Chingwe chopepuka chimalimba. Buluzi wa njoka wopanda mwendo
Buluzi wochepa ngati njoka adafotokozedwa koyamba ndi Carl Linnaeus. Dzinalo loyankhula la spindle likusonyeza kuti mawonekedwe amthupi amafanana ndi chokhotakhota, ndipo katundu woponyera mchira udawonjezeranso zosalimba. Mwa zokwawa, okhala m'mapiri, amapezeka kangapo kuposa ena kuyambira kale chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake okongola komanso chikhalidwe chawo.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Chifukwa cha utoto wake wamkuwa, dzina lodziwika bwino la Medianitsa lidabweretsa mayesero ambiri m'moyo wa buluzi wamng'ono. Kusokonezeka ndi mutu wamkuwa, njoka yopapatiza, kumawonjezera zoopsa mukakumana ndi munthu. Sikovuta kuti wasayansi asiyanitse buluzi wopanda zingwe wopanda njoka. Koma bambo yemwe ali mumsewu amawoneka momwe akuwonekera komanso khalidwe la nyamayi ngati yowopseza.
Kutalika kwa thupi la reptile kuli pakati pa 30-45 cm, pomwe 2/3 ndi mchira. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa amuna mumadontho abulauni kumbuyo kofiirira m'mizere iwiri. Akazi ali ndi utoto wofiirira wamkuwa, mchira ndi wamfupi.
Chopotera, buluzi, osati njoka
Mimba ndi mbali zimatha kukhala chokoleti chopepuka kapena chosiyana ndi chakuda. Kwa achinyamata, zonse ndizosiyana. Msana wokongola wonyezimira, nthawi zina wokhala ndi ubweya wonyezimira, wokongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima. Maonekedwe a anyamatawa ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi achikulire kuti m'zaka za zana la 19 amadziwika kuti ndi mitundu ina.
Chingwe chaching'ono chaching'ono chimasiyana kwambiri ndi abuluzi akuluakulu
Mwa abuluzi opanda miyendo, pali maalubino athunthu. Amadziwika mosavuta ndi mtundu wawo woyera komanso maso ofiira. Zoyeserera zochepa zimangopulumuka kokha chifukwa chokhala moyo wachinsinsi. Pali anthu osangalala, akuda kwambiri.
Chingwe cha mitundu yoyera ndi yakuda chimatchedwa melanists.
Chingwecho chimakhala ndi kapangidwe kosangalatsa. Zimakhala zowoneka kovuta kudziwa malire pakati pa thupi ndi mchira. Palibe sternum, palibe miyendo. Sacral vertebra yotetezedwa, nthiti zazing'ono, ndi zochitika za miyendo zimawonetsedwa kokha ndi mafupa ang'onoang'ono. Uvula ndi waufupi, ndikubowola kumapeto.
Mutha kusiyanitsa cholumikizira chosalimba ndi njoka ndi izi:
- thupi liri ndi masikelo osalala, osazindikirika mawonekedwe kumbuyo ndi pamimba;
- kupezeka kwa chikope cham'manja, kuthekera kuphethira.
Njoka, zonse ndizosiyana: mawonekedwe osasunthika komanso masikelo owonjezera pamimba. Koma mwamakhalidwe, buluzi wopanda vuto amawoneka kuti amatsanzira wachibale wowopsa. Nthawi zoopsa kapena mantha
- hisses, amatsegula pakamwa ndikutsanzira kuwopseza;
- amapotoza ndikuwonetsa kufunitsitsa kuponyera adani.
Ambiri alakwitsa, akukhulupirira kuti ali kutsogolo kwa njoka yapoizoni, ndipo ayi chopota. Kufotokozera abuluzi omwe agwidwa amatsimikizira kuti sali achiwawa. Osula amkuwa samaluma n'komwe ndi mano akuthwa, ndipo akagwidwa amatenga chakudya m'manja mwa mwini wake.
Chikhalidwe
Chokhotakhota adagawidwa ku Europe, Asia Minor, Caucasus, Iran, Algeria. Zimapezeka pamtunda wa mamita 2300. Malowa akutambasulidwa kuchokera kum'mwera mpaka kumpoto chifukwa cha kutentha kwa zokwawa.
Buluzi amakhazikika m'nkhalango zosakanikirana kapena zowuma, nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'mphepete mwa nkhalango, minda komanso madambo. Amakonda malo onyowa okhala ndi masamba ochepa, okhala ndi zitsamba zokulirapo. Amakonda malo okhala ndi mthunzi, nthawi zina amangokhala padzuwa, osati kutali ndi pogona. Mu kasupe imagwira masana, chilimwe - usiku.
Buluzi wopanda ulusi amathera kubisala kutentha kwa 8-10 ° C m'mitsinje yakuya pamodzi ndi abale. Anthu okwana 30 amasonkhana m'malo achisanu. Buluzi amakumba ndime zawo ndi mitu, akukulira mpaka masentimita 50-70. Milandu yoluka imakhala mu chisanu mpaka -6 ° C idatha bwino. Aliyense anapulumuka, ndipo kuda kwa chisanu kunadutsa mwachangu.
Buluzi amadziwika ndi moyo wongokhala. Utali wazitali za ziweto zawo ndizochepa, mita zingapo. Ngakhale anawo samasunthira patali ndi tsamba lawo. Swirls amatha kusambira. Koma ali ndi mphamvu zochepa, kotero kumizidwa m'madzi kumangokakamizidwa.
Mwachilengedwe, kwa anthu ambiri okhala pakati pa mbalame zodya nyama, mbira, mahedgehogs, nkhandwe, martens, tidbit ndi chopota. Njoka woyenda komanso woopsa, ndipo buluziyo amakhala wosachedwa kutchinjiriza ndi kudziteteza.
Chipulumutso chake chiri mu zitsa zakale, pansi pamitengo yakugwa, m'nthaka yoyaluka, munkhalango. Zimakhala zovuta kuwona zopota munyama zakutchire. Mutha kuziwona nyengo yamvula, pamene mavuwulu, chakudya chachikulu cha abuluzi, amatuluka.
Amakwawa kupita kumunda madzulo, usiku. Maso ndi kusalongosoka zimapangitsa abuluzi kukhala osaka nyama. Anthu aku Britain amawatcha kuti nyongolotsi zaulesi. Luntha lakumva kununkhira mothandizidwa ndi lilime lokakamizidwa limathandiza kusaka nyama.
Kuyenda, thupi ndi mchira zimapinda mu funde, koma chipolopolo cha mafupa chimalepheretsa izi. Ntchito yake ndikuteteza ku miyala yakuthwa, zitsamba zaminga. Zimachitika kuti Chingwe chopepuka kubisala mu chiswe. Mambawo amateteza thupi mokwanira kulumidwa ndi anthu omwe asokonezeka.
Asanachitike chopota chopanda mwendo sanapewe munthuyo. Iye anali woyamba mwa zokwawa kuchita masewera a terrariums. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, kufalikira kwa abuluzi kunachepa chifukwa cha feteleza wochulukirapo, kupukusa mungu ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Copperhead ndiyosavuta kuyimitsa. M'magulu a herpetologists mudzapeza chopota. Gulani buluzi sivuta ku nazale yapadera.
Zakudya zabwino
Mphutsi zaulesi ndi ma slugs ndizomwe zimadya kwambiri. Kuwapeza sikovuta. Wovutitsidwayo amamuyesa kaye ndi lilime, kenako kumeza. Kudya kumatenga nthawi yayitali.
Chakudyacho ndi mapiko a nkhuni, mbozi, mphemvu, crickets, millipedes, mphutsi za tizilombo, nkhono, zomwe buluzi amatulutsa m'zipolopolozo ndi mano ake. Palibe zakudya pazomera.
M'madera a terrariums, milandu yodya nyama zazing'ono zamtundu wawo ndi njoka zazing'ono zidawonedwa. Kukula kwake sikuwopseza abuluzi. Amatha kumeza theka la kutalika kwake.
Nthawi zina zingwe ziwiri zimapha nyongolotsiyo kuchokera mbali ziwiri ndikuizungulira m'njira zosiyanasiyana, ndikuphwanya nyama. Mano akuthwa a abuluzi opindika kumbuyo amagwira chakudya mwamphamvu. Sikovuta kudyetsa mutu wamkuwa mu ukapolo. Mutha kuchepetsa chakudya chachikulu ndi zidutswa za chiwindi, njere zam'mimba, mphutsi za zofabas.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Mu ukapolo, ana amatha kupezeka kuchokera kwa akazi apakati omwe agwidwa mwachilengedwe. Khalidwe laukwati silimamveka bwino. Amadziwika kuti amuna amakhala achiwawa posaka awiriawiri, kumapeto kwa nkhondo amalowa nkhondo zazimayi.
Mimba ya viviparous spindles imatha miyezi itatu. Ana a abuluzi 5 mpaka 25 amapezeka kumapeto kwa chilimwe, koyambirira kwa nthawi yophukira. Kuchokera kumalo obisika, atatha kutuluka, anawo amakwawa mbali zonse.
Nsabwe zazing'ono zomwe zimangobadwa kumene zimadya nthaka yaying'ono. Kwa chaka choyamba chakukhalapo, kukula kwa ulusiwu kumawirikiza. Kukula msinkhu kwa kugonana kumafikira mchaka chachitatu chokha cha moyo, pomwe kutalika kwa woyamwa kumakhala osachepera 25 cm.
Miyoyo ulusi ulusi mwachilengedwe zaka 10-12, ngati sichingafike msanga adani awo. M'madera otetezedwa, malo otetezeka, pali azaka zana, kuyambira zaka 20 mpaka 30.
Mbiri yayitali kwambiri ndi zaka 54. Mu kusiyanasiyana kwachilengedwe, wokhala pang'ono wopanda chitetezo wokhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati njoka yoopsa amakopa chidwi mwa mawonekedwe ake ndi malo okhala.
