Nsomba za ku Nyanja Yofiira. Ufumu wosiyanasiyana
Nyanja yakale kwa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri yakukhala ndi anthu okhala m'madzi ambiri. Nsomba zikwi chimodzi ndi theka zawerengedwa ndikufotokozedwa ndi anthu, koma awa ndi ochepera theka la okhala mumadzi odabwitsa.
Palibe mtsinje uliwonse umene umadutsa m'nyanja yotentha. Izi zimathandizira kutetezera madzi oyera kwambiri ndikupanga chitukuko cha dziko lapadera. Nsomba zam'nyanja yofiira ndi apadera. Mitundu yambiri simapezeka m'madzi ena.
Nsomba zotchuka komanso zotetezeka
Kuyendera malo odyera otchuka ndi alendo sikokwanira popanda kusambira pamadzi kapena kuwedza m'nyanja. Oimira odziwika akumadzi adzasiya chithunzi chowonekera bwino:
Parrot nsomba
Dzinalo limafanana ndi mawonekedwe ake owoneka bwino: mitundu ya mitundu-mitundu komanso kukula pamphumi ngati mlomo wa mbalame. Mtundu wabuluu wobiriwira, wachikasu, wonyezimira, nsomba zazikulu (mpaka 50 cm) ndizabwino.
Koma kuluma mwangozi ndi nsagwada zamphamvu kumakhala kopweteka kwambiri. Usiku, nsombayo imapanga chikhuku chokhala ngati chakudya - kutetezedwa ku tiziromboti ndi nyama zolusa. Ngakhale diso labwino kwambiri silingapeze ndi fungo.
Nsomba-Napoleon
Kukula pamutu, mofanana ndi chipewa cha mfumu, adatcha dzinalo. Kukula kodabwitsa kwa ulusi wa Maori (mpaka 2 mita kutalika) kumaphatikizidwa ndi chikhalidwe chabwino komanso kukhudzika kwamakhalidwe. Nsombazi ndizochezera kwambiri kotero kuti amasambira mpaka madalaivala kuti adziwe bwino.
Nsomba za Napoleon nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa ulesi
Antais dzina loyamba
Nsomba zamasukulu zazing'ono kwambiri (7-15 cm). Anthu okhala m'matanthwe a coral ali ndi mitundu yowala ya lalanje, yobiriwira, yofiira. Sukuluyi imatha kusodza mpaka 500 ya nsomba.
Amphiprion ya misewu iwiri
Mitundu yowala, yachilendo ndi mikwingwirima yakuda yakuda pa lalanje imakopa ojambula. Nsomba zimakhala pawiri mu anemones, sizowopa konse kusambira.
Mahema a anemones, owopsa kwa ena, samavulaza okhalamo, okutidwa ndi mamina oteteza, ngati kuti akuwateteza. Nthawi zina amphiprions amatchedwa clown. Amakhala olimba mtima pafupi ndi malo awo obisalamo.
Nsomba zansangala zimateteza ku ma anemone omwe ndi owopsa kuzinthu zina zam'madzi
Gulugufe nsomba
Ndikosavuta kuzindikira kukongola ndi thupi lalitali, lophwatalala lokhala ndi mkombero wautali wam'mbali, wowala wakuda ndi wachikaso. Chifukwa cha moyo wawo wamasana m'malo osaya, adaphunziridwa bwino ndi anthu ena osabisa.
Amakhala ndi magulu ang'onoang'ono, awiriawiri. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu yabuluu-lalanje, siliva wakuda, wachikaso chofiira.
Kunyong'onyeka kwamtundu wakuda
Kwa milomo yotakata imakhala ndi dzina lotchedwa mulomo wokoma. Mayina a nsomba za Red Sea omwe amalankhulidwa kawirikawiri, chifukwa chake mtundu wa nsomba ndi kukukuta mukamaluma miyala yamiyala zimadziwika dzina la wokhalamo.
Malembo
Okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Amamva bwino pakati pa miyala, miyala, ndi zomera zambiri. Mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira wokhala ndi mawanga akuda m'mbali. Zipsepse ndi malo ophatikizana ndi ofiira-ofiira. Kutalika kwa thupi mpaka 50 cm.
Mngelo wachifumu
Zimakhala zovuta kuphonya nsombazi ngakhale pakati pa zokongola zina za m'nyanja yotentha. Zokongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima yakutsogolo ndi kwamaso. Mtundu kuchokera pachikaso chachikaso buluu-woyera mosiyanasiyana pamithunzi ndi mawonekedwe. Mikwingwirima yolimba komanso yosokonekera, mawanga, mabanga, kusintha ndi kusokonekera.
Malangizo a zojambulazo alinso osiyanasiyana: zozungulira, zozungulira, zowongoka, zopingasa, zavy. Pazakudya zonse za nsombazo, zimadziwika ndi chisomo chawo.
Mngelo wachifumu ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana
Platax
Nsomba zazing'ono zooneka ngati kachigawo kakang'ono zimakula mpaka masentimita 70. Thupi limaphwatuka kuchokera mbali. Mtunduwo ndi wowala lalanje kapena wachikasu wokhala ndi mikwingwirima itatu yakuda. Wofuna kudziwa mwachilengedwe, osachita manyazi, amasambira pafupi kwambiri ndi madalaivala. Amasungidwa m'magulu. Ndi ukalamba, utoto umakhala wosasunthika, chifukwa mikwingwirima imasokonekera. Zipsepsezo zimachepetsedwa kukula.
Nsomba za nyali
Ziwalo zowala nthawi zambiri zimakhala maso. Utsi wobiriwira wobiriwira umachokera kukope lakumunsi, nthawi zina kuchokera kumchira kapena pamimba. Nsomba zazing'ono, mpaka 11 cm, zimakhala m'mapanga akuya mamita 25. Amabisala kwa anthu osiyanasiyana. Kuwala kumakopa nyama yawo, kumalumikizana ndi mitundu yawo.
Anthu achiwawa
Kuzama kwa nyanja kumatha kukhala koopsa. Okhala kunyanja samamenyana onse akakumana, koma sikoyenera kuyambitsa kuwukira kwawo. Mwachitsanzo, bala lotseguka, fungo la magazi nthawi zonse limakopa nyama zolusa. Kutsata malamulo osavuta kungapangitse kuti mudziwane ndi Red Sea kukhala otetezeka:
- musakhudze nsomba ndi manja anu;
- pewani kusambira usiku.
Khalidwe lachinyengo mukakumana kapena kuukira nsomba mosayembekezereka kumatha kubweretsa kuvulala koopsa, pachiwopsezo cha moyo wamunthu.
Nsomba zakupha
Dokotala wa nsomba
Zipsepse za mchira zimakhala ndi msana wakuthwa kuti zitetezedwe. M'khalidwe lawo labisala, amabisidwa m'malo apadera. Pakakhala ngozi, ma spikes amasunthika ngati kudula zikopa.
Kutalika kwa nsomba yaopaleshoni kumafika mita imodzi. Kuyesera kukwapula kukongola kowala, buluu, pinki-bulauni kapena mandimu, kumatha kubweretsa kubwezera kovulaza komanso bala lalikulu.
Mwala wa nsomba
Kubisalira pakuwoneka kosawonekera. Ziphuphu, zotuwa zimapereka mawonekedwe onyansa. Ikuikidwa m'madzi, nsomba zamiyala zimaphatikizana ndikutuluka kwamtundu ndi mawonekedwe. Chingwe chosayembekezereka kumapeto kwa dorsal ndi chowopsa kotero kuti munthu amwalira popanda chithandizo chamankhwala maola angapo pambuyo pake.
Kupweteka kopweteketsa mtima, kudziwa kwamatenda, kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha, kusokonezeka kwamitima yamtima kumatsata zilonda zakupha. Chithandizo ndichotheka, koma chimatenga nthawi yayitali komanso yovuta.
Mwala wa nsomba umadzibisa kwathunthu pansi pa nyanja
Nsomba ya Lionfish kapena zebra
Ndiwodziwika bwino chifukwa cha zipsepse zake zachilendo zonga riboni zokhala ndi singano zapoizoni. Kuvulala kwamatope kumayambitsa kusokonezeka, kutaya chidziwitso, komanso kupuma. Masikelo ofiira ofiira okhala ndi mikwingwirima yosinthana amafanana ndi fanasi. Anthu ambiri okhala m'madzi mosamala amakhala kutali ndi mbidzi.
M'mphepete mwa zipsepse za mkango muli poizoni wamphamvu
Ma stingray (magetsi ndi ma stingray)
Ngakhale zotsatira zake zowononga, ma stingray siamakani. Kusamalira anthu mosamala kumatha kubweretsa
- Kutulutsa kwa magetsi, chifukwa cha zomwe ziwalo kapena kumangidwa kwa mtima ndizotheka;
- Ndibaya jekeseni waminga wakupha - chilondacho ndichopweteka kwambiri ndipo nchovuta kuchira.
Palibe anthu omwe amafa omwe adalembedwa atakumana ndi stingray, koma palibe amene akufuna kupondaponda stingray.
Chinjoka Cham'madzi
Ndi mawonekedwe a wokhalamo, zitha kusokonezedwa ndi goby yotchuka. Koma mawanga akuda amdima amawononga amodzi mwa nyama zomwe sizimadziwika. Imasaka ozunzidwa mozama mamita 20 komanso m'madzi osaya m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Panali milandu pomwe anthu amangoponda chinjoka chomwe chidakwiriridwa mumchenga.
Nsomba yosadziwika, mpaka 50 cm kutalika ndi thupi lokhalitsa, imawombedwa ndi liwiro la mphezi. Maso ali pamwamba - izi zimathandiza kusaka. Wofalitsa wa dorsal fin ndiye chenjezo, koma nthawi zina samatha kuzizindikira. Masingano onse ndi owopsa. Mitundu yowonjezera ilipo pa ma operculums.
Ngakhale nsomba zakufa zimatha kuthira poyizoni ndi jakisoni wakupha mkati mwa maola 2-3. Chifukwa chake, zimabweretsa ngozi kwa asodzi. Mu nsomba yogwidwa pamzera, minga imapanikizidwa, koma m'manja iwonetsa ukatswiri wake. Chifukwa cha jakisoni wakupha, edema, ziwalo zimayamba, pamakhala chiopsezo chakufa mu mtima.
Nyenyezi ya Arotron
Nsomba zazikulu, zomwe zimakula mpaka 1.5 mita, zitha kukhala zosawoneka pamwamba pamadzi chifukwa cha utoto mpaka pang'ono komanso kuyenda pang'onopang'ono. Chofunika kwambiri ndikutheka mpaka mpira.
Izi zimathandizidwa ndi chipinda chapadera pafupi ndi mimba, komwe madzi amasonkhanitsidwa panthawi yoopsa. Khungu lopanda mamba ndilotanuka. Maonekedwe otupa amawopseza adani.
Poizoni tetradotoxin amadziphatika mthupi la arotron, chifukwa chake, kudya sikuvomerezeka. Kuluma kumapweteka. Mbale zokhalitsa zamano zimapera nkhono ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali.
Nsomba zapoizoni za Nyanja Yofiira nthawi zambiri amaposa mphamvu zakufa kwa zokwawa zapadziko lapansi.
Nsomba zowopsa
Nsomba za singano
Thupi laling'onoting'ono laling'ono lamakona awiri ndilotalika mpaka mita imodzi. Mtundu umasiyanasiyana mitundu kuchokera kubiriwira wobiriwira, imvi mpaka bulauni yofiirira. Ndi nsagwada zazitali, nsomba zimatha kuluma mosavuta kudzera mthupi la munthu. Kukumana naye ndi kowopsa.
Nsombazi
Kubisalira kwa mitunduyi pakuwoneka kosadabwitsa kwa nsomba zodya anthu padoko, pagombe, pagombe. Nyama zazikulu, kuyambira mamita awiri mpaka asanu ndi awiri kutalika kwake, zimakongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima ya akambuku m'mbali. Mtundu wakumbuyo wakuda umatha msinkhu. Apadera a nsombazi ndi luso kusaka ngakhale mu mdima wathunthu.
Tiger shark ndi amodzi mwamalo oyamba kuwukira anthu
Barracuda
Ikuwoneka ngati pike wamtsinje wokhala ndi masikelo ang'onoang'ono, mpaka 2 mita kutalika. Pakamwa pakamwa pa barracuda chokhala ndi mano onga mpeni kumamata nyama mwamphamvu, kumatha kupundula ziwalo za munthu, ndikuzilakwitsa ngati nsomba m'madzi amatope.
Sichisonyeza kuchitira nkhanza anthu, koma imasaka nyama zina monga sharki, zomwe zimawopsezanso. Akatswiri amagawa mitundu ina ya ma barracusa ngati nsomba zodyedwa zokhala ndi nyama yamtengo wapatali.
Chiwopsezo chodya zokometsera za "barracuda" wosadziwika ndi poyizoni wowopsa wazizindikiro zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matendawa athe. Kusokonezeka kwa machitidwe a thupi: kupuma, mantha, kuzungulira kwa magazi, - kumabweretsa imfa.
Moray
Zosiyanasiyana zitha kukhala zazitali masentimita 15 mpaka mamita 3. Thupi la njoka lopanda mamba limasuntha pansi pamiyala, m'ming'alu. Chombocho chimayambira kumutu mpaka kumchira.
Mtundu umasiyanasiyana. Anthuwa amapezeka mosiyanasiyana komanso owoneka bwino, okhala ndi mizere yakuda imvi. Pakamwa pakamwa pa nsagwada ndi nsagwada ziwiri. Pambuyo poukira, mutha kungotseka mano a moray eel ndi thandizo lakunja. Kulumidwa kong'ambika sikumachiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali, ngakhale nsomba siyili ndi poizoni.
Balfeode wa buluu
Zowopsa kwambiri m'nyengo yachilimwe nthawi yogona ikayamba. Kukumana ndi bambo kumatha mosakayikira. Nthawi zina balistode amakhala wodekha, samachita ndi zinthu zazikulu. Amakonda kusambira pafupi ndi miyala yamchere yamchere.
Mtundu umakhala wowoneka kapena wamizeremizere, pamiyendo yakuda yobiriwira, mizere yowala. Mano amphamvu, mpaka 7 cm kukula, agawa zipolopolo za crustaceans, akupera miyala yamiyala. Kuluma sikupweteka, koma mabala ake amakhala ovuta kwambiri. Nsombazi zimawerengedwa kuti sizingachitike ndipo ndi imodzi mwangozi kwambiri pamiyala.
Flathead (nsomba za ng'ona)
Malo okondedwa ali m'miyala yamchere yamchere. Kukula kwake, nsombayo imafika masentimita 70 mpaka 90. Mutu waukulu wokhala ndi pakamwa ponse umawoneka ngati ng'ona. Thupi limakutidwa ndi masikelo amtundu wa mchenga kapena mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira.
Imasambira pang'ono, makamaka imadzibisa yokha mumchenga pansi ndipo imangoyenda kwa maola angapo. Ndi ma jerks mwadzidzidzi, amagwira nsomba zambiri. Pakamwa pake ndi kochepa, choncho amasaka nyama zing'onozing'ono zokha.
Flathead ndi mtundu wowopsa womwe umakutidwa ndi minga womwe umawuteteza kuzilombo zina. Mukakumana ndi munthu sikuwonetsa chiwawa. Musakhudze malaya amabala. Kuopsa kwa mabala mwangozi ochokera kuminga zakuya za ng'ona. Amayambitsa kutupa ngati chotupacho sichisamalidwa bwino.
Nyanja Yofiira Tylozur
Nyamayi imatha kuwonedwa ili pansi penipeni posaka nsomba zazing'ono. Anthu akuluakulu, mpaka 1.5 mita, amafanana ndi barracuda, koma nsagwada zawo ndizotalika. A mbali tylozurs ndi kuthekera kulumpha m'madzi, ndi kupinda, kuuluka mtunda wabwino pa mafunde.
Ndi mchira wawo, zimawoneka kuti zikukankha pamadzi, kuthamanga kuti zilumphire m'sukulu ya nsomba zomwe sizingawone mlenjeyo. Asodzi akhala akuvutika kangapo, kugwera pansi pa mphuno yakuthwa kwambiri ya tylozur yamphamvu.
Nsomba zowopsa za Nyanja Yofiira osamvetsetsa bwino. Makhalidwe apadera okhalamo, omwe apulumuka m'nkhalango zachilengedwe kwa mamiliyoni a zaka, ali ndi chidwi ndi kusiyanasiyana komanso kusayembekezeka kwa ziwonetsero. Kulemera kwa dziko lapansi lamadzi kukupitirizabe kudabwitsa alendo ndi ofufuza ndi kukongola kwake kosinthika.
