) - mchira umawonetsedwa ndi ma vertebrae, osapitilira 3 cm;
- chopondera (chachifupi) - mchira wautali wautali, wopangidwa ndi ma vertebrae wamba osasakanikirana;
- Kutalika (kutalika) - mchira wautali wabwinobwino komanso kuyenda, wautali manx kujambulidwa Zikuwoneka ngati mphaka wachingerezi wachidule.
Pali mitundu ya amphaka a Manx omwe ali ndi mchira wathunthu ndipo pali amphaka omwe ali ndi "nthambi" yoonekera
Amphaka a Maine ndi nyama zapakatikati. Amuna samapitilira 4.8 kg, wamkazi wamkulu amatha 4 kg. Mutu wa amphaka a Manx ndi ozungulira. Ndi makutu, maso, mphuno ndi ndevu zazingwe molingana ndi kukula kwa chigaza, zomwe zimakonda kwambiri amphaka aku Europe. Khosi ndi lalitali.
Chifuwa cha nyama ndichachikulu, mapewa akutsetsereka. Thupi limakhala lathyathyathya mbali, popanda mimba yopunduka. Miyendo yakumbuyo ya nyama ndiyodabwitsa: ndi yayitali kwambiri kuposa yakutsogolo. Kubwerera kutuluka m'mapewa kupita ku sacrum yayikulu.
Amphaka oyambitsa mtunduwo anali ndi tsitsi lalifupi kwambiri. Pambuyo pake, nyama zamtundu wautali komanso Manks zopotana zimabadwa. Mitundu yonse ya malaya ndi magawo awiri: ndi tsitsi loteteza komanso chovala chamkati chamkati.
Zaka zana zapitazo, pafupifupi amphaka onse a Mainx anali ndi mtundu wachikazi wa feline - anali otuwa ndi mikwingwirima (tabby). Obereketsa agwira ntchito, tsopano mutha kupeza manks amitundu yonse ndi mitundu. Miyezo yamabungwe otsogola otsogola imalola mitundu khumi ndi itatu yosankha mitundu.
Mitundu
Atakhala patali pachilumba cha Man kwa nthawi yayitali, amphaka apita ku Europe ndi North America. Obereketsa anayamba kuswana mitundu yatsopano. Zotsatira zake, Mtundu wa mphaka wa Manx kugawanika mu nthambi zingapo. Manx wautali. Mtundu uwu uli ndi dzina lapakati - Cymric. Imabwerera ku dzina lachi Welsh la Wales, ngakhale amphaka samalumikizidwa ndi malowa.
Manx waubweya wautali amapezeka kuchokera kusakanikirana ndi siliva waku Persian, Himalayan ndi amphaka ena. Mabungwe a American and Australia Cat Fanciers 'Associates aphatikizira a Longhaired Cimriks mumtundu wa Manx monga kusiyanasiyana kwa Longhaired.
World Association of Felinologists (WCF) ili ndi lingaliro lina: lasindikiza muyeso wosiyana wa Cimriks. Maganizo a akatswiri azachikhalidwe amasiyana. Akatswiri ena amaganiza kuti wosakanizidwa ndi mtundu wodziyimira pawokha, pomwe ena sawona zifukwa zokwanira.
Chifukwa chakuchepa kwa mchira, ma Manks ali ndi miyendo yakumbuyo yolimba kwambiri.
Manx wamfupi ndi mchira wautali. Mwanjira zonse, izi zimagwirizana ndi mphaka woyambayo wopanda mchira. Mtundu wodziyimira pawokha wa nyama zazitali zazitali umadziwika kokha ndi New Zealand Cat Fanciers Association (NZCF).
Nyama izi ndizofunikira popanga ana achidule. Pobereka ana amphaka athanzi, m'modzi mwa makolowo ayenera kukhala ndi mchira wathunthu, wautali.
Manx wautali (kimrick) wokhala ndi mchira wautali. Felinologists samasiyanitsa mtundu uwu wa Kimrik kukhala mtundu wodziyimira pawokha. New Zealand Cat Fanciers 'Association (NZCF) sagwirizana ndi malingaliro wamba. Wakhazikitsa miyezo yake ya Kimrik wautali.
Manx wa Tasmanian. Mitunduyi idatchedwa ndi Nyanja ya Tasman, kulekanitsa New Zealand ndi Australia. Choyamba mphaka manx ndi chivundikiro chopotana. Omwe akubzala ku New Zealand apititsa patsogolo kusinthaku. Anazindikira Curly Manx ngati mtundu wosiyana.
Manxes Opotana abweretsa zosiyanasiyana, zawonjezera kuchuluka kwa zosankha za amphaka opanda mchira. Felinologists amayenera kuthana ndi nyama zazifupi za Tasmanian, zazitali, zazifupi komanso zazitali.
Zakudya zabwino
Chakudya chokonzekera chimakhala bwino ndi chakudya chokometsera mukamadyera amphaka a Maine. Koma mukamagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yonse yazakudya, m'pofunika kuganizira mphamvu zake, vitamini, ndi mchere.
Zinyama zolimbitsa thupi zimathera 80-90 kcal pa kg ya kulemera kwa thupi, amuna okalamba amatha kuchita 60-70 kcal / kg. Amphaka ali ndi zaka 5 masabata amafuna 250 kcal pa kg ya kulemera kwa thupi. Pang'onopang'ono, kufunika kwa mphamvu kumachepa. Pakatha masabata 30, nyama zimadya 100 kcal / kg.
Zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zamphaka zoyamwitsa zimatengera kuchuluka kwa mphalapala, kuyambira 90 mpaka 270 kcal pa kg ya kulemera kwa thupi. Kukhalapo kwa mavitamini ndi mchere sikofunikira kuposa gawo lamagetsi la chakudya. Kwa Manx, calcium ndi phosphorous ndizofunikira kwambiri, zomwe zimalimbitsa mafupa a nyama.
Ma tank ali ndi mawonekedwe ngati agalu, amphaka ndi okoma mtima komanso okhulupirika
Kuyamwa kwa calcium kumathandizidwa ndi kupezeka kwa vitamini D. Chakudya. Amphaka athanzi ali ndi michere yokwanira ndi mavitamini omwe ali mchakudya. Kwa amphaka odwala, amphaka, ana amphaka, malinga ndi malingaliro a veterinarians, zowonjezera zowonjezera zimaphatikizidwanso pazakudya.
Pokonza chakudya kunyumba, mwini chiweto amakhala ndi mphamvu pazakudya zamphaka zamphamvu komanso za mavitamini. Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku za Manx wamkulu zimaphatikizapo:
- Nyama yamafuta ochepa, chiwindi, mtima, zina zonyansa - mpaka 120 g.
- Nsomba zam'nyanja - mpaka 100 g.
- Cottage tchizi, mkaka - mpaka 50 g.
- Mbewu ngati mawonekedwe a chimanga - mpaka 80 g.
- Masamba, zipatso - 40 g.
- Dzira la nkhuku - 1-2 ma PC. mu Sabata.
- Mavitamini ndi michere ya michere.
Nyama ndi nsomba zimakonda kuphikidwa chifukwa choopa matenda a helminths. Mbatata, kabichi amawiritsa kapena amawotcha kuti apangitse kugaya bwino. Amphaka a Manx, monga ziweto zina, nthawi zambiri amapeza zidutswa za tebulo la ambuye. Pachifukwa ichi, lamuloli ndi losavuta: mafupa a tubular, maswiti (makamaka chokoleti) saloledwa, ndibwino kuchita popanda soseji, mkaka ndi chakudya chokazinga.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Amphaka a Manx amakhala achikulire mochedwa, ali ndi zaka 1.5. Mukakwatirana amphaka, lamuloli limasungidwa: mnzake alibe mchira, wachiwiri ali ndi mchira wabwinobwino. Kawirikawiri amphaka 2-3 amabadwa, mchira mwa ana obadwa kumene umakhala wopanda, wofupikitsa kapena wautali.
Manks amakhala bwino ndi agalu ndi ana aang'ono.
M'masiku akale, obereketsa amatha kudula michira ya mphaka ngati kutalika sikukumana ndi ziyembekezo. Mabungwe ambiri azachikhalidwe aletsa ntchitoyi, kuti asaphwanye kapangidwe kachilengedwe komanso kuti asasokeretse amtsogolo. M'miyezi yoyambirira ya moyo, matenda a Manx amatha kuwonekera. Amphaka odwala amafa kapena ayenera kutayidwa.
Zovuta zakubadwa zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kusakhazikika zimafotokoza kuti kuswana kwa Manx kumachitika ndi oweta odziwa bwino ntchito yoyang'aniridwa ndi ziweto. Amphaka amphaka amakula msanga, amadwala pang'ono ndikuyamba kukalamba ali ndi zaka 14-15. Pali azaka zana limodzi omwe amakhalabe osewera ali ndi zaka 18.
Kusamalira ndi kukonza
Amphaka a Maine safuna chisamaliro chapadera. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuti muzitsuka malaya nthawi ndi nthawi. Mwanjira imeneyi, samachotsa tsitsi lakufa lokha, khungu limasisitidwa ndikutsukidwa, munthawi imeneyi, kulumikizana, kumvana pakati pa nyama ndi munthu kumalimbikitsidwa. Njira zingapo zimachitika nthawi zonse:
- Makutu ndi maso a nyama zimayesedwa tsiku lililonse, kutsukidwa ndi nsalu yonyowa. Ngati mukukayikira kuti muli ndimatenda, nyamayo imawonetsedwa kwa veterinarian.
- Njira zapadera sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri kutsuka mano. Ndikokwanira kuyika chakudya chotafuna m'mbale ya nyama, kutafuna komwe kumachotsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta chakudya ndi zolengeza.
- Zikhadabo za amphaka zimadulidwa kawiri pamwezi.
- Matanki amatsukidwa 1-2 pachaka. Kupatula amphaka owonetsa, omwe amatsukidwa ndi shampu asanalowe mphete.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa mtunduwo
Ma Manks ali ndi zabwino zambiri.
- Maonekedwe a mphaka wopanda mchira, kunja kwake, ndizosadabwitsa poyerekeza ndi nyama wamba za mchira.
- Mabanki ndi odzichepetsa, safuna kukhala mndende, kudyetsa.
- The Manks ndi anzawo abwino. Amakhala ofatsa, anzeru kwambiri, komanso amakonda kwambiri eni eni.
- The Manks sanataye mikhalidwe yawo yachilengedwe ndipo amakhala okonzeka nthawi zonse kuyamba kugwira makoswe.
- Mphaka wa Manx ndi mtundu wosowa kwambiri. Mwini wake amanyadira kuti ndi mwini wa nyama yosawerengeka komanso yamtengo wapatali.
Mtunduwo uli ndi mawonekedwe angapo omwe angawoneke ngati zovuta.
- Kufalikira kotsika kwa amphaka a Mainx kumatha kukhala vuto: ndizovuta kupeza mphaka, ndiokwera mtengo.
- Amphaka a Maine sali achonde kwambiri. Pachiyambi cha moyo, ana amphaka amayamba kubedwa: sizinthu zonse zomwe zimakhala zotheka.
Matenda omwe angakhalepo
Manks amaonedwa ngati olimba, nyama zodwala kawirikawiri. Pakuwoneka koyambirira komwe kumalumikizidwa ndikusowa kwa mchira, nyama nthawi zina zimayenera kulipira ndi thanzi lawo. Matenda onse am'mimba ndi am'mimba am'mazinyama agwirizana ndi dzina "Manx's syndrome". Izi zikutsimikizira kuti gwero lawo lalikulu ndikusowa kwa mchira, makamaka, kupezeka kwa jini yomwe imapangitsa kuti pakhale wopanda zingwe.
Ma Manks ena amatha kukhala ndi vuto la msana, ndipo amphaka ambiri amakhala athanzi.
Cholakwika chofala kwambiri ndi spina bifida (Latin Spina bifida). Chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa chubu cha neural chomwe chimachitika nthawi ya fetus kukula, zolakwika mumtsempha wamtsempha ndi msana wonse zimawonekera. Sazindikira msanga mwana wamphaka wobadwa.
Kuyenda ndikuyimirira mu theka-squat, "kulumpha kuyenda", chimbudzi ndi kulephera kwamikodzo ndi zizindikiro za matenda a Manx. Nthawi zina amawoneka pang'ono, makamaka wodwalayo mphaka manx Amwalira ali ndi miyezi 4-6.
Kuphatikiza pa matenda amsana, msana, mavuto amitsempha okhudzana ndi izi, Manx amatha kudwala matenda "achilengedwe". Polumikizana ndi nyama zina poyenda, Manxes amatenga kachilombo ka helminths, amatenga nthata, komanso amatenga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pakhungu.
Menks matenda a impso ndi msinkhu (miyala, pyelonephritis, aimpso kulephera). Kudya mopitirira muyeso, kusayenda bwino kumabweretsa matenda amtima, matenda ashuga, kutupa kwa m'mimba, ndi zina zambiri.
Mtengo
Malo abwino kwambiri ogulira amphaka a Mainx ndi cattery. Wobzala odziwika ndibwinonso kugula Manx yokhala ndi mbiri yabwino. Njira yachitatu yopezera amphaka opanda mchira ndikulumikizana ndi munthu wachinsinsi. Mulimonsemo, kufunafuna chiweto chamtsogolo kumayambira pakuwona zotsatsa pa intaneti.
Mtengo wamphaka wa Manx mkulu, komabe, kuti tipeze izi ku malo osungira ana ndi oweta omwe amakhala pamzere. Tiyenera kudikirira mpaka zitakhala zotheka kusinthana ndalama zokwana madola 400-2000 aku US kuti tipeze Manx opanda zingwe.
