Demodectic mange agalu - kuwonongeka kwa nyama ndi nthata za Demodex. Amatha kupezeka ochepa nyama zathanzi. Koma ndi kuchepa kwa chitetezo chokwanira, kuchuluka kwa tiziromboti kumawonjezeka, matenda amtundu wosiyanasiyana amapezeka.
Kufotokozera ndi mbali ya matenda
Azimayi owona zamatenda a m'zaka za zana la 19 adanena kuti demodicosis ndi mtundu wapadera wa nkhanambo. Wothandizira matendawa anadziwika mu 1841, mu 1843 mtundu wa nkhupakupa za Demodex unalowa m'gulu lachilengedwe, m'banja la nkhupakupa zachitsulo.
Pakadali pano, mitundu yosachepera 143 ya nkhupakupa yomwe ili ndi majeremusi yazindikirika yomwe yasankha nyama zosiyanasiyana kukhala zokhala nazo. Mtundu uliwonse wa Demodex ukuloza wonyamula winawake ndipo sungafalitsidwe, mwachitsanzo, kuyambira paka mpaka galu kapena mosemphanitsa.
Matenda a canine kufalitsidwa kumayiko onse, m'maiko onse. Agalu, amapezeka mwa mawonekedwe a kutupa kwa khungu ndi hyperkeratosis. Chifukwa cha demodicosis ndi nthata za thrombidiform Demodex canis. Mocheperako, mitundu ina iwiri yokhudza agalu imadziwika - Demodex injai, yomwe imakhala kumbuyo ngati seborrhea, ndi Demodex cornei, yomwe imapezeka pakhungu.
Matenda akuluakulu a demodex ndi ma arachnids 0,3-0.4 mm kukula. Ali ndi chowulungika, chopindika patali ndi miyendo 4 ya miyendo yomwe ili patsogolo pa thupi. Amakhala m'malo opangira tsitsi, komwe amadyetsa maselo aminyewa.
Kukhala m'thupi lakunja, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timafa msanga. Nthawi yonse yamoyo imangodutsa thupi la galu. Ndi anthu angati omwe alipo omwe sakudziwika bwinobwino, koma magawo amakulidwe kuchokera ku dzira kupita ku imago (tizilombo tating'ono) nkhupakupa imadutsa masiku 24-30. Ziphuphu za tsitsi sizokhazo zomwe zimakhala ndi tiziromboti. Amapezeka m'matenda am'mimba, matumbo, ndi ziwalo zamkati.
Mitundu ya matenda
Kusiyanitsa 2 mitundu ya canine demodicosis:
- Zosavuta, zakomweko kapena zam'deralo.
Amadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa malo angapo (osapitilira 5) malo ochepa pakhungu lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi matendawa.
- Zazikulu kapena zowombetsa mkota.
Matenda amtunduwu amapezeka ngati madera 6 kapena kuposerapo akhungu akhudzidwa ndipo gawo lililonse la thupi limawonongeka. Mawonekedwe omwe amakhudza galu wamkulu samachiritsidwa. Mukachira, mwayi wobwereranso ndi wapamwamba.
Mawonekedwe akomweko nthawi zambiri amayamba ndi nyama zazing'ono. Zimakhudza amuna ndi ana a mitundu yonse mofanana. Matendawa samakhudza kwambiri mkhalidwe wa chinyama, amangosintha pakusintha kwaubweya ndi khungu.
Patapita nthawi (miyezi 2-4), zizindikiro za matenda kutha ngakhale pakalibe mankhwala. Kuwonetseredwa kwakanthawi kwakanthawi kwa demodicosis, nthawi zambiri, kumachitika chifukwa cha kupsinjika kapena zinthu zina zomwe zimachepetsa chitetezo cha galu.
Matenda am'deralo amayamba kuwonekera ngati kupatulira tsitsi mozungulira zikope - kumayamba demodicosis m'maso mwa agalu. Mphepete mozungulira milomo ya nyama imazimiririka. Pamiyendo yakutsogolo, madera amawoneka omwe amafanana ndi chophimba cha ubweya wa njenjete. Ndi 10% yokha yanyama yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka sangathe kulimbana ndi matendawa - acariasis imakhala yodziwika bwino.
Matendawa amatha kupezeka popanda kudutsa njira zakomweko. Kutengera zaka za galu, mawonekedwe ophatikizika amagawika m'magulu awiri:
- Mtundu wachinyamata - amatanthauza agalu osakwanitsa zaka zitatu. Kufotokozera kwamankhwala ndikabwino. Agalu ambiri amadzichiritsa okha popanda mankhwala.
- Mtundu wa anthu akuluakulu - amatanthauza matenda agalu okalamba. Demodecosis ikutsatira kusintha kwamatenda komwe kwachitika mthupi: khansa, matenda a endocrine, poyizoni wa mankhwala, ndi zina zambiri.
Kutuluka kwa acariasis adakali mwana kumawonetsa kutengera kwa nyama inayake ku matendawa. Pogwiritsa ntchito kuswana kwa agalu, nyama yotere imadulidwa, yotsekedwa kuti ipondereze cholowa cha demodicosis. Iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yochepetsera mwayi wa ana, omwe angadwale ndi parasitosis.
Ndi mtundu wonse wa matendawa, bwalo lotsekedwa, loipa limapezeka. Chitetezo cha mthupi la nyama sichili bwino. Nkhupakupa zomwe sizimalimbana ndi thupi zimayamba kuchulukana, kudyetsa mwachangu, ndikumatulutsa poizoni wochulukirapo.
Thupi la nyama yomwe walandirayo yafooka. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayamba kulowa m'magazi ndipo timakhudza ziwalo zamkati za galu. Chitetezo cha mthupi chimatha. Nkhupakupa zomwe zimatsutsana pang'ono zimachulukirachulukira. Pambuyo pake, cachexia imalowa ndipo galu amwalira.
Mitundu ya agalu yomwe imayambitsa matendawa
Panalibe kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi mwanjira ya agalu ku demodicosis. Ziphuphu ndi amuna amadwala pafupipafupi. Zima zimakhala pafupifupi theka (47%) pazochitika zonse za demodicosis, 41% ya agalu amadwala masika, 8% mchilimwe, ndi 4% kugwa.
Azimayi ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana akhala akuwona zambiri za kufalikira kwa acariasis pakati pa nyama za mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Zidapezeka kuti agalu ang'onoang'ono amadwala pafupipafupi kuposa agalu achibale.
Agalu atsitsi lalifupi amapanga 60% azachipatala azachipatala omwe ali ndi demodicosis. Zotalika - 40%. Izi sizikutanthauza kutalika kwa tsitsi, koma ndikukula kwakukula kwa tiziwalo tosaoneka tomwe timasakanikirana ndi tsitsi lalifupi.
Madokotala ku Dresden Veterinary Clinic adasankhira mitunduyo malinga ndi kutengeka ndi acariasis. Fox Terriers, Rottweilers, Miniature Pinschers amayamba mndandanda. Malizitsani - ma schnauzers, airedale terriers, mastiffs.
Azinyama aku Russia amapereka chidziwitso chofananira: Ma Rottweiler atha kudwala, nthawi zambiri ma bulldogs ndi ma mastiffs. Palibe kukayika pa chowonadi chimodzi: agalu amatengera matendawa, mwa omwe anali ndi ziweto zomwe zidagonjetsedwa ndi demodicosis.
Zizindikiro
Kumayambiriro koyambirira, zizindikilo zakunja kwa mitundu yosavuta komanso yodziwika bwino ya matendawa ndizofanana. Demodectic mange agalu pachithunzichi imawoneka ngati alopecia. Madera omwe akhudzidwa sakhala ndi tsitsi: pakatikati, pang'ono - panjira yolunjika. Tsitsi lotsalalo ndi lalifupi komanso lofooka. Khungu limatuluka, limasanduka lofiira, limakhala lopunduka, ma comedones amapangidwa.
Ndi mtundu wonse wamatenda, chisindikizo chimamveka pakulimba kwa khungu. Nthawi zambiri pali matenda opatsirana - pyodemodecose. Pyoderma akhoza kukhala ngati folliculitis kapena furunculosis. Deep pyoderma imatha kutsagana ndi septicemia.
Zovuta, makamaka nkhandwe, sizikhala ndi tsitsi m'malo omwe akhudzidwa. M'malo mwake, khungu ndi chovalacho zimakhala zonenepa. Zizindikiro zina zonse sizimasiyana ndi mitundu ina.
Kuphatikiza pa kuwonongeka kwakomweko, zotsatira magawo a demodicosis agalu pamakhala kusintha konse kwa ubweya ndi khungu. Ubweyawo umawaza ndi mamba a epidermis, umasokonezeka, umatha, tsitsi limagwa.
Kugonjetsedwa kwa matumba nthawi zambiri kumadziwika ngati njira yodziyimira pawokha ndipo amatchedwa pododemodecosis. Galu amayamba kutsimphina: khungu la zala limavutika, ziphuphu zimawoneka. Matenda omwe amapezeka pamiyendo ya nyama ndi osachiritsika kuposa momwe zimakhalira mbali zina za thupi.
Zovuta pakukhazikitsa matendawa sizimachitika. Pazambiri za anamnesis ndi chithunzi chachipatala, mayeso a labotale amaphatikizidwa. Pachifukwa ichi, kukanda kumachitika, momwe amayesera kupeza tizilombo tofa kapena tamoyo tomwe timakhala. Mukamayambitsa matendawa, m'pofunika kusiyanitsa demodicosis ku matenda omwewo. Izi zikuphatikiza:
- Mphere m'makutu mwa agalu. Amapezeka pamiyendo ya nyama, zomwe ndizosiyana ndi demodicosis.
- Mange a Sarcoptic agalu. Amadziwika ndi kuyabwa kwambiri. Mite Sarcoptes canis, yomwe imayambitsa matendawa, imasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndi Demodexa canis.
- Nkhanambo m'mutu mwa nyama. Wothandizira matendawa, Notoedres cati, ali ndi thupi lozungulira. Mapapu ndi zotupa zomwe zimachitika ndi mphere zam'mutu sizomwe zimakhala ndi demodicosis.
- Microsporia ndi trichophytosis. Matenda a fungal awa ali ndi zotupa za malaya.
- Dystrophy, thupi lawo siligwirizana komanso matenda opatsirana ali ndi zizindikilo za acariasis: kutayika tsitsi, zotupa pakhungu. Chithunzi chonse chimalola kuti azisiyanitsidwa ndi demodicosis.
Mukamachira zizindikiro za demodicosis mu agalu kuyamba kuzirala. Kuchuluka kwa zikopa zotulutsa khungu kumachepa. Tsitsi limasiya kutuluka, mawonekedwe onse a chivundikirocho amasintha, malaya amayamba kuwala, madera omwe tsitsi lawo latayika limachulukirachulukira.
Madera omwe akhudzidwa ndi khungu amagawanika ngati mawonekedwe owuma. Mu galu wochira, malo omwe tsitsi limagwera ali ndi tsitsi lakuda, khungu pansi pake limawoneka laling'ono, lotumbululuka pinki, lathanzi. Malingaliro onse okhalapo achoka.
Njira zopatsira matenda
Chovalacho, mosasamala kutalika kwake, chimalepheretsa nkhupakupa za tiziromboti kuti tisamukire kunyama ina. Ana agalu alibe chivundikiro chotere akadali aang'ono. Kansalako kali ndi tsitsi lochepa kwambiri m'dera lamabele. Chifukwa chake, mpaka miyezi itatu, ana agalu amakhala ndi mwayi wolandira nthata za Demodex kuchokera kwa amayi awo panthawi yodyetsa.
Demodectic mange agalu ndi opatsiranakoma kuthekera kwa kachilombo kwa galu wamkulu sikuli kwakukulu. Kusamutsa nkhupakupa, kulumikizana koyenera kuyenera kuchitika pakati pazinyama zopanda thupi za nyama. Izi sizimachitika kawirikawiri m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.
Chithandizo
Ndi mawonekedwe amderalo chithandizo cha demodicosis agalu safuna mankhwala. Ndikokwanira kutsuka galu ndi shampu, ndikuwonjezera benzoyl peroxide, ndikuwonjezera gawo la vitamini mu chakudya cha nyama.
The zowombetsa mkota mawonekedwe kawirikawiri amapezeka pa maziko a matenda. Kuyesayesa kwakukulu kumayang'aniridwa ndikuchotsa matenda oyambilira omwe adayambitsa kulephera kwa chitetezo cha galu.
Mankhwala ochizira demodicosis agalu:
- Amitraz. Njira yothetsera amadzimadzi 0.025% ya mankhwalawa imagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi, osati m'malo okhudzidwa okha. Ndondomeko ikuchitika kamodzi pa masabata awiri. Njira yowonjezerapo, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pa sabata, imatha kufulumizitsa kuchira, koma kuthekera kwa zotsatirapo ndi kusokonezeka kumawonjezera.
- Ivermectin. Kudya tsiku lililonse kwa 0.3-0.6 mg / kg kumachiritsiratu nyama m'miyezi inayi. Pali mitundu yomwe imamwa mankhwalawa moipa. Mwachitsanzo: agalu abusa a collie, English ndi Australia. Mankhwala ena amaperekedwa kwa ziweto izi. Anthu ena amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi ivermectin. Chifukwa chake, muyeso woyambira wa mankhwala nthawi zambiri umachepetsedwa mpaka 0.1 mg / kg.
- Moxidectin. Mankhwalawa ali ndi zovuta zochepa. Kudya tsiku lililonse kwa 0.2-0.4 mg / kg kumachiritsa nyama.
- Milbemycin oxime. Amatengedwa pakamwa tsiku lililonse 0.5-2 mg / kg. Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amalowa m'malo mwa ivermectin agalu omwe sangalekerere.
- Pali katemera wina ndi mankhwala ochizira demodicosis. Mwachitsanzo: Advocate Bayer. Kuyesaku kunawonetsa kuti mankhwalawa amakwaniritsa cholinga chawo mu 80% ya milandu.
Kupewa
Pazinthu zokometsera, akatswiri azachipatala amati azigwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a ivomek poyerekeza 200 μg / kg. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi sabata asanabadwe ana. Komanso, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito ma kolar acaricidal (anti-mite).
Prophylactically analimbikitsa:
- Unikani galu kuchipatala cha ziweto. Osatengera momwe nyama ilili, izi ziyenera kuchitika kamodzi pamiyezi itatu iliyonse.
- Unikani agalu bwinobwino musanakwatirane.
- Kamodzi pamwezi, gwiritsani ntchito madzi otentha kuyeretsa malo opumira agalu.
- Musalole agalu kulankhulana ndi nyama zosochera.
- Agalu ndi zowombetsa mkota demodicosis ayenera neutered ndi utsi.
Kodi galu wodwala angathe kupatsira munthu?
Anthu nthawi zambiri amakhala atazunguliridwa ndi nyama zomwe zimakhala ndi nkhupakupa za Demodex. Tiziromboti tili ndi mbali imodzi: mtundu uliwonse wa nkhupakupa umaperekedwa kwa mwini wake ndipo sumafalikira kuchokera ku chinyama kupita kwa munthu. Ndiye kuti, galu wodwala amatha kukhala pafupi ndi munthu.
Mitundu yake yokha ya Demodex imakhala m'thupi la munthu - awa ndi folliculorum, longissimus ndi brevis. Munthu wathanzi labwino atha kukhala ndi tiziromboti. Kuchepetsa chitetezo chamthupi kumatha kuyambitsa demodicosis, yomwe imawonekera kwambiri pamaso.
