Kanyama kakang'onong'ono, nthawi ndi nthawi, ngati kuti kamatuluka muudzu, kenako nkuzimiranso, izi ndi - gologolo wamangamanga.
Chithunzi cha agologolo agolide ndizovuta kuzichita mwachilengedwe, popeza chinyama sichikhala pamalo amodzi kwa mphindi. Ngakhale wopalirayo "akwezeka" pamwamba paudzu, mphuno yake, mphuno yonse imayenda nthawi zonse, ndipo thupi limakhala lovuta.
Komanso, nyamazo zimasowa pomwe wojambula zithunzi akusindikiza shutter. Chifukwa chake, zithunzi zambiri za gophers m'chilengedwe zimapezeka zokha, popanda kuchitapo kanthu.
Makhalidwe ndi malo a gologolo wamawangamawanga
Nyama iyi ndi imodzi mwazing'ono zazing'ono kwambiri, kutalika kwa thupi lake limangofika masentimita 18-25, ndipo kulemera kwake sikufikira theka la kilogalamu. Kupatula kuti nyamayo ndi yaying'ono, ndiyofupikitsanso. Mchira wa gopher sunapitirire kotala la kutalika kwa thupi lake, monga lamulo, kutalika kwa mchira kumachokera 3 mpaka 5 cm.
Amuna agologolo agulu ndi akulu komanso owala kuposa akazi. M'masitolo ogulitsa mabuku zithunzi za gopher wamawangamawanga nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa mosiyanasiyana, kenako owala, kenako tsitsi lofiira, kenako wamawangamawanga, nthawi zambiri mafanizo alibe tanthauzo lililonse la mitundu yosiyana, mwanjira ina, mawonekedwe osiyana.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti malo okhala nyamayo ndi akulu kwambiri, ndipo mtundu wa malaya ake aubweya, komanso mitundu ing'onoing'ono yakunja, zimadalira molunjika komwe gopher wina amakhala.
Mwachitsanzo, wamawangamawanga ku Belarus ali ndi tsitsi lofiirira lokhala ndi chithaphwi ndi zipsyera zoyera, ngakhale thupi lolimba komanso miyendo yolimba.
Nyama yomweyi m'chigwa cha Pridonya idayamba kale, ndi timadontho tating'onoting'ono, tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono, thupilo limawoneka ngati peyala, pomwe miyendo yakumbuyo imakula kwambiri kuposa yakutsogolo.
Chifukwa chake, zina mwamaonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa nyama zimatengera komwe amakhala. M'mbuyomu, malo awo amakhala ku Europe konse kuyambira kumpoto kwambiri mpaka kumwera kwenikweni, makamaka agologolo agolide omwe anali mgawo la Danube mpaka magombe a Volga.
Okonda malo amakhala m'mapiri, nkhalango, madambo, ndi minda. Zambiri mwa nyamazi nthawi ina zinali pamwamba pa "dziko la namwali". Kulima kwa ma steppes kunapangitsa kuti ma goperi abwerere ndikukhazikika m'mbali mwa misewu yakumidzi, m'miyendo ya nkhalango, m'mphepete mwa mapiri ouma ndi maenje, m'minda "yosiyidwa", minda yamphesa yamtchire, komanso, pafupi ndi minda yambewu.
Kusamuka mokakamizidwa kunapangitsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa nyama izi, chiwerengerocho chidatsika kwambiri kotero kuti adadziwika ngati mtundu womwe watsala pang'ono kutha, ndipo pakati pazaka zapitazo gologolo wamangamanga kugunda masamba Ofiira mabuku ndipo adalandira "chitetezo".
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa wopalasa wamawangamawanga
Ophwanya nyama zakutchire kwambiri amakhala ndi malingaliro okhudzana ndi kuphatikiza. Amakhazikika m'magawo akulu, ngati gawo likuloleza, ndiye kuti ndi ochepa, ngati pali malo ochepa, ochepa kwambiri.
Nthambi ndi kukula kwa dzenje, lomwe nyama iliyonse yayikulu ili ndi yake, zimatengera kupezeka kwa malo. Ophimba amakumba maenje mosangalatsa. Nyama iliyonse imadzimangira yokha malo okhalamo ndipo, kuwonjezera pa iyo, imanyengerera malo obisalako pang'ono.
"Nyumba" yokhazikika ili ndi khomo limodzi lokha, nthambi zambiri, nthambi zotsalira "zipinda" zosungira masheya, "chipinda" chotchinga momwe goferayu amakhala - ili pamtunda wa masentimita 40 mpaka 130, ndipo zimadalira nyengo - kuzizira kuzizira, kuzama kozama.
Maenje oteteza kwakanthawi ndi osiyana kotheratu, alibe magawo ogona ndi osungira, koma amatuluka kangapo. Agologolo agulu amawapeza pafupi ndi malo omwe amapeza chakudya. Nyumbazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gulu lonse la nyama, mosatengera kuti ndi ndani amene adazikumba.
Akatswiri a zoo akhala akutsutsana kwazaka zambiri osagwirizana kuti mwina pali magulu andalama m'magulu a nyamazi.
Komabe, ngakhale asayansi sangathe kuyankha funsoli, m'chilengedwe muli ma gopher omwe amakhala okha. Kaya adathamangitsidwa kumudzi, kapena ngati ndiwofalitsa mwaufulu - sizikudziwika, zimangodziwika kuti pali nyama zoterezi.
Ophwanya amakhala pansi, amakhala m'malo amodzi, osasamuka chifukwa cha chakudya. Pakakhala kuti palibe chakudya, gophers amapita kukachifuna kudera lonselo ndikubweretsa zomwe alowa mdzenje.
Kusunthika kwa nyama kumatha kukakamizidwa ndikuchotsa malo awo ndikuwopseza moyo, zomwe zidachitika polima maiko osayanjana, mpaka 1980. Nyamazi zimagwira ntchito masana, kuyambira m'mawa mpaka madzulo, koma nyengo yabwino yokha. Mvula ikagwa, wopalirayo sachoka "m'nyumba" yake zivute zitani.
Khalidwe la gopher limafanana ndi chikhalidwe cha wachibale wake wakutali, gologolo. Kusiyana kokha ndikuti nyama iyi imadalira kwambiri anthu.
Otsala onse ndi agologolo ali ofanana kwambiri - amakonda "zipinda zawo" zowapumira, zimawotha moto, ndikukonzanso ngakhale kukonza. Amakonda kubisala penapake ndikuwonera zomwe zikuchitika mozungulira, kukoka mbewu kuchokera pachakudya kapena mbewu kuchokera ku spikelet.
Sakhala m'mabanja, kukumana ndi wokondedwa wawo, koma osagawana naye dzenje limodzi komanso osakhala moyo wamba. Amasanja mosamala mosungira katundu wawo ndikuwunika zakudya zomwe amabisa m'nyengo yozizira.
Mpaka posachedwa, amakhulupirira kuti zamawangamawanga samadya nthawi yozizira, koma amapanga zinthu pakagwa nyengo yoipa kapena mwachilengedwe. Koma posachedwapa, mothandizidwa ndi kuwunika kwaukadaulo kwa nyama zambiri m'chigawo cha Rostov (Don), zomwe apeza zidatsutsa zomwe zidafotokozedwazo, zopangidwa ndi akatswiri azachilengedwe azaka zapitazi.
Nyama zamawangamawanga zobiriwira zimabisala, koma samagona nthawi zonse. Akudzuka, gopher amayenda mozungulira mink, amayang'ana polowera, ngati pali bwalu pabwalo, amatha kutuluka pang'ono, kenako amadya ndikugonanso.
Komabe, kumpoto kwa nyengo nyengo ndi kuzizira kwa nyengo yozizira, m'pamenenso hibernation imakhala yolimba kwambiri. M'madera okhala ndi nyengo yozizira kwambiri, ma gopher samadzuka, tulo timatha pafupifupi Seputembala mpaka Marichi, ambiri, gopher amatha kugona kuyambira miyezi 6 mpaka 7.
Munthawi imeneyi, kulemera kwake kumachepetsedwa ndi theka, ndipo nthawi zina, ndikumatha nthawi yayitali, nyama imangofa. Nyamazo zimagona zitakhala, zowerama, zikubisa mutu wawo m'mimba ndikuphimba mphuno ndi mchira wawo.
Maangamawanga agologolo akudyetsa
Kufotokozera kwa gologolo wamangamanga sangakhale osakwanira osanenapo za zakudya zake. Zamasamba izi zimaphatikiza mayina azomera makumi asanu.
Pa nthawi yomweyi, variegated fluffy ndi gourmet. Mwachitsanzo, m'matumba a gopher, maluwa owuma a clover, ogawanika ndi mitundu yazomera, amasungidwa padera, mizu, zimayambira, mbewu, zipatso, mbewu zimasungidwanso padera.
Okhazikika omwe amakhala kumunsi kwenikweni kwa mbewu za Don amasunga maapulo, akudya apulo palokha, osaliwumitsa, koma m'mayendedwe a Moscow, nyamazo zimalowerera m'nyumba zazilimwe ndikuyika mbewu za katsabola, mizu ya parsley komanso kaloti molingana ndi mitundu.
Chakudya chomwe amakonda kwambiri nyama komanso maziko azakudya zawo ndi:
- tirigu;
- rye;
- balere;
- phala;
- kupulumutsa;
- nthenga udzu;
- yarrow;
- chovala;
- timbewu;
- dandelion;
- phala lamtchire.
Pafupi ndi kubzala chimanga, agologolo aganyu amawonetsa chikondi chawo chonse pa chimanga, posankha ziphuphu kuposa chakudya china chilichonse ndikuwonetsa zozizwitsa zenizeni akamagwidwa.
Ngakhale gopher ndiwo zamasamba, ena mwa iwo samadandaula kudya kachilomboka. Monga lamulo, nyama zomwe zimakhala kunja kwa madera zimakonda kudya mapuloteni. Pali lingaliro loti ndizodyera zomwe ndizomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kwayekha.
Komabe, chotsutsana ndi lingaliro ili ndikuti nyama nthawi zambiri zimadya ana awo, osati pakubadwa kokha, komanso amakonda necrophagia - ndiye kuti, amadya abale awo omwe atsekerezedwa kapena kuvulazidwa. Koma, nthawi yomweyo, samakhudza omwe sanathe kudzuka nthawi yozizira.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Nyama zimakwatirana m'mabowo, amuna amabwera "kudzayendera" akazi. Izi zimayamba masabata 1-2 pambuyo podzuka kwakukulu kwa njuchi. Mimba imatenga pafupifupi mwezi, kenako ana 6 mpaka 10 amabadwa, omwe amakula pakati pa chilimwe, kumapeto kwa Juni - koyambirira kwa Julayi.
Ophimba amakhala pang'ono, kuyambira zaka 4 mpaka 5, ambiri samapulumuka nthawi yozizira yoyamba m'moyo wawo. Komabe, kwambiri mfundo zosangalatsa chani gologolo wamangamanga kumalo osungira nyama kawirikawiri sakhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 6-8, ndipo hybridi ndi mitundu ina ya agologolo agwidwa ukapolo amakhala nthawi yayitali.
