Anthuwo amamutcha wogwira. Nsombayo imameza nyamboyo mwachidwi. Pankhani ya asp, pali chifukwa cha izi. Nyama ilibe m'mimba. Chakudya chimalowa m'matumbo nthawi yomweyo. Kuchepetsa kagayidwe kake kumapangitsa kuti mamba azidya nthawi zonse, osamvetsetsa zakudya ndi momwe zimakhalira.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a asp ya nsomba
Mamba amatanthauza carps. Magawo osagawanika amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mamembala onse pabanjapo. Chubu chowongoka, chobowo chimayambira pakamwa mpaka mchira. Chinthu china chofala cha cyprinids ndi milomo ya mnofu komanso kusowa kwa mano pachibwano. Nthawi yomweyo, pali ma incisors ochepa m'mphako.
Pa nsagwada za asp, m'malo mwa mano, pali notches ndi ma tubercles. Zomalizazi zili pansipa. Zomwe zili pachibwano chapamwamba ndizo khomo la ma tubercles ochokera pansi. Njirayi imagwira ntchito ngati loko. Mwa kung'amba, imagwira nyama yake bwinobwino. Chifukwa chake asp imatha kusunga ngakhale ozunzidwa akulu.
Asp, ngati carp, ali ndi milomo yanyama
Chakudya, carp ndi yopanda tsankho, yokwanira nsomba iliyonse, ngakhale mitundu yotchedwa yolemera monga yopanda pake, minnows, pike perch, ide. Guster ndi tulka nawonso ali pamndandanda wa asp. Amagwera m'kamwa mwa chilombo ndipo chub.
Mamba wokhoza kuthamangitsa nsomba zazikulu, popeza iye mwini amafika masentimita 80 m'litali. Pachifukwa ichi, kulemera kwa chilombocho ndi makilogalamu 3-4. Komabe, kukula kwa nsomba zomwe amadyazo kumakhala kochepa ndi kamwa kakang'ono ka carp.
Kawirikawiri, kugwira kwa asp sikupitirira masentimita 15 m'litali. Kukula komwe mumakonda pakati pa carp (40-60 sentimita) ndi nsomba za sentimita 5. Chilombo chotere chimagwira. Koma, tikambirana izi m'mutu wina.
Asp - nsomba kuthamangitsa nyama, osayidikirira. Karp amalondola mwakhama ozunzidwa. Njoka zimayamba kuwasaka kuyambira ali makanda. Mu 1927, carp ya 13 millimeter idagwidwa mumtsinje wa Ural ndikutulutsa mwachangu mkamwa mwake.
Asp imatha kugwidwa ndi mwachangu
Mtundu wa asp umawonekeranso muunyamata. Kumbuyo kwa nsombayo kumakhala kofiira buluu. Mbali za carp ndizopangidwa ndi buluu. Mimba mwa nsombayo ndi yoyera. Zipsepse zakumbuyo ndi zamkati ndizimvi buluu, pomwe zapansi ndizofiyira. Chinthu china chosiyana ndi maso achikasu.
Thupi la asp ndilotambalala ndi kumbuyo kwamphamvu. Masikelo amakhalanso osangalatsa, akulu komanso akuda. Mutha kuwona nsombazo osati kokha pogwira, komanso ikadumpha kuchokera m'madzi. Asp imadumphadumpha modabwitsa komanso pamwamba, ikufalitsa zipsepse zolimba ndi zazikulu zakumbuyo ndi mchira.
M'madamu omwe amapezeka
Kugwira asp zotheka kokha m'matupi amadzi abwino, oyenda komanso oyera. Ma carp ena sanatchulidwepo. Dera lamadzi liyenera kukhala lakuya komanso lalikulu.
Chiwerengero chachikulu cha asp chimakhazikika m'malo omwe ali pakati pa mitsinje ya Ural ndi Rhine. Chifukwa chake, carp imapezeka osati ku Russia kokha, komanso m'maiko a Asia. Rhine imadutsa mayiko 6. Akhazikitsa malire akumwera a malo okhala. Malire akumpoto - Svir. Uwu ndi mtsinje wolumikiza nyanja za Ladoga ndi Onega ku Russia.
M'madamu angapo, asp idawonjezeredwa mwachinyengo. Chifukwa chake, mu zero Balashikha, carp imamasulidwa ndi munthu. Ndi nsomba zochepa zomwe zidapulumuka. Komabe, nthawi zina kugwira kumachitika ku Balashikha.
Mitsinje yomwe asp imakhala imadutsa m'nyanja ya Caspian, Black, Azov ndi Baltic. M'madera a Siberia ndi ku Far East, carp sichipezeka. Koma ku Europe, woimira wamkulu pabanjapo amapezeka, akukumana ku England, Sweden, Norway, France. Ndicholinga choti asp pachithunzichi atha kukhala aku Asia, Russia ndi Europe.
Mitundu ya asp nsomba
Mitunduyi imagawidwa m'magulu atatu. Yoyamba amatchedwa asp wamba. Ndi amene amapambana m'mitsinje ya Russia. Pamitundu yonse yamafuta, carp imayimbidwa kugwa. Mamba - Mwini nyama yofewa. Imalekanitsa mosavuta ndi mafupa. Mtundu wa nyama, monga wa ma carp ena, ndi woyera.
Asp caviar komanso chokoma, chachikasu chachikuda. M'nyengo yozizira, zokoma zimakololedwa chifukwa kulumidwa chilimwe kumakhala koipitsitsa. M'nyengo yozizira, nsomba zimagwidwa ndi maukonde. Nsomba zambiri zimagwera mumitundu yoimitsidwa pachisanu. Asp, m'malo mwake, imatsegulidwa.
Mtundu wachiwiri wa asp ndi Near East. Iye wagwidwa mu beseni la Tiger. Mtsinjewo umadutsa madera a Syria ndi Iraq. Subpecies yakomweko ndi yaying'ono kuposa masiku onse. Ngati pakati pa oyamba pali zimphona za masentimita 80 zolemera pafupifupi kilos 10, ndiye kuti carp yayikulu yaku Central Asia siyodutsa masentimita 60 m'litali.
Kulemera kwa nsomba zomwe zagwidwa mu Tigris sikuposa 2 kilos. Chifukwa chake, zolusa ndizochepera kuposa masiku onse, zochepa kwambiri.
Subpecies yachitatu ya asp ndiyamutu. Ndizodziwika bwino ku beseni la Amur. Nsomba zomwe zili mmenemo ndi zofanana ndi dazi. Awa ndi nthumwi ina yamadzi oyera a banja la carp. Asp ya Amur ili ndi kamwa yaying'ono. Ndiko kusiyana konse kwa nsomba. Chiwerengero cha ziwombankhanga chimakhazikika kumtunda kwa Amur ndi pakamwa pake. M'madzi akumwera kwa mtsinjewu, carp imakhala yosaoneka.
Pachithunzicho ndi asp wonyezimira
Amur carp amakonda madzi osaya. Ma subspecies ena a nyama nthawi zambiri amapita mozama. Nsomba zimasiyananso ndi kusamuka masana. M'mawa, asp amakhala pafupi ndi m'mbali mwa mitsinje, ndipo madzulo amapita pakati pa mtsinjewo. Kusamuka kumadaliranso nthawi yayitali. Asp amakonda kutentha ndi kuunika, motero amakhala pafupi ndi pamwamba nthawi yamadzulo.
Kugwira asp
Kuluma kwambiri kwa carp pamasewera amateur kumalembedwa kuyambira koyambirira kwa masika mpaka chilimwe. Kuphatikiza apo, asp ilibe chifukwa chodziponyera nyambo, chifukwa mayiwe amadzala ndi chakudya. Kuzizira, makamaka chakumapeto kwa dzinja, kumakhala kovuta kupeza chakudya, chifukwa chake ma carps amathamangira kupota. Pa asp tengani mitundu yake ingapo.
Choyamba ndi mtanda. Kutsanzira nsomba kotereku kumaloledwa pamwamba pamadzi. Ophwanya ademon nawonso atsimikizira. Chogulitsachi chimapangidwa ndi zomangira. Zomalizazi zimabweretsa kusokonezeka kwamadzi.
Ma Devons amagwira ntchito ndimayendedwe achangu. Nsomba zosachedwa kudya komanso zankhanza ngati asp zimatha kuchitapo kanthu. Poyamba, ma baubles ngati torpedo anali kugwiritsidwa ntchito posodza nsomba.
Nthawi zina kupota pa asp tengani ndi wobbler. Nyambo iyi ndi yolimba, yowala kwambiri. Mukatumiza supuni, titero, kukhala olumala. Mwa njira, dzina la wobbler limamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chingerezi kuti "kuyenda".
Omenyera ufulu wa asp ndikofunikira kusankha molingana ndi kukula ndi kulemera kwake. Msampha wosankhidwa bwino umapereka mtunda wokwanira woponyera, "kubweretsa" zikho kwa asodzi ndimakilogalamu 8-10.
Komanso kuluma kwa carp pa opopera. Dzinalo nyamboyo ndi Chingerezi, imamasuliridwa kuti "squish". Opopera amapanga phokoso potsogolera ndikutulutsa ma jets amadzi, monga nsomba zenizeni. Zokopa za squishy zomwe zimayenda kwambiri zimawerengedwa kuti ndi zabwino kwambiri.
Wopambana m'nkhaniyi nayenso wagwidwa pa supuni ya katatu. Izi ndizofunikira pakuwedza kuchokera pa bwato pafupi ndi chingwe chowongolera komanso "kusaka" kozizira. Kulemera kochepa kwa supuni posodza asp ndi magalamu 15. Anthu ambiri amapanga mankhwala osavuta pakokha.
Mwa nyambo zakale, mtedza wosavuta umathandizanso. Imanjenjemera bwino mukamayendetsa mzerewo. Sitiroko ya spinner imafanana ndi kuyenda kwa wobbler. Mukakoleza bwino, mtedzawo umapangitsa kuti ukhale wabwino kwambiri poponyera mtunda wautali.
Nyambo yamoyo yosodza carp yatchulidwa kale. Nsomba zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchokera kuzakudya zodya nyama monga minnows, pike perch komanso zoperewera. Ngati nyambo yokumba yasankhidwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti timveke. Asp ali ndi mphamvu yabwino ya kununkhiza.
Imazindikira nyama yomwe imadya chifukwa cha fungo la nsomba kuposa momwe imawonekera. Fungo limapatsa carp ngakhale chidziwitso chosadziwika, mwachitsanzo, mkhalidwe wa wovulalayo. Phulusa mosazindikira amazindikira patali nsomba zodwala, osangalala.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Kusamba kumayambira masika. Madeti enieni amatengera nyengo yamderali, kutentha kwamadzi. M'madera akumwera, mwachitsanzo, ma carps amayamba kuswana pakati pa Epulo. Kubzala kumatha kumayambiriro kwa Meyi. Madzi ayenera kutentha mpaka madigiri asanu ndi awiri. Zabwino 15 Celsius.
Asp mu kasupe ayamba kubereka ngati wafika zaka zitatu. Uwu ndiwo malire oberekera azimayi ndi abambo. Mwa njira, sizimasiyana pamitunduyo. Mwa nsomba zina, mawonekedwe azakugonana amapezeka amuna akamakula kuposa akazi, kapena mosemphanitsa.
Pobereka, mimbulu imagawidwa pawiri. M'dera lanu, mabanja a 8-10 carp amaberekana. Kuchokera panja zikuwoneka kuti kubereka ndi gulu, koma sichoncho.
Kuti ipeze malo oyenera kubala, mamba amayenda makilomita makumi angapo kumtunda kukafika kumtunda kwa mitsinje. Ming'alu yamiyala kapena malo amchenga am'munsi pansi pazakuya amasankhidwa.
Chiwerengero cha mazira oyikidwa ndi carp chimasiyanasiyana kwambiri. Mwinanso zidutswa 50, ndipo mwina 100,000.Mazirawo amasungidwa chifukwa chokomera pankhope pake. Mwachangu amaswa masabata awiri atabereka.
